Leisure Service
Providers
Voluntary Sector 志願性部門
Voluntary Sector
Functions功能: enabling and
coordinating roles
Funding財源: contribution by the
public/members and government
subsidy
Issue議題: blurring between
commercial and voluntary
organizations
Two Perceptions
A body of volunteers志工: people
doing unpaid work in their own leisure
time, using their energy, skills, and
often their money because it gives
satisfaction and because they want to,
p. 164
Volunteering 志工主義: giving services
to others
Not-for-profit providers: a collection of
societies, charities, associations,
organizations and clubs of many
kinds…with leisure and recreation a
significant element 休閒與遊憩為一重
要元素
p. 164-165
Social capital社會資本: 社會網絡(social
networks)之間的連結connections, is a
core concept in business, economics,
organizational behavior, political
science, and sociology. The core idea
“that social networks have value 價值.
Girlguiding – the UK’s largest voluntary
organization for girls and young
women
Volunteers 義工
Four types of volunteering: p. 166
Altruistic 利他主義as giving of time
and effort unselfishly to help others
Market 市場導向as giving something
freely, but expecting something in
return
Cause-serving volunteering as
promoting a cause in which one
believes
Leisure as primarily seeking a leisure
experience – serious leisure認真休閒
（持續參與志願性組織）, p. 167
Serious Leisure 認真休閒
The systematic pursuit系統性追求 of an
amateur, hobbyist, or volunteer activity that
participants find so substantial and
interesting that, in the typical case, they
launch themselves on a career centered on
acquiring and expressing its special skills技能,
knowledge知識, and experience
Casual Leisure 閒逸
The immediatelyintrinsically rewarding,
relatively short-lived pleasurable
activity requiring little or no special
training to enjoy it – play, relaxation,
passive/active entertainment, sociable
conversation, and sensory stimulation
(sex, eating, drinking)
Community Benefits社區
效益 by Volunteers
Shared learning
Contribute to community
Development of camaraderie, feeling
connected to community
Enhancement of individual knowledge
about the community, p. 167
Dimensions向度 of
volunteer
Free choice
Remuneration
Structure
Intended beneficiaries
p. 167
Volunteers provide essential assistance
in schools, arts, sports, library,
museums, events, youth and
community organizations

Clubs / Association
Management俱樂部管理
All the clubs tend to be exclusive
Clubs are not static, but changing,
organizations p. 169
Clubs display similarities in behavior
Clubs are dependent on support
services such as premises
Range of Voluntary
Organizations
Table 10.2 p. 170
The disadvantaged groups弱勢團體
Activity groups
Educational organizations
Consumer groups
Counseling organizations
Religious
The range of organizations is wide and
diversified
Economic value of formal volunteering
義工的經濟價值
Engaging in the Public
and Private
Joint arrangements聯合, p. 172
Private and voluntary
Voluntary and public
Private and public
National Funding Bodies
Volunteering in Sports
and Arts運動與藝術志工
Sports promotion
Arts
Issues regarding
volunteers相關議題
Not enough people p. 175
Work being increasingly left to a few
people
Coaching training
Professionalism within clubs
Legislative change (safety) 
Junior development
Attracting sponsorship and funding
Volunteers need?
Have a key role in UK sport, they need:
Assistance to help motivation,
retention and recruitment
Ongoing support
Opportunities for training and
development
Charities and Leisure
Trusts慈善信託 p. 179
一組織要被認定為慈善的標準如下:
The relief of poverty 會
The advancement of education
The advancement of religion
Other purposes beneficial to the
p. 179
the Recreational Charities Act, 1958
Provide or help to provide facilities for
recreation or other leisure-time
occupation, but the facilities must be
provided “in the interest of social
welfare
Role of local authority
Trusteeship
Coordinate
Support
Change to charities
p. 184
p. 185
官股及財務補助
Local authority controlled companies
Arm’s length companies
Local authority influenced companies
Factors for Company
Recreation 公司遊憩
The provision of private facilities for the
workforce as private individuals p.
186
Philanthropy
Fitness for work
Reduction in staff turnover
Company image
Employee pressure
p. 188
Joint-provision between industry and
local authorities for use by both
employees and the community
How much in Taiwan?