A Global Health Perspective
Population: 39.5 million
Demographics
0-14 years of age : 44%
15-64 years of age : 54%
>65 years of age : 2.8%
Median age : 17 years
GDP per Capita $730
(Standard International Dollars per person per year)
Life expectancy at birth m/f (years): 48/50
Number of children who die before they
turn 5 years old = 122 per 1,000 live births
United States:
Tanzania:
Total population: 298,213,000
Total population: 38,329,000
Gross national income per capita (PPP
international $): 41,950
Gross national income per capita (PPP
international $): 730
Life expectancy at birth m/f (years):
75/80
Life expectancy at birth m/f (years): 48/50
Healthy life expectancy at birth m/f
(years, 2002): 67/71
Probability of dying under five (per 1
000 live births): 8
Probability of dying between 15 and 60
years m/f (per 1 000 population): 137/81
Total expenditure on health per capita
(Intl $, 2004): 6,096
Total expenditure on health as % of
GDP (2004): 15.4
Figures are for 2005 unless indicated.
Source: World Health Statistics 2007
Healthy life expectancy at birth m/f
(years, 2002): 40/41
Probability of dying under five (per 1 000
live births): 122
Probability of dying between 15 and 60
years m/f (per 1 000 population): 541/505
Total expenditure on health per capita
(Intl $, 2004): 29
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP
(2004): 4.0
Figures are for 2005
Language
Kiswahili or Swahili (official),
Kiunguja (name for Swahili in
Zanzibar),
English (official, primary language
of commerce, administration, and
higher education), Arabic (widely
spoken in Zanzibar), many local
languages
Religion
mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim
35%, indigenous beliefs 35%;
Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim
Literacy 69% of those over 15 can read and
write in either Swahili or English
Households below the poverty line : 36%
Maternal mortality ratio
(MMR): 578 per 100 000 live
births
Neonatal mortality ratio at 32
per 1 000 live births
Infant mortality rate is
estimated at 68 per 1 000 live
births
19.3% of children are
underweight and 31.1% are
stunted in some districts
AIDS in Tanzania
HIV Prevalence (15-49
years) : 7.7%
Number of People living with
HIV/AIDS: 1.2m – 2.3m
Number of People receiving
antiretroviral therapy (ART):
20,000
Number who need ART :
320,000
TB in Tanzania
A national emergency 2006
TB/HIV collaborative care is
under implementation
Malaria in Tanzania
Plamodium falciparum
Plasmodium vivax
Chloroquine and SP resistance reported
In 2004:
10.7 million reported cases
14,156 deaths from malaria
History of the United Republic of Tanzania
26th April 1964
The United Republic of Tanzania was formed out of the union of two
sovereign states namely Tanganyika and Zanzibar.
Tanganyika became a sovereign state on 9th December, 1961 and
became a Republic the following year.
Zanzibar became independent on 10th December, 1963 and the People's
Republic of Zanzibar was established after the revolution of 12th January,
1964.
The two sovereign republics formed the United Republic of Tanzania on
26th April, 1964. However, the Government of the United Republic of
Tanzania is a unitary republic consisting of the Union Government and the
Zanzibar Revolutionary Government
See you in Tanzania!
Tanzania
Global Impact/SCCD
Service Learning Tour
August 21 through
September 6. 2008
Arusha
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Arusha is a city of northern Tanzania surrounded by some of Africa's most
famous landscapes and national parks. Beautifully situated below Mount
Meru on the eastern edge of the eastern branch of the Great Rift Valley, it
has a pleasant climate and is close to Serengeti, Ngorongoro Crater, Lake
Manyara, Olduvai Gorge, Tarangire National Park, and Mount Kilimanjaro,
as well as having its own Arusha National Park on Mount Meru.
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Arusha is the capital of the Arusha Region and has a population of 270,485
(2002 census).
Climate of Arusha
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Despite its closeness to the equator, Arusha's elevation of 1400 m on the
southern slopes of Mount Meru keeps temperatures down and alleviates
humidity. Cool dry air is prevalent for much of the year. The temperature
ranges between 13 and 30 degrees Celsius with an average around 25
degrees. It has distinct wet and dry seasons, and experiences an eastern
prevailing wind from the Indian Ocean, a couple of hundred miles east.
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Arusha is considered to be one of the best African cities when it comes to
great weather and tourism combined.
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Almost within the entire city; if you go north you will be going up hill, and
going south is always down hill.
Industry & Economy
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The primary industry of the region is agricultural, with large vegetable and
flower producers sending high-quality produce to Europe. Small-scale
agriculture was badly hit by the coffee crisis of recent years and is now
largely subsistence farming.
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Arusha has several factories including a brewery, tire and fiberboard plant,
and a large pharmaceutical maker. Arusha is the only home for expensive
jewelry called Tanzanite which currently has been produced in high capacity
by big companies. It seems as though many locals do not profit from these
mines even though they create some employment; many South African
companies have taken advantage of Tanzanian tax systems to avoid taxes.
Now the government has started to look at these issues in detail.
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One of the principal industries is tourism, with the city playing host to
numerous safari companies, hotels and lodges.
Districts
• Among Arusha's notable districts are the Central
Business Area, located by the Clocktower, Sekei in the
North-West which is largely residential with a vibrant
nightlife, Njiro, a rapidly-growing suburb in the South,
and Tengeru, a lively market-town in the East.
• North of Arusha is a small village called Longido. It is
about 90 minutes north of Arusha by daladala
Culture of Arusha
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Arusha is reputed as being one of the most pleasant cities in the world, due its exquisite, weather,
location, beautiful countryside and lively music scene, notably Tanzanian hip-hop. Mostly
performed in Swahili, with various genres influenced by African American music, locally known as
Bongo Flava. A good example of this genre is the band, X Plastaz, singers like Bushoke, Mr.Blue,
TID etc..
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Arusha is home to many of Tanzania's vivid festivals, the yearly fiesta is hosted by a few
Tanzanian corporate sponsors that attract various artists from around the world. Artists like
Shaggy and Ja rule are just a few of one of the world's most popular artists to perform in the
wondrous city of Arusha.
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Arusha also hosts the annual Arusha nane nane Agricultural show. Nane Nane is one of the many
vibrant public holidays in Tanzania, held on August 8th (the 8th of the 8th month, nane nane
means "eight eight" in Swahili). Nane Nane is marked on August 8th every year where farmers
and other stakeholders exchange knowledge and business. It attracts up to a half million people
every year.
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Arusha is also known for its vibrant night life, with outstanding local night clubs like, Colobus Club
and the Blue Tripple 'A'.
Arusha Trivia
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Arusha is also the Hindi name for the rising sun.
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Arusha's clock tower is supposedly situated at the midpoint between Cairo and Cape Town,
therefore representing the halfway point between the two termini of the old British Empire in
Africa. The clock tower is currently adorned by the logo of the Coca-Cola Company.
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Arusha was the setting for the 1962 film Hatari! directed by Howard Hawks and starring John
Wayne.
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A slang name for the city among locals is "A-Town".
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Princess Margaret visited Arusha in 1956
•
In the video game Halo 3, a highway sign is seen that says "Arusha", though it is crossed out. It
was most likely destroyed by large dinosaurs from the gamma sector planet of Niptuvia.
ARUSHA
population: 270,000
Tengeru Village, Tanzania: Projects
Projects are all located in Tengeru, 20 minutes
from Arusha.
1.
Medical/Dental Project:
public hospital, local dental
clinic outreach
2.
Education: local schools
and organizations: teaching
aide in special needs
elementary school; HIV
awareness
3.
Community Infrastructure:
Sustainable agriculture @
Tengeru Agriculture College;
maintenance and
construction at local school
Tengeru area
(10 miles from Arusha)
Sustainable Agriculture Project-Tengeru Agriculture College
Immunizations/Health
• Visitors from countries infected with cholera and yellow fever must
produce international certificates of vaccination. This is particularly
relevant for those traveling from other African countries.
• The Department of Health recommends vaccinations against
hepatitis A, polio and typhoid. It is essential for visitors to take a
course of malaria prophylaxis.
• Modern medical services are available in Dar es Salaam and other
major centers. There are only a limited number of chemists in the
country, so visitors are advised to bring their own medicines with
them.
Climate
• Coastal areas are hot and humid with an average daytime
temperature of 30ºC. Sea breezes make the climate very pleasant
from June to September. The central plateau experiences hot days
and cool nights. The hilly country between the coast and the
northern highlands has a pleasant climate from January to
September, with temperatures averaging around 20ºC.
• Temperatures vary around Kilimanjaro according to the season,
registering a low 15ºC during May - August rising to 22ºC during
December - March.
For the whole country, the hottest months are from October to
February. The main, long rainy season is from mid-March to May.
What to Take
•
Don't forget the camera, camcorder and binoculars, and take a torch for
finding your way around the camp at night. Stock up with replacement
batteries for all these goods. The main electricity supply is 220V, 50Hz.
Plugs are usually the 13-amp 3-pin square (British) type.
•
Take sun-glasses, hat, sun lotion, lip balm and some insect repellent. It is
better not to get stung, even if you are taking anti-malaria tablets.
A spare pair of glasses or contact lenses is also a good idea.
•
Take plenty of film, it can be difficult to obtain outside the main centers.
While traveler's checks can be exchanged in cities and towns, banking
facilities in remote areas are restricted, so cash is useful too.
Travel Light/What to Wear
• Some safaris / air charters limit baggage to a 10 - 15 kg maximum.
• It never gets really cold in Tanzania, so lightweight clothing is the
norm. On safari, avoid brightly colored clothes, they may alarm the
animals. Browns, beiges and khaki are preferred. Short-sleeve shirts
/ blouses and shorts are ideal, but pack a sweater as it can be a bit
chilly in the early morning and in the evening. Wear a hat to avoid
sun-stroke and don't forget a swimsuit. Shoes should be sensible,
and for climbing Kilimanjaro or Mount Meru, take thermal
underwear, a rain jacket, good socks and sturdy boots. Shorts for
women are acceptable - but not too short. Women should carry a
wrap to cover their legs in towns or villages as revealing clothes can
cause offence, especially in Zanzibar and other Muslim areas. On
the beach, and within the confines of beach hotels, normal
swimwear is acceptable, but nudity certainly is not.
Tipping/Airport Tax
• Not normally obligatory, but a tip for exceptional service a maximum of 10% - will be appreciated. Tip US$15 per
day for drivers or tour guides but remember that an
excessive tip can make it difficult for the next customer.
• An international airport tax of US$100 is levied, which
may be included in the price of an air ticket. Airport tax
for domestic flights is 5,000 TShs (approximately US$5).
Basic Swahili
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Jambo = Hello
Habari yako = how are you (singular)
Habari yenu = how are you (plural)
Mambo = Things (slang how’s things)
Vipi = how is it (slang)
Fiti = fit (fine) or Freshi = fresh (slang fine)
Salaam Aleukum = peace be with you
Aleukum Salaam = and also with you
Shikamo = respectful greeting to elder (put your hand on your heart),
response they will give is Marahaba
Jina langu ni…. = my name is….
Saidia mimi = help me
Ni nataka = I want
Tuende = we go (let’s go)
Haraka = fast
Pole pole = slow
More Swahili Terms…
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Wapi = where (where is it)
Hapa = here
Huko = there
Shika = take
Mpe = give
Sema = say
Choka = tired
Chakula = food
Dawa = medicine
Chooni = toilet
Duka or Dukani = shop or store
Tafadhali = please
Asante = thank you
Mingi = many
Sana = much as in asante sana = thank you very much
Lala = sleep
Kuoga = to bathe or to wash or to swim
Magi = water
Nyumbani = home
Mwanafunzi = student
Mwalimu = teacher
Swahili Language Internet Resources
• http://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi2/2_cult1a.htm
Learn and hear Swahili language
• http://www.ipl.org/div/hello/swahili.html Swahili for kids
• http://www.kenya-travels.com/guide/swahili.htm Swahili
for Travelers
• http://mwanasimba.online.fr/E_index.html Learn Swahili
• http://www.transparent.com/languagepages/swahili/swah
ili.htm More Swahili
• http://www.geocities.com/bujjadu/ Casual site
Tanzania Travel Internet Resources
• http://www.tanzania.go.tz/ National Republic of Tanzania Website
• http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/tanzania/ Lonely Planet
Travel Sit
• http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108028.html Tanzania Info Site
• http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2843.htm US Dept. of State Site