I. BACKGROUND
A. COUNTRY AND POPULATION
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And
TOTAL LAND AREA – 1.13 MILLION SQ. KM.
TOTAL POP. SIZE 77.13 MILLION IN JULY 2007
POPULATION IN RURAL – 85%
DEPENDS ON SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE
FOLLOWS FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT
- nine regional states
- one administrative council
- one city administration
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73 zones/provinces
737 weredas/districts
over 20,000 peasant associations
about 80,000 enumeration areas
B. AGRICULTURE
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Means of livelihood for 85% of population
Accounts 46% of the GDP
Employs 85% of the labor force
Generates 85% of commodity export
Provides raw materials for 70% of large & medium scale
industries
Hence, govt. put in place a new economic
policy in 1991“Agriculture Development Led Industrialization (ADLI)”
And this demands a comprehensive and up to date agricultural
data for effective implementation of development programs.
II. ORGANIZATION OF STATISTICAL
SERVICES IN ETHIOPIA
A. BACKGROUND
Prior to 1957, no coordinating body for
statistical work
Data compiled on ad- hoc basis by different
ministries
 IN 1957, the First Five Year Plan was drafted
(1957- 1962
 Oct. 1959 – the first Conference of African
Statisticians was held in A.A.
This initiated the creation of coordinated and
systematic statistical service
B. ESTABLISHEMENT OF THE CENTRAL STATISTICAL
OFFICE
 June 1960, CSO started functioning as a statistical
unit in the then Ministry of Commerce
 January 1963, CSO was established as an
independent office and the regular stat. activities
became its mandate
 1970, Issuance of Statistical Law and 1972 some
amendments:
In accordance with the Law, CSA is responsible to
 Collect, organize, publish and disseminate statistical data
 Render statistical service
 Assist govt. organs and regional administration to matters
pertaining to the collection, organization, analysis and
preparation of publication and dissemination of stat. data
 1987, upgraded to a level of Authority named CSA under MEDaC
 1989, restructured to an Agency under MoFED
C. ROLE OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT (MoARD)
 Under Proc. No. 41/1993
 Undertakes studies and research, collect and compile
statistical data
 Give assistance and advice to regional Agricultural
Bureaus
 Through the Development Agents of the regional
bureaus, collects and compiles agricultural data
related to its development activities
 2-3 Agricultural Development Agents are assigned in
each Peasant Association( about 49,000 DAs are
available)
III. FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS
SERVICE
3.1 Agricultural Market Information System
 CSA conducts monthly retail prices and producers’
sample survey
 Major groups of items covered are
 food
 Drinks
 Tobacco
 Stimulants
 Household equipment
 Etc.
 Using monthly survey data, quarterly statistical report and
monthly country and regional levels consumer price
indices has been produced
3.2 Agricultural Surveys and Censuses
 Prior to 1974
 Agricultural data inadequate with respect to
 Coverage
 Timeliness
 Reliability
 Data collection activity was uncoordinated
 different institutions were involved, such as CSO,
MoA, Ethiopian Grain Board, National Coffee Board,
etc.
 Ad-hoc data collection
 During 1974-1979
 MoA was involved in conducting agricultural sample
surveys on crop and livestock statistics
 FAO provided some technical assistance
 Six nation wide agricultural sample surveys were
conducted
 the survey data content and coverage has shown
significant improvement compared to previous
attempts
 Data on – crop area and production
- livestock
- farm buildings and implements were
collected, compiled and disseminated
 1980-2001
 In 1980, collecting, compiling and dissemination of food and
agricultural statistics activities, with the manpower and
logistical resources in the MoA was transferred to CSO
 The same year, the National Integrated Household Survey
Program was initiated by CSA with the assistance of
FAO/UNDP and UNCEF
 Under Integrated System of Food and Agricultural Statistics
Program (ISFASP), efforts have been made to produce timely
and reliable food and agricultural data
 The NIHSP paved the way for the establishment of a
permanent annual statistical survey program
 During this period 21 Agri. Sample Surveys were conducted
 The annual agri. surveys include
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the Crop Product Forecast Sample Survey
the Main Season Sample Survey
the Livestock Sample Survey
and the Belg Season Sample Survey
CONT.
 Based on these surveys, the following statistical
reports have been produced and disseminated :
• Crop Production Forecast (November)
• Volume I: Area and Production of Temporary
Crops- main season (April)
• Volume II: Livestock, Poultry and Beehives
Statistics (February)
• Volume III: From Management Practices-Main
Season (May)
• Volume IV: Land Utilization (May)
• Volume V: Area Production and Yield of
Temporary Crops-Belg Season (August)
• Volume VI: Farm Management Practices-Belg
Season (August)
 Limitations of the Sample surveys
 Subject coverage
 Survey excludes vegetables, root crops and perennial
crops
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Area coverage
 excludes pastoralist areas
 excludes agricultural activities in urban centres
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Sector coverage
 Large and Medium Scale Commercial Farms were not
included
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Reporting domain
 The reporting domains are zones (provinces) and not able
to produce results at wereda (district) level because of
limitation in sample size
 2001 – to date
i) The 2001/02 Ethiopian Agricultural Sample Enumeration
- is the first ever for the country
- since then it has been serving as benchmark data
Subject coverage
- all crops including vegetables, root crops and
perennial crops
Area coverage
- cover both the sedentary and pastoralist areas
- cover the agricultural activities in the urban areas
Sector coverage
- both private peasant and large and medium
scale commercial farms
Reporting domain
- weredas/districts were the reporting domains
ii) Annual Agri. Sample Surveys since 2001/02
- regarding subject and sector coverage, similar to the 2001/02 EASE
- sedentary and semi-pastoralist areas are coverd
- zones/provinces are the reporting domain
3.3 Food consumption statistics
 Since 1980, three National Household Income,
Consumption and Expenditure sample surveys have been
conducted
 the latest was in 2004/05
 The result have been used for analyzing the changes in the
levels of living standards of households overtime in various
socio-economic groups
3.4 Early Warning and Food Crops Forecasting System
 Moard, Regional Agriculture Bureaus and DPPA are
involved in crop assessment and monitoring
 The NMA also involved in providing agro-met information
 CSA, through the crop production forecast survey, provides
data on expected crop production for the govt. prior to
harvest
IV. STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES AND CONSTRAINTS
OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM
4.1 Strengths
since 1980, permanent statistical system
 apply a technically sound sample design for the
various socio-economic surveys including
agriculture (two-stage stratified cluster sampling)
 application of objective measurement for area
and productivity)
 strong and well distributed statistical branch
offices to facilitate data collection at field level
 efficient application of the available data
processing technology
 start establishing networking and database
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4.2 Weaknesses and Constraints
 lack of methodology/technique to produce
 food and agri. Data at lower administrative level
 weak coordination among data producing
institutions
 incomplete dependable conversion
coefficients for local measurement units
 difficulty in constructing appropriate sampling
frame for pastoralist areas
 weak system in the development of fisheries,
forestry and environment statistics
V. RECENT DEVELOPMENT
 Increase cooperation with regional and federal
stakeholder institutions
 Start pilot exercise on small area estimation
techniques with technical assistance from FAO/EU
 Start working on the development of area sampling
frame, GIS and satellite imagery application with
technical assistance from FAO
 Progress has been made on developing standard
conversion coefficient for local area and prod.
measurement units
 Network connectivity between CSA HQ. and branch
offices is underway with the support of WB and FAO
THANK YOU