Introduction to
Polylines and Multilines
Chapter 15
Sacramento City College
EDT 310
Chapter 15 - Introduction to Polylines and Multilines
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Polylines
Chapter 15 - Introduction to Polylines and Multilines
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Polylines
 The
term polyline is composed of the
words "poly" and "line."
 Poly
means many.
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Polylines
A
polyline is
A
single object that can be
 Made up of one or more varied-width line
segments.
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The PLINE Command
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Polylines
 Polylines
are drawn with the PLINE
command.
 The
TRACE command, is similar to the
PLINE command.
 Both
commands can be used to draw thick
lines.
 PLINE has numerous advantages over
TRACE
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Polylines
 Polylines
advantages over normal lines:
 1.
Polylines can be drawn as thick or tapered
lines.
 2. Polylines are more flexible than lines drawn
with the TRACE command.
 3. Polylines can be any linetype.
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Polylines
 4.
Polylines can be edited.
 5. Closed polygons can be drawn.
 6. The area or perimeter of a polyline object
can be determined easily.
 7. Arcs and straight lines of varying thickness
can be joined as single objects.
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Polylines
 The
PLINE command is similar to the LINE
command.
 But
 All
segments of a polyline are treated as a
single object.
 Lines drawn with the LINE command, are
individual segments.
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Polylines
 To
draw a polyline,
 Pick
the Polyline button from the Draw toolbar
 OR
 Pick
Polyline from the Draw pull-down menu
 OR
 Type
PL or PLINE at the Command: prompt:
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Polylines
 Command:
PL or PLINE
 Specify
start point: (select a point)
 Current line-width is 0.0000
 Specify next point or
[Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
(select the next point)
 Press [Enter] to end the PLINE command and
return to the Command: prompt.
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Polylines
A
line width of 0.0000 produces a line of
minimum width.
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Setting the Polyline Width
 To
adjust the Width of a PLINE
 Use
the Width option after you enter the
PLINE command to change the line width,
and
 have selected the first point of the PLINE.
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Polyline Options
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Polyline Options
 Polyline
Options
 Width
 Halfwidth
 Length
 Undo
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Setting the Polyline Width
 Width
option
 Specify
the starting and ending widths of the
line.
 The starting width value that you specify
becomes the default setting for the ending
width.
 To keep the line the same width, press [Enter]
at the second prompt.
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Setting the Polyline Width
 If
a tapered line is desired, enter different
values for the starting and ending widths.
Starting Width = 0.0000
Ending Width = 1.0000
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Halfwidth Option
 Halfwidth
option
 Allows
you to specify the width of the polyline
from the center to one side.
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Length Option
 Length
option
 Not
intuitive
 Allows you to draw another polyline having
the same angle as the previous polyline.
 To
use: After drawing a polyline:
 Reissue
the PLINE command
 Pick a starting point.
 Enter the Length option
 Give the desired length.
 The 2nd PLINE will be parallel to the first PLINE.
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Undoing Previously Drawn Polylines
 Undo
option
 Use
while inside the PLINE command
 Erases the last polyline segment drawn.
 Enter U at the prompt line and then press [Enter]
 Each
time you use the Undo option, another
polyline segment is erased.
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Undoing Previously Drawn Polylines
 The
cursor remains attached to the end of the
polyline segment that was drawn before the
undone segment.
 You
can now continue to draw additional
polyline segments
 OR
 Type U and press [Enter] again to undo
another segment.
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Undoing Previously Drawn Polylines
 Undo
Option
 You
can use the Undo option to remove all of
the polyline segments up to the first point of
the polyline.
 The
segments are removed in reverse order
(from the order in which they were drawn).
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The U Command
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The U Command
 The
U command works in much the same
way.
 The
U Command is not the Undo option of the
PLINE command.
 The
U command can be used to undo any
previous commands.
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The U Command
 To
execute the U command:
 Pick
the Undo button from the Standard
toolbar
 OR
 Pick
Undo from the Edit pull-down menu
 OR
 Pressing
the [Ctrl]+[Z] key combination
 OR
 Enter
U at the Command: prompt.
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The U Command
 The
U command can also be activated by:
 Right-clicking
in the drawing area.
 Selecting Undo from the shortcut menu.
 AutoCAD
gives you a message indicating
which command was undone:
 Command:
U
 PLINE
 Command:
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The U Command
 You
can only undo one command at a
time.
 Repeated
 The
UNDO’s can be executed.
UNDO command,
 Has
more options than the U command
 Is more versatile than the U command.
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The REDO Command
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The REDO Command
 The
REDO command
 is
used to bring back objects that were erased
with the UNDO and U commands.
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The REDO Command
 Enter
REDO at the Command: prompt
 OR
 Pick
Redo from the Edit pull-down menu
 OR
 Press
the [Ctrl]+[Y] key combination
 OR
 Pick
the Redo button from the Standard
toolbar to activate the command.
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The UNDO Mark
 The
REDO command works only
immediately after undoing something.
 REDO does not bring back polyline
segments that were removed using the
Undo option of the PLINE command.
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The TRACE Command
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The TRACE Command
 To
draw thick lines, the TRACE command
can be used instead of the PLINE
command.
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The TRACE Command
 To
use the TRACE command:
 Enter
TRACE at the Command: prompt.
 Specify the trace width.
 Select points as you would with the LINE
command.
 The trace width is stored in the TRACEWID
system variable.
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The TRACE Command
 Command:
TRACE
 Specify trace width <current>: (enter width)
 Specify start point: (select start point)
 Specify next point: (select second point)
 Specify next point: (select additional points or
press [Enter] to complete)
 Command:
 Trace segment ends are mitered to fit the next
segment.
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The TRACE Command
 The
“problems” with TRACE are
 The
previous trace segment is not drawn on
screen until the next endpoint is specified.
 There is no close option with the TRACE
command.
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Filling Polylines and Traces
The FILL Command
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The FILL Command
 Traces
and polylines can be
 Filled
in, or
 Shown as an outline.
 These
functions are controlled by the FILL
command.
 The
FILL command has two modes, ON and
OFF.
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The FILL Command
 Command:
FILL
 Enter mode [ON/OFF] <current>:
 When
the FILL is on, traces and polylines
appear filled after they are drawn.
 When FILL is off, traces and polylines appear
as outlines, and the corners are mitered.
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The FILL Command
 After
turning FILL off, REGEN to have the fill
removed.
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The FILL Command
 FILL
on
 May
slow down your computer.
 If you have many wide polylines or traces in a
drawing, keep FILL mode turned off.
 This
saves time when redrawing,
regenerating, or plotting a check copy of the
drawing.
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The UNDO Command
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The UNDO Command
 The
UNDO command is different from the
U command.
 The
UNDO command offers several
options that allow you to undo a single
command or a number of commands at
once.
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The UNDO Command
 The
command sequence is as follows:
 Command:
UNDO
 Enter the number of operations to undo or
[Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]:
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The UNDO Command
 The
default option allows you to designate
the number of previous command
sequences you wish to remove.
 If
you enter 1, the previous command
sequence is removed.
 If you enter 2, the previous two command
sequences are removed.
 AutoCAD tells you which commands were
undone with a message after you press
[Enter].
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The UNDO Command
 Command:
UNDO
 Enter the number of operations to undo or
[Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]: 2
 PLINE LINE
 Command:
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The UNDO Command
 There
are several other types of undo
operations that can be performed with the
UNDO command.
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The UNDO Command - Auto Option
 The
Auto option can be turned on or off.
 When
Auto option is on, any commands that
are part of a group and used to perform a
single operation are removed together.
 When a command contains other commands,
all of the commands in that group are
removed as one single command.
 The
Auto option is on by default.
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The UNDO Command - Auto Option
 If
Auto is turned off, each command in a
group of commands is treated individually.
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The UNDO Command - Control Option
 The
Control option allows you to specify
how many of the UNDO command options
you want active.

 You
can even disable the UNDO command
altogether.
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The UNDO Command - Control Option
 To
use the Control option:
 Enter
C after issuing the UNDO command:
 Enter the number of operations to undo or
[Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]: C
 Enter an UNDO control option [All/None/One]
<All>: (enter a control option and press
[Enter])
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The UNDO Command - All Option
 The
All suboption keeps the full range of
UNDO command options active.
 All
is the default setting.
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The UNDO Command - None Option
 The
None suboption disables the U and
UNDO commands.
 When disabled, and the U command is
entered, the following prompt appears:
 Command:
U
 U command disabled. Use UNDO command
to turn it on
 This
prompt indicates how to reactivate
the U and UNDO commands.
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The UNDO Command - Auto Option
 If
you type UNDO at the Command:
prompt, the following appears:
 Command:
UNDO
 Enter an UNDO control option [All/None/One]
<All>:
 To
activate the UNDO options, press
[Enter] for All.
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The UNDO Command - One Option
 Enter
0 for the One suboption.
 This setting limits UNDO to one operation
only.
 Command:
UNDO
 Control/<l>: -i
 LINE
 Everything has been undone Command:
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The Auto Option
 Type
C at the Control/<l>: prompt to
redisplay the Control suboptions.
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The Begin and End Options
 The
BEgin and End options of the UNDO
command are used together to perform
several undo operations at once.
 They allow you to group a series of
commands and treat the entire group as a
single command.
 Once the group is defined, the U
command is then used to remove the
commands that follow the BEgin option
but precede the End option.
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The Begin and End Options
 These
options are useful if you can
anticipate the possible removal of several
commands that are entered consecutively.
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The Begin and End Options
 For
example, to undo the next three
commands:
 Command:
UNDO
 Enter the number of operations to undo or
[Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]: BE
 Command: L or LINE
 Command: PL or PLINEJ
 Command: L or LINE-I
 Command: UNDO
 Enter the number of operations to undo or
[Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]: EJ
 Command: U
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The Begin and End Options
 The
U command undoes the three
commands that were executed in the
previous sequence.
 The BEgin option must precede the
command sequence
 The End option must immediately follow
the last command to be undone.
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The UNDO Mark
 The
UNDO Mark option allows you to
insert a "marker" in the undo file.
 The UNDO Back option then enables you
to delete commands "back" to the marker.
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The UNDO Mark
 If
you do not want certain work to be
undone by the Back option, enter the
Mark option after completing the work:
 Command:
UNDO
 Enter the number of operations to undo or
[Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]: Mj
 Command:
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The UNDO Mark
 If
you decide to remove any work, reissue
the UNDO command and enter the Back
option.
 This will undo everything back to the
marker:
 Command:
UNDO
 Enter the number of operations to undo or
(Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back]: B
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The UNDO Mark
 If
no marks have been entered, this
undoes everything in the entire drawing!
 AutoCAD questions your choice with the
following message:
 This
will undo everything. OK? <Y>:
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The UNDO Mark
 If
you want everything that you have
drawn and edited to be undone, press
[Enter].
 If not, enter N or NO and press [Enter], or
press the [Esc] key.
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The UNDO Mark
 CAUTION
Be very careful when using
the UNDO Back option.
 Entering
this option undoes everything in the
entire drawing.
 You
can bring back what you have undone
if you
 type
REDO at the Command: prompt and
 press [Enter] immediately after using the
UNDO Back option.
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The UNDO Mark
 If
you use any other command, even
REDRAW, after using UNDO Back, the
drawing is lost forever !
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The UNDO Mark
 The
REDO command can be used to
restore commands removed with UNDO.
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The UNDO Mark
 The
UNDO Mark option can be used to
assist in the design process.
 If you are working on a project and have
completed a portion of the design, mark
that spot with the Mark option and then
begin work on the next design phase.
 If anything goes wrong with this part of
the design, use the UNDO Back option to
remove everything back to the mark.
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Multilines
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Drawing Multilines
A
multiline consists of between 1 and 16
parallel lines that act as one line.
 The
lines in the set of multilines are called
elements.
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Drawing Multilines
 Multilines
are commonly used for drawing
 Roads
 Walls
of buildings for architectural plans.
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Drawing Multilines
 The
MLINE command is accessed by:
 Picking
the Multiline button from the Draw
toolbar
 OR
 Picking
Multiline in the Draw pull-down menu
 OR
 Typing
ML or MLINE at the Command:
prompt.
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Drawing Multilines
 Three
commands relate to multilines:
 MLINE.
(ML)
 MLSTYLE.
 MLEDIT.
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Drawing Multilines
 The
MLSTYLE command
 Allows
you to create multilines.
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Drawing Multilines
 The
default multi-line style has:
 Two
elements (lines).
 Continuous line type.
 Is called STANDARD.
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Multiline Justification
 Justification
determines how the resulting
lines are offset.
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Multiline Justification
 Justification
 Can
be specified only once during a single
MLINE command sequence and
 Is based on a counterclockwise rotation
direction.
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Multiline Justification
 The
justification options are
 Top
 Zero
 Bottom
 TOP
is the default
 The
current value remains in effect until
changed.
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Top Justification
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Zero Justification
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Bottom Justification
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Multiline Justification
 To
change the justification
 Enter
J at the first prompt
 Enter the first letter of the desired justification
 Top
 Zero
 Bottom
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Multiline Justification
 The
justification setting is stored in the
AutoCAD CMLJUST system variable.
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Adjusting the Multiline Scale
 The
Scale option controls the multiplier for
the offset values specified in the MLSTYLE
command.
 The
multiplier is stored in the CMLSCALE
system variable.
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Adjusting the Multiline Scale

When the scale is 1, the distance between
multiline elements is equal to 1 times the offset
distance.
 If
the offset distance is 0.5, the distance between
multiline elements is 0.5 when the multiline scale is 1.
 If
the multiline scale is 2, the distance between
multiline elements is 1 (0.5 x 2).
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Adjusting the Multiline Scale
 For
zero justification,
 The
multiline elements are offset 0.5 units on
either side of the definition points picked.
 Example:
If the multiline scale is 2
 Top
and Bottom justification = 2 units offset
 Zero justification = 1 unit and -1 unit offset.
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Setting Your Own Multiline Style
 ML
Command Style option
 Allows
you to specify the current multiline
style.
 The
style must be saved before it can be
accessed.
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Setting Your Own Multiline Style
 Using
saved Multiline styles
 Type:
ML
 Type: ST - to access the style option,
 Type
the known multiline style name.
A
“?” lists all of the names of the multiline
styles.
 Typing a name of a multiline style that does
not exist, the Load multiline style from file
dialog box is displayed
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Setting Your Own Multiline Style
 Multilines
library.
are stored in the acad.mln file
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Setting Your Own Multiline Style
 You
can load the multiline style from
another file (not acad.lin).
 Custom
multilines can be purchased for
AutoCAD.
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Defining Multilines
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Multiline Styles
 Use
the MLSTYLE command to define
multilines.
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Multiline Styles
 The
by:
MLSTYLE command can be accessed
 Picking
the Multiline Style entry in the Format
pull-down menu
 OR
 Typing
MLSTYLE at the Command: prompt.
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Multiline Styles
 The
Multiline options are:
 Current:
 Name:
 Description:
 Load...
Button:
 Save... button.
 Add button.
 Rename button.
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Multiline Styles
 Current:
Text box.
 The
Current: text box makes the specified
multiline style current.
 Specifying a different style changes the
setting of the CMLSTYLE system variable.
 Until
you create a multiline style, the only
style available is STANDARD.
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Multiline Styles
 Name:Text
box.
 This
text box is used to enter the name for a
new style.
 Description:
Text box.
 An
optional description of your multiline style
may be entered in this text box.
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Multiline Styles
 Load...
button.
 This
button allows you to load a multiline style
from an external multiline definition file.
 Save...
 The
button.
Save... button is used to save a style to a
file.
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Multiline Styles
 Add
button.
 Pick
the Add button after entering a multiline
style name in the Name: text box.
 This adds the multiline style name to the list of
defined styles.
 Rename
 Pick
button.
this button to rename a multiline style.
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Creating A Multiline
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Element Properties Dialog Box
 Create
a new multiline style by
 1.
MLStyle
 2. Type name of new multiline
 “NewExample”
 3.
Click ADD
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Multiline Element Properties
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Element Properties Dialog Box
 Elements
Properties Dialog Box contains:
 Elements:
area.
 Add button.
 Delete button.
 Offset text box.
 Color... button.
 Linetype... button.
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Element Properties Dialog Box
 Elements:
 Displays
area.
the current:
 Offset.
 Color
 Linetype
 for
settings
each multiline element.
 Picking
one of the elements highlights the
items for modification.
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Element Properties Dialog Box
 Add
button.
 Add
a new element to the multiline definition.
 Delete
button.
 Deletes
a highlighted item in the Elements:
area.
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Element Properties Dialog Box
 Offset
text box.
 Enter
either a positive or negative offset value
for a highlighted element.
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Element Properties Dialog Box
 Color...
button.
 Accesses
the Select Color dialog box.
 Pick the color you wish to assign to the
highlighted element.
 After picking OK, the new color is displayed in
the image tile next to the Color... button.
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Element Properties Dialog Box
 Linetype...
button.
 Pick
the desired linetype from the Loaded
Linetypes list.
 Linetypes
must be loaded before they can be
used.
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Multiline Properties Options
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 The
Multiline Properties dialog box offers
additional options for customizing multiline
styles.
 Access
by:
 Picking
the Multiline Properties... button in the
Multiline Styles dialog box.
 See Figure 15-12.
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 You
can add the following to multi-line
elements
 Caps.
 Segment
joints.
 Background color.
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 Joints
 Are
lines that
 connect the vertices of adjacent multiline
elements.
 Joints are also called miters.
 Display
joints check box.
 This
check box turns the display of joints on
and off.
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 Caps
 Are
lines that
 Connect the vertices of the beginning or
ending points of the multiline elements.
 Caps
area.
 Controls
the placement of caps on multilines.
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 Caps
can be set at the
 Start
points
 Endpoints
 Both.
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 Arcs
can also be specified.
 Arcs can be set to connect the
 Ends
of the outermost elements only
 Pairs of interior elements
 Both the outer and interior elements.
 The arcs are drawn tangent to the elements
they connect.
 Specifying outermost arcs to be drawn
requires at least two multiline elements.
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 Angle:
Text Box
 Allows
you to change the angle of the caps
relative to the direction of the multiline
elements.
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Multiline Properties Dialog Box
 Fill
area.
 If
the check box labeled On is activated, the
multiline is filled with a solid fill pattern in the
color specified.
 Pick this check box to activate the Color...
button.
 You can leave the color set to BYLAYER or
change it by picking the Color... button.
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Multiline Styles
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Multiline Styles
 MLSTYLE
command
 Displays
the Multiline Styles dialog box.
 Use this box to define, edit, and save multiline
styles.
 Styles
can be saved to an external file so
they can be used in other drawings.
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Editing Multilines
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Editing Multilines
 The
MLEDIT command permits limited
editing operations for multiline objects.
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Editing Multilines
 Access
this command by
 Picking
Multiline... from the Modify pull-down
menu
 OR
 Entering
MLEDIT at the Command: prompt
 OR
 Picking
the Edit Multiline button in the Modify
toolbar.
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Editing Multilines
 The
Multiline Edit Tools dialog box is
displayed.
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Editing Multilines
 The
image buttons give you an example of
what to expect when using each editing
option.
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Editing Intersections
 Pick
a button to create the type of
intersection shown.
 The
name of the MLEDIT option is
displayed in the lower left comer of the
dialog box when you pick an image
button.
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Editing Intersections
 Closed
Cross.
 The
first multiline selected is called the
background. It remains unchanged.
 The second multiline selected is called the
foreground. It remains unchanged.
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Editing Intersections
 Note
that the trimming is apparent, not
actual. ( ! )
 This
means that the line visibility of the
background multiline is changed, but it is
still one multiline.
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Editing Intersections
U
to undo the intersection you have just
made.
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Editing Intersections
 Cross
editing options:
 Closed
Cross.
 Open Cross.
 Merged Cross.
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Editing Tees
 Other
Tee editing options:
 Closed
Tee
 Open Tee.
 Merged Tee.
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Editing Intersections
 Other
options:
 Corner
Joint.
 Add Vertex.
 Delete Vertex.
 Cut
Single.
 Cut All.
 Weld All.
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Editing Intersections
 Corner
Joint.
 Allows
you to create a corner joint between
two multilines.
 The first multiline is trimmed or extended to its
intersection with the second multiline.
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Editing Intersections
 Add
Vertex.
 Adds
a vertex to an existing multiline at the
location you pick.
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Editing Intersections
 Add
Vertex
 The
command sequence differs slightly from
the sequences used with the other MLEDIT
options.
 After you select the Add Vertex option and
pick OK, you are prompted with the following:
 Select mline: (pick a location on the
multilinefor the new vertex)
 Select mline or [Undo]: j
 Command:
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Editing Intersections
 Delete
Vertex.
 The
Delete Vertex option allows you to
remove a vertex from an existing multiline.
 The vertex closest to the location you pick is
deleted.
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