Sexually transmitted diseases
Increasing due to:
Increasing sexual activity
 Multiple sexual partners
 Use of birth control pills

–
Increases the chance of contracting an STD
Frequency of STD’s

50% by age 30-35
Chlamydia
Most common bacterial STD in US
 Often no symptoms in men and women
 Female symptoms

–
–

Urethritis, cervicitis
PID
Male Burning urination
Increasing risk for women &
chlamydia
Oral contraceptives
 Douching

Syphilis - Cause

Treponema Pallidium
Syphilis - symptoms

Primary stage - Painless sore
Syphilis - symptoms

Primary stage - Painless sore
Syphilis - symptoms

Primary stage - Painless sore
Syphilis - symptoms

Secondary stage - skin rash
Syphilis - symptoms
Third (Tertiary) stage
 No symptoms
 Death or blindness

Latent syphilis passed on to the
fetus:
Gonorrhea

Bacterial infection
Gonorrhea

Symptoms (in males)
–
–

Burning urination
Cloudy discharge
Symptoms (in women)
–
Most women unaware of primary symptoms
Gonorrhea

“Short-arm “ inspection
–
“milking” penis for suspicious discharge
Gonorrhea - diagnosis
Herpes
20% - 25% of population infected
 Type I & II

–
Oral herpes transmitted through kissing
Transmitted during asymptomatic periods
 Will not pass through latex condoms

Herpes symptoms

Prodromal symptoms
–

Itching or burning
Regular symptoms
–
Blisters
Herpes - Blisters
Herpes treatment
No cure
 Treatment with Zovirax

Pubic lice

Symptoms
–
Itching in the pubic area
Pubic Lice

Treatment
Genital Warts
Most prevalent STD in the U.S.
 Virus

Genital warts - Treatment
No cure, but will often subside by itself.
 Related to cervical cancer
 Treatment – Gardasil vaccine

Gardasil Vaccine
–
–




For girls and women 9 to 26 years old
Most effective if given before sexual activity begins
Protects against 2 high risk strains of HPV causing
70% of cervical cancers
Protects against 2 low risk strains responsible for
90% of genital warts
Even if you have been exposed to one strain, the
vaccine can protect against other strains
Women should get this vaccine!
–
(personal opinion)
HIV
Heterosexual transmission increasing
 Incubation period

–
8 - 11 years
Increasing faster among women than men
 Symptoms most commonly associates with
other types of illnesses. E.g. the flu (in early
stages).

Avoiding HIV
Avoid IV drugs
 Avoid anal intercourse
 Avoid intercourse during menstruation
 Avoid male or female prostitutes

HIV virus found in:
Vaginal secretions
 Blood
 Semen
 Saliva
 Urine
 Breast milk

Safer Sex



Tell partner about your previous sexual history
Carry & use latex condoms every time
Use a water based lubricant (e.g.” KY”)
–

Oil based lubricants damage latex condoms
Use spermicidal foams, jellies or creams
–
–
–
Some spermicides kill some STD germs
Apply inside the tip of the condom
Apply inside the vagina
Condom use
Unroll the condom directly onto the erect
penis
 Store in a cool dry place
 Withdraw after ejaculation while still erect
(hold the base of the condom to prevent
slippage).

STD’s and the Pill

Being on the pill increases your chances to
almost 100%
Chronic vaginitis and the pill

Being on the pill increases your chances of
having chronic vaginitis.