Mon. 5/9/2011
Warm-up

• Take out a sheet of paper
• Groups for station rotations
• At reading stations:
– Identify organ/site, function, external factor, effect on organ/site
• At lab stations:
– Record materials, 2 scenarios, observations of before & after, etc.

• Lab Station 1 :
– Pour water on one sponge
– Pour honey on other sponge
• Lab Station 2 :
– Pour water in one filter
– Pour sandy water in other filter
• Lab Station 3 (at faucet):
– Turn water on, into tube with valves open (blue knob up)
– Turn water on, into tube with valves closed (blue knobs to right)

• Look at your observations from the lab stations and your notes from the reading stations
• In your groups, try matching the scenarios: each lab station to its partner reading station
• Take notes on your matches and the reason for pairing them

• Have your matches ready and your reasons prepared
• In your groups, you will be presenting your matches to the class and defending them

Tues. 5/10/2011
Review

• Take out sheet of paper
• For each of the 3 categories (alcohol smoking, drugs), write some facts, statistics, key words/vocabulary, and diseases

A depressant – substances that diminish functional activity, usually by depressing(slowing) the nervous system
Examples of other depressants:
•sedatives
•opiates

•Alcohol is absorbed by the stomach, enters the bloodstream and all body tissues
•The effects depend on a person’s age, weight, sex, food intake, and amount consumed
•Effects include: disinhibition, dizziness, slurred speech, nausea, vomiting, impaired judgment/coordination, & aggressive behaviors, alcohol poisoning (death)

•Brain damage
•Stroke
•Addiction
•Severe withdrawal
(seizures, tremors, hallucinations)
•Heart disease
•Stomach ulcers
•Liver disease
•Cancer
•Impotence/infertility

• 11 million American youth under the age of 21 drink alcohol
• Alcohol is the most frequently used drug by high school seniors, and its use is increasing
• Underage drinking is a factor in nearly half of all teen automobile crashes, the leading cause of death among teenagers
• Alcohol use contributes to youth suicides, homicides and fatal injuries – the leading cause of death among youth after auto crashes
• Alcohol abuse is linked to as many as two-thirds of all sexual assaults and date rapes of teens and college students
Alcohol Video

• About 47 million adults in the US smokeeven though ½ of these users will experience death or disability because of it!
• Cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of premature death in the US
• Each year 430,000 Americans die from smoking
• 1 in 5 deaths in the US is smoking related

• 10 million people have died from causes attributed to smoking (heart disease, emphysema)
– 2 million were from lung cancer
• Smoking TRIPLES the risk of dying from heart disease
• Smokers die about seven years earlier than non-smokers

• 80% of adult smokers state that they starting smoking before the age of 18. (you must be 18 in order to purchase cigarettes legally!)
• Every day, nearly 3000 young people become regular smokers

• Stains the teeth
• Reduces the body’s ability to taste and smell
• Increases wrinkling of skin

Healthy! (non-smoker)
(smoker)
Not Healthy!

• Cigarette smoke contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are known to cause cancer. Smoking is directly responsible for approximately 90 percent of lung cancer deaths
• About 8.6 million people in the U.S. have at least one serious illness caused by smoking
• The list of diseases caused by smoking includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, abdominal aortic aneurysm, acute myeloid leukemia, cataract, pneumonia, periodontitis, and bladder, esophageal, laryngeal, lung, oral, throat, cervical, kidney, stomach, and pancreatic cancers. Smoking is also a major factor in a variety of other conditions and disorders, including slowed healing of wounds, infertility, and peptic ulcer disease
• In 2007, 20 percent of high school students were current smokers.
Over 6 percent of middle school students were current smokers in
2006
• Secondhand smoke, known human carcinogen, responsible for approximately 3,400 lung cancer deaths and 46,000 heart disease deaths in adult nonsmokers annually in the United States.
Smoking Video

• Brain chemicals are released that give
“good” feelings to insure survival (eating, positive self-esteem, sexual behavior)
• Dopamine is the brain’s “pleasure” chemical
• Addictive drugs affect this system in our brain

Have 4 main parts:
• Central body: directs ALL the nerve’s activity
• Dendrites: receive message and relay to cell body
• Axons: Send messages to dendrites
• Myelin: increases transmission rate from
2 m/s to 120 m/s
What happens if the Myelin sheath is damaged by drugs?

• Where axons & dendrites “touch” (kinda)
• Chemicals called neurotransmitters are released from axons to dendrite
• “Key/Lock” bond (each has unique fit)
• Drugs can:
MIMIC (copy) the effect of a neurotransmitter
BLOCK receptors
- Cause OVERPRODUCTION of neurotransmitters

• 21.8 million Americans (8.7%) aged 12 or older were current (past month) users of illicit drugs in 2009
• Of the 21.8 million Americans aged 12 or older who were current users of illicit drugs in 2009, 16.7 million (77%) were current users of marijuana, making it the most commonly used illicit drug
• Cocaine abusers can experience acute cardiovascular or cerebrovascular emergencies, such as a heart attack or stroke, which may cause sudden death
• Long-term methamphetamine abuse has many negative health consequences, including extreme weight loss, severe dental problems, anxiety, confusion, insomnia, mood disturbances, paranoia, delusions and violent behavior
• One study in primates showed that exposure to MDMA (Ecstasy) for only 4 days caused damage to serotonin nerve terminals that was still present 6 to 7 years later
Drug Video

• Come up with an anti ad for only one of the 3 (alcohol, smoking, drugs)
• Need to have:
– At least 1 fact
– At least 1 statistic
– Slogan
– Picture/drawing
– Creativity