Global summary of the HIV/AIDS epidemic,
December 2001
Number of people living with HIV/AIDS
Total
Adults
Women
Children under 15 years
40 million
37.2 million
17.6 million
2.7 million
People newly infected with HIV in 2001
Total
Adults
Women
Children under 15 years
5 million
4.3 million
1.8 million
800 000
AIDS deaths in 2001
Total
Adults
Women
Children under 15 years
3 million
2.4 million
1.1 million
580 000
00002-E-1 – 1 December 2001
Adults and children estimated to be living
with HIV/AIDS as of end 2001
North America
940 000
Caribbean
420 000
Latin America
1.4 million
Eastern Europe
Western Europe & Central Asia
560 000 1 millionEast Asia & Pacific
North Africa
1 million
South
& Middle East
& South-East Asia
440 000
6.1 million
Sub-Saharan
Africa
28.1 million
Total: 40 million
00002-E-2 – 1 December 2001
Australia
& New Zealand
15 000
Estimated adult and child deaths
from HIV/AIDS during 2001
North America
20 000
Caribbean
30 000
Latin America
80 000
Western Europe
6 800
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
23 000
North Africa
& Middle East
30 000
Sub-Saharan
Africa
35
South
& South-East Asia
000
400 000
2.3 million
Total: 3 million
00002-E-3 – 1 December 2001
East Asia & Pacific
Australia
& New Zealand
120
Children (<15 years) estimated to be living
with HIV/AIDS as of end 2001
North America
10 000
Caribbean
20 000
Latin America
40 000
Western Europe
4 000
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
15 000
North Africa
& Middle East
20 000
sub-Saharan
Africa
East Asia & Pacific
7
South
& South-East Asia
200 000
2.4 million
Total: 2.7 million
00002-E-4 – 1 December 2001
000
Australia
& New Zealand
< 200
About 14 000 new HIV infections a day in 2001

More than 95% are in developing countries

2000 are in children under 15 years of age

About 12 000 are in persons aged 15 to 49 years,
of whom:
— almost 50% are women
— about 50% are 15–24 year olds
00002-E-5 – 1 December 2001
Regional HIV/AIDS statistics and features, end of 2001
Epidemic
started
Adults & children Adults & children
newly infected
living with HIV/AIDS
with HIV
% of HIVMain mode(s) of
Adult
positive
prevalence adults who transmission for those
rate *
are women living with HIV/AIDS **
8.4%
55%
Hetero
28.1 million
3.4 million
North Africa & Middle East
late ’70s
early ’80s
late ’80s
440 000
80 000
0.2%
40%
Hetero, IDU
South and South-East Asia
late ’80s
6.1 million
800 000
0.6%
35%
Hetero, IDU
East Asia & Pacific
late ’80s
1 million
270 000
0.1%
20%
IDU, Hetero, MSM
late ’70s
early ’80s
late ’70s
early ’80s
early ’90s
1.4 million
130 000
0.5%
30%
MSM, IDU, Hetero
420 000
60 000
2.2%
50%
Hetero, MSM
1 million
250 000
0.5%
20%
IDU
late ’70s
early ’80s
late ’70s
early ’80s
late ’70s
early ’80s
560 000
30 000
0.3%
25%
MSM, IDU
940 000
45 000
0.6%
20%
MSM, IDU, Hetero
15 000
500
0.1%
10%
MSM
40 million
5 million
1.2%
48%
Sub-Saharan Africa
Latin America
Caribbean
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
Western Europe
North America
Australia & New Zealand
TOTAL
* The proportion of adults (15 to 49 years of age) living with HIV/AIDS in 2001, using 2001 population numbers
** Hetero: heterosexual transmission – IDU: transmission through injecting drug use – MSM: sexual transmission among men who
have sex with men
00002-E-6 – 1 December 2001
Changes in life expectancy in selected African countries
with high HIV prevalence, 1950 to 2000
65
60
Botswana
Uganda
South-Africa
55
Zambia
50
Zimbabwe
45
40
35
1950-55 1955-60 1960-65 1965-70 1970-75 1975-80 1980-85 1985-90 1990-95 1995-00
00002-E-7 – 1 December 2001
Source: United Nations Population Division, 1998
Increase in mortality among men between
15 and 60, selected African countries, 1986-1997
80
Probability of dying from all causes
estimated for 6 years before survey
estimated for year of survey
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Tanzania, 1996
00002-E-8 – 1 December 2001
Malawi, 1992
Zimbabwe, 1994
Uganda, 1995
Source: Timaeus I, AIDS 1998, 12 (suppl): S15-S27
Zambia, 1996-97
Lifetime risk of AIDS death for 15-year-old boys,
assuming unchanged or halved risk of becoming
infected with HIV, selected countries
100%
Risk of dying of AIDS
90%
Botswana
80%
Zimbabwe
70%
60%
50%
20%
Côte d’Ivoire
Cambodia
Burkina
Faso
10%
0%
Zimbabwe
South Africa
Zambia
Kenya
40%
30%
Botswana
South Africa
Zambia
0%
current level of risk maintained
Kenya
Côte d’Ivoire
Cambodia
Burkina Faso
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Current adult HIV prevalence rate
00002-E-9 – 1 December 2001
risk halved over next 15 years
Source: Zaba B, 2000 (unpublished data)
35%
40%
Age in years
Projected population structure with and
without the AIDS epidemic, Botswana, 2020
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Projected population
structure in 2020
Males
140 120 100
80
Females
60
40
20
0
20
40
60
80
Population (thousands)
00002-E-10 – 1 December 2001
Source: US Census Bureau, World Population Profile 2000
100 120 140
Deficits due to AIDS
HIV prevalence among pregnant women
in South Africa, 1990 to 1999
HIV prevalence (%)
25
22.8
22.4
98
99
20
17
14.2
15
10.4
10
7.6
5
4
1.7
2.1
91
92
0.7
0
90
00002-E-11 – 1 December 2001
93
94
95
Source: Department of Health, South Africa
96
97
Predicted loss in life expectancy
due to HIV/AIDS in children born in 2000
Predicted life expectancy
Loss in life expectancy due to HIV/AIDS
Botswana
Zimbabwe
South Africa
Kenya
Zambia
Côte d'Ivoire
Rwanda
Mozambique
Haiti
Cambodia
0
10
20
30
40
Life expectancy at birth (years)
00002-E-12 – 1 December 2001
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000
50
60
70
Impact of HIV/AIDS on urban households,
Côte d’Ivoire
General population
Families living with AIDS
30 000 Francs CFA
25 000
Monthly income
per capita
20 000
15 000
Monthly consumption
per capita
10 000
5 000
Savings/Disavings
0
– 5 000
00002-E-13 – 1 December 2001
Source: Simulation-based on data from Bechu, Delcroix and Guillaume, 1997
Reduction in production in a household with an
AIDS death, Zimbabwe
Reduction in output
Crops

Maize
61%

Cotton
47%

Vegetables
49%

Groundnuts
37%

Cattle owned
29%
00002-E-14 – 1 December 2001
Source: Stover & Bollinger, 1999
Affordable prices
Annual cost per person for triple therapy in Africa
(US$)
$12,000
$10,000
Drug Access Initiative
$8,000
$6,000
Domestic production
$4,000
Accelerated access initiative
$2,000
February-April 2001 offers
$0
1991
00002-E-15 – 1 December 2001
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003