16 - Therapy
If you were a psychologist, what type
of therapy would you prefer? Why?
What is your experience?
A. I have been to a psychotherapist.
B. I have considered going to see a
psychotherapist.
C. I have never been, nor have I
considered going to a
psychotherapist.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon, 2009
Have you , or someone you know, been to a
psychotherapist
(psychologist, psychiatrist etc.)?
A. Yes
B. No
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon, 2009
Class presentation video:
Therapy
What topics do you need help with?
What topics do you need help with?
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•
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•
•
A. Psychoanalysis
B. Client-centered therapy
C. Behavior therapy
D. Active listening
E. I understand
What topics do you need help with?
•
•
•
•
•
A. Systematic desensitization
B. Aversive conditioning
C. A token economy
D. Cognitive therapy
E. I understand
What topics do you need help with?
•
•
•
•
•
A. Family therapy
B. Regression to the mean
C. The placebo effect
D. Electroconvulsive therapy
E. I understand
While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that had
been bothering her recently, Jenny was instructed by
her therapist to report any ideas or memories
stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny’s therapist was
making use of a technique known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
active listening.
free association.
systematic desensitization.
transference.
While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that had
been bothering her recently, Jenny was instructed by
her therapist to report any ideas or memories
stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny’s therapist was
making use of a technique known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
active listening.
free association.
systematic desensitization.
transference.
Humanistic therapies differ from
psychoanalytic therapies in all of the
following ways, EXCEPT:
A. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to
encourage the client to take immediate
responsibility for feelings.
B. humanistic therapists are more oriented to the
present and future, rather than the past.
C. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to
emphasize unconscious processes.
D. humanistic therapists are more growth-oriented.
Humanistic therapies differ from
psychoanalytic therapies in all of the
following ways, EXCEPT:
A. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to
encourage the client to take immediate
responsibility for feelings.
B. humanistic therapists are more oriented to the
present and future, rather than the past.
C. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to
emphasize unconscious processes.
D. humanistic therapists are more growth-oriented.
McKenzie’s therapist believes that active
listening is an extremely important component
of therapy. He is probably a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
psychoanalyst.
cognitive therapist.
behavior therapist.
client-centered therapist.
McKenzie’s therapist believes that active
listening is an extremely important component
of therapy. He is probably a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
psychoanalyst.
cognitive therapist.
behavior therapist.
client-centered therapist.
Client-centered therapists
emphasize the importance of:
A. exploring clients’ childhood relationships
with other family members.
B. interpreting the meaning of clients’
nonverbal behaviors.
C. enabling clients to feel unconditionally
accepted.
D. helping clients identify a hierarchy of
anxiety-arousing experiences.
Client-centered therapists
emphasize the importance of:
A. exploring clients’ childhood relationships
with other family members.
B. interpreting the meaning of clients’
nonverbal behaviors.
C. enabling clients to feel unconditionally
accepted.
D. helping clients identify a hierarchy of
anxiety-arousing experiences.
A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of
water by getting her to swim in the family’s
backyard pool three times a day for two
consecutive weeks. The therapist’s approach to
helping Rebecca best illustrates:
A.
B.
C.
D.
stress inoculation training.
aversive conditioning.
exposure therapy.
humanistic therapy.
A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of
water by getting her to swim in the family’s
backyard pool three times a day for two
consecutive weeks. The therapist’s approach to
helping Rebecca best illustrates:
A.
B.
C.
D.
stress inoculation training.
aversive conditioning.
exposure therapy.
humanistic therapy.
A cognitive therapist would be most
likely to say:
A. “That sounds quite frustrating. It isn’t easy
to be in a situation like that.”
B. “Can you think of a more positive
interpretation of what happened?”
C. “Just say whatever comes to mind, no matter
how trivial or irrelevant it might seem.”
D. “Next time you start to feel anxious, you can
use the relaxation techniques we’ve been
working on.”
A cognitive therapist would be most
likely to say:
A. “That sounds quite frustrating. It isn’t easy
to be in a situation like that.”
B. “Can you think of a more positive
interpretation of what happened?”
C. “Just say whatever comes to mind, no matter
how trivial or irrelevant it might seem.”
D. “Next time you start to feel anxious, you can
use the relaxation techniques we’ve been
working on.”
For which of the following disorders is
psychotherapy most likely to be
effective in the long run?
A.
B.
C.
D.
generalized anxiety disorder
major depressive disorder
chronic schizophrenia
phobias
For which of the following disorders is
psychotherapy most likely to be
effective in the long run?
A.
B.
C.
D.
generalized anxiety disorder
major depressive disorder
chronic schizophrenia
phobias
Researchers have sought to answer the question,
“Does psychotherapy work?” Generally
speaking, the answer seems to be:
A. yes, people in therapy improve more than people in
control groups.
B. yes, but people in therapy improve at the same rate as
people who are receiving placebo treatments.
C. no, therapy does not provide any benefits; people who
just let time pass improve at the same rate as people in
therapy.
D. no one really knows, because so far the only method
used to answer this question has been interviewing
former therapy clients.
Researchers have sought to answer the question,
“Does psychotherapy work?” Generally
speaking, the answer seems to be:
A. yes, people in therapy improve more than people in
control groups.
B. yes, but people in therapy improve at the same rate as
people who are receiving placebo treatments.
C. no, therapy does not provide any benefits; people who
just let time pass improve at the same rate as people in
therapy.
D. no one really knows, because so far the only method
used to answer this question has been interviewing
former therapy clients.
The effectiveness of psychotherapy
shows little if any connection to:
A. the level of training and experience of the
therapist.
B. the length of time a client has experienced
symptoms of disorder prior to therapy.
C. the particular disorder experienced by a
client.
D. the extent to which the process depends on
changing clients’ personalities.
The effectiveness of psychotherapy
shows little if any connection to:
A. the level of training and experience of the
therapist.
B. the length of time a client has experienced
symptoms of disorder prior to therapy.
C. the particular disorder experienced by a
client.
D. the extent to which the process depends on
changing clients’ personalities.
The placebo effect best illustrates the
importance of _______ in therapeutic success.
A.
B.
C.
D.
active listening
psychopharmacology
behavior modification
cognitive processes
The placebo effect best illustrates the
importance of _______ in therapeutic success.
A.
B.
C.
D.
active listening
psychopharmacology
behavior modification
cognitive processes
If a therapist tells a client, “Rank order
the things that frighten you from least to
most,” the therapist is most likely
practicing:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freudian therapy.
systematic desensitization.
Gestalt therapy.
token economy.
If a therapist tells a client, “Rank order
the things that frighten you from least to
most,” the therapist is most likely
practicing:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freudian therapy.
systematic desensitization.
Gestalt therapy.
token economy.
Jon’s therapist laces his alcoholic drink with a
drug that makes Jon sick. After getting sick a
few times, just the sight of the drink makes Jon
nauseous. In this example, the conditioned
stimulus is the:
A.
B.
C.
D.
drug.
alcohol.
nauseous response to the drug.
nauseous response to the sight of the drink.
Jon’s therapist laces his alcoholic drink with a
drug that makes Jon sick. After getting sick a
few times, just the sight of the drink makes Jon
nauseous. In this example, the conditioned
stimulus is the:
A.
B.
C.
D.
drug.
alcohol.
nauseous response to the drug.
nauseous response to the sight of the drink.
Your therapist asks you to try to remember
your dreams. He also encourages you to review
incidents in early childhood. Your therapist is
most likely practicing:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freudian therapy.
cognitive therapy.
behavior therapy.
humanistic therapy.
Your therapist asks you to try to remember
your dreams. He also encourages you to review
incidents in early childhood. Your therapist is
most likely practicing:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freudian therapy.
cognitive therapy.
behavior therapy.
humanistic therapy.
Samuel receives some very bad news,
and feels quite low. As time passes, you
would expect:
A. his emotions to return to their usual state.
B. his emotions to stay low until something unusually
good happens to him.
C. him to become much happier than usual, since people
typically bounce back and forth between emotional
extremes.
D. him to stay emotionally low unless he goes in for
psychotherapy.
Samuel receives some very bad news,
and feels quite low. As time passes, you
would expect:
A. his emotions to return to their usual state.
B. his emotions to stay low until something unusually
good happens to him.
C. him to become much happier than usual, since people
typically bounce back and forth between emotional
extremes.
D. him to stay emotionally low unless he goes in for
psychotherapy.
A man has a fear of heights. A therapist who uses the
technique called "flooding" would
1. Encourage him to think of other things.
2. Take him to the top of a mountain.
3. Present him with many relaxing stimuli at one time.
4. Probe the origins of this fear in early childhood.
Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education
A man has a fear of heights. A therapist who uses the
technique called "flooding" would
1. Encourage him to think of other things.
2. Take him to the top of a mountain.
3. Present him with many relaxing stimuli at one time.
4. Probe the origins of this fear in early childhood.
Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education
A behaviorist decides that the best way to cure his client’s
alcohol addiction is to place a drug in his alcohol that
causes nausea, and then have the client drink the alcohol.
This is an example of what type of technique?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Flooding
Aversion therapy
Systematic desensitization
Counter-conditioning
Extinction
Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education
A behaviorist decides that the best way to cure his client’s
alcohol addiction is to place a drug in his alcohol that
causes nausea, and then have the client drink the alcohol.
This is an example of what type of technique?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Flooding
Aversion therapy
Systematic desensitization
Counter-conditioning
Extinction
Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education
Behavioral therapies are best suited for what type of
psychological disorder?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Schizophrenia
Depression
Phobias
Personality disorders
Dissociative identity disorder
Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education
Behavioral therapies are best suited for what type of
psychological disorder?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Schizophrenia
Depression
Phobias
Personality disorders
Dissociative identity disorder
Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education
Amanda’s therapist suggests that her depression
results from mistakenly blaming herself rather
than a slumping economy for her recent job loss.
Her therapist’s suggestion best illustrates a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
DSM-IV diagnosis.
psychoanalytic perspective.
medical model.
social-cognitive perspective.
Amanda’s therapist suggests that her depression
results from mistakenly blaming herself rather
than a slumping economy for her recent job loss.
Her therapist’s suggestion best illustrates a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
DSM-IV diagnosis.
psychoanalytic perspective.
medical model.
social-cognitive perspective.
If your psychologist believes that
psychological disorders can be diagnosed,
treated, and cured through the use of
standard tools, techniques, and medications,
she is most likely looking at psychological
disorders from which perspective?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the medical perspective
the psychoanalytic perspective
the optimistic perspective
the bio-social perspective
If your psychologist believes that
psychological disorders can be diagnosed,
treated, and cured through the use of
standard tools, techniques, and medications,
she is most likely looking at psychological
disorders from which perspective?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the medical perspective
the psychoanalytic perspective
the optimistic perspective
the bio-social perspective
Discussion Question
Compare and contrast the following forms of
psychotherapy: cognitive, humanistic, and behavioral.
Identify the focus of each approach as well as areas of
agreement and difference.
• Top Priority
• Comparing and contrasting instead of just
listing each form of psychotherapy separately.
• Second Priority
• Accurately describing each form of
psychotherapy including agreement and
difference.
• Cognitive
– Thoughts cause abnormal behavior
– Changing unrealistic thoughts is the intervention
• Humanistic
– Emphasizes empowering the person
– Self-growth with therapist help
– Unconditional positive regard
• Behavioral
– Uses (classical & operant conditioning) to eliminate
difficult behavior
• Agreement
– All approach the person in a supportive manner
– None focus on the past early childhood
• Disagreement
– Cognitive therapy focuses on thoughts, whereas
behavior therapy focuses on only behavior
– Cognitive and behavioral are more specific,
whereas humanistic is more general.