Exam 1
1) Which of the following is/are characteristic of living organisms?
A) organized structure
B) responsiveness to stimuli
C) maintenance of homeostasis
D) B and C are correct.
E) A, B, and C are correct.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.1
Skill: Factual
2) You drink a glass of lemonade, but your body's pH does not change. This is an example of
how organisms
A) maintain homeostasis.
B) maintain organization.
C) adapt to their environment.
D) are immune to acid.
E) are what they eat.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.1
Skill: Application
3) What is metabolism?
A) the consumption of energy
B) the release of energy
C) the sum of all chemical reactions taking place in an organism
D) the production of heat by chemical reactions
E) the exchange of nutrients and waste products with the environment
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.1
Skill: Factual
4) Which correctly indicates the sequence of increasing organization?
A) molecule, cell, organelle, organ
B) organelle, tissue, cell, organ
C) atom, molecule, organelle, cell
D) organ, tissue, cell, molecule
E) cell, organ, tissue, organ system
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.1
Skill: Factual
5) You observe a plant on your windowsill that is growing at an angle toward the outside. This is
an example of a living thing
A) maintaining homeostasis.
B) responding to stimuli.
C) reproducing.
D) evolving.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.1
Skill: Application
6) A typical animal would be characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
A) the presence of eukaryotic cells.
B) the ability to acquire nutrition through ingestion.
C) the ability to grow and reproduce.
D) the ability to maintain homeostasis.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.1
Skill: Conceptual
7) To which kingdom would a multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic organism belong?
A) protista
B) fungi
C) plantae
D) animalia
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.2
Skill: Factual
8) The basic difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell is that the prokaryotic
cell
A) possesses membrane-bound organelles.
B) lacks DNA.
C) lacks a nuclear envelope.
D) is usually considerably larger.
E) is structurally more complex.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.2
Skill: Factual
9) Which kingdom possesses unicellular animal-like members as well as unicellular plant-like
members?
A) Kingdom Fungi
B) Kingdom Animalia
C) Kingdom Protista
D) Kingdom Plantae
E) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.2
Skill: Factual
10) The main difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph is
A) how they reproduce.
B) how they respond to stimuli.
C) the placement of their organelles.
D) how they obtain energy.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.2
Skill: Factual
11) A cell that lacks organelles is a(n)
A) member of the Kingdom Plantae.
B) animal cell.
C) prokaryotic cell.
D) eukaryotic cell.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.2
Skill: Factual
12) A scientific explanation that is tentative and requires more investigation is termed a/an
A) theory.
B) fact.
C) control.
D) hypothesis.
E) observation.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.3
Skill: Factual
13) All the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) observation and experimentation.
C) subjective data collection.
D) inductive and deductive reasoning.
E) forming conclusions.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.3
Skill: Conceptual
14) Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. In his
experiment, he left the first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar
would be called the
A) experimental jar.
B) control jar.
C) conclusive jar.
D) hypothetical jar.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.3
Skill: Conceptual
15) In a word, evolution means ________.
A) selection
B) improvement
C) mutation
D) change
E) nature
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 1.4
Skill: Conceptual
16) A substance with specific properties that cannot be broken down or converted to another
substance is a(n)
A) element.
B) molecule.
C) ion.
D) compound.
E) mixture.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
Skill: Factual
17) What determines the atomic number of an atom?
A) number of electrons in the outermost energy level
B) total number of energy shells
C) arrangement of neutrons in the atomic nucleus
D) number of protons in the atomic nucleus
E) the total number of electrons and neutrons
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
Skill: Factual
18) Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?
A) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
B) carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen
C) carbon, sodium, chlorine, magnesium
D) carbon, oxygen, sulfur, calcium
E) oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
Skill: Factual
19) An atom's nucleus is composed of
A) protons.
B) neutrons.
C) protons and electrons.
D) protons and neutrons.
E) neutrons and electrons.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
Skill: Factual
20) How does one explain the formation of ions?
A) sharing of electrons
B) gain or loss of electrons
C) gain or loss of protons
D) sharing of protons
E) gain or loss of neutrons
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
Skill: Factual
21) Biological molecules primarily are joined by
A) peptide bonds.
B) ionic bonds.
C) hydrogen bonds.
D) disulfide bonds.
E) covalent bonds.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
Skill: Factual
22) The element carbon has an atomic number of six. Carbon would most likely
A) form an ionic bond.
B) form four covalent bonds.
C) form two covalent bonds.
D) donate two electrons to another atom.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
Skill: Application
23) A single covalent chemical bond represents the sharing of how many electrons?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
Skill: Factual
24) Polar molecules
A) have an overall negative electric charge.
B) have an equal distribution of electric charge.
C) have an overall positive electric charge.
D) have an unequal distribution of electric charge.
E) are ions.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
Skill: Factual
25) Which of the following is an example of hydrogen bonding?
A) The bond between O and H in a single molecule of water.
B) The bond between O of one water molecule and H of a second water molecule.
C) The bond between O of one water molecule and O of a second water molecule.
D) The bond between H of one water molecule and H of a second water molecule.
E) The bond between the H of a water molecule and the H of a hydrogen molecule.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
Skill: Factual
26) If a substance measures 7 on the pH scale, that substance
A) has equal concentration of H+ and OH- ions.
B) may be lemon juice.
C) has greater concentration of OH- than H+ ions.
D) probably lacks OH- ions.
E) is basic.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
Skill: Conceptual
27) What is meant by saying water has a high specific heat?
A) It can absorb a lot of energy without changing temperature.
B) It grows hot very quickly.
C) The boiling point of water is very low.
D) Water can only heat up to a certain temperature.
E) Water freezes easily.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
Skill: Factual
28) The fact that salt dissolves in water is BEST explained by
A) the charged nature of water molecules.
B) the polar nature of water molecules.
C) the hydrophobic nature of salt.
D) the ionic nature of water molecules.
E) the hydrophobic nature of the water.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
Skill: Conceptual
29) What determines the cohesiveness of water molecules?
A) hydrogen bonds
B) ionic bonds
C) covalent bonds
D) hydrophobic interactions
E) All of the above are correct.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
Skill: Conceptual
30) In general, a substance that carries an electrical charge can dissolve in water. Given this
fact, which of the following would most likely NOT dissolve in water?
A) ionic compounds
B) polar covalent molecules
C) nonpolar molecules
D) NaCl
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
Skill: Application
31) Large biological molecules are synthesized by removing
A) carbon.
B) covalent bonds.
C) water.
D) oxygen.
E) peptides.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
Skill: Factual
32) What type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of organic polymers into their
respective subunits?
A) condensation
B) oxidation
C) hydrolysis
D) ionization
E) reduction
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
Skill: Factual
33) Which of the following correctly matches an organic polymer with its respective monomers?
A) protein and amino acids
B) carbohydrates and polysaccharides
C) hydrocarbon and monosaccharides
D) lipid and steroids
E) DNA and ATP
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
34) Hydrolysis could be correctly described as the
A) heating of a compound in order to drive off its excess water and to concentrate its volume
B) the breaking of a long-chain compound into its subunits by adding water to its structure
between the subunits.
C) constant removal of hydrogen atoms from the surface of a carbohydrate.
D) None of the above are true.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.2
Skill: Conceptual
35) The fiber in your diet is really
A) protein.
B) ATP.
C) starch.
D) cartilage.
E) cellulose.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
Skill: Factual
36) Where is glycogen stored in vertebrate animals?
A) liver and muscles
B) brain and kidneys
C) heart and bones
D) pancreas and blood
E) liver and heart
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
Skill: Factual
37) Which of the following provides long-term energy storage for plants?
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) starch
D) cellulose
E) ATP
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.3
Skill: Factual
38) Which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes?
A) fats
B) steroids
C) phospholipids
D) oils
E) triglycerides
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
Skill: Conceptual
39) Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen and ecdysone are all examples of
A) fatty acids.
B) proteins.
C) steroids.
D) hormones.
E) waxes.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
40) In a biological membrane, the phospholipids are arranged with the fatty acid chains facing
the interior of the membrane. As a result, the interior of the membrane is
A) hydrophobic.
B) hydrophilic.
C) charged.
D) polar.
E) filled with water.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.4
Skill: Conceptual
41) The group of biological molecules most diverse in function is:
A) carbohydrates
B) lipids
C) proteins
D) nucleic acids
E) organelles
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
Skill: Factual
42) What determines the specific function of a protein?
A) exact sequence of amino acids
B) number of disulfide bonds
C) a hydrophilic "head" attached to a hydrophobic "tail"
D) fatty acids as monomers
E) the number of peptide bonds it contains
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
Skill: Factual
43) Specifically, a peptide bond forms between which groups?
A) amino and aldehyde groups
B) carboxyl and amino groups
C) hydroxyl and carboxyl groups
D) phosphate and hydroxyl groups
E) carboxyl and aldehyde groups
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
Skill: Factual
44) Hemoglobin represents which level of protein organization?
A) primary structure
B) secondary structure
C) tertiary structure
D) quaternary structure
E) None of these; hemoglobin is a polysaccharide.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 3.5
45) A nucleotide is
A) phospholipid, sugar, base.
B) phosphate, protein, base.
C) phosphate, sugar, base.
D) phospholipid, sugar, protein.
E) none of these
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 3.6
Skill: Factual
The compounds in biological membranes that form a barrier to the movement of
materials across the membrane are
A) internal proteins.
B) carbohydrates.
C) lipids.
D) nucleic acids.
E) external proteins.
46)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Conceptual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.1
47) In biological membranes, the phospholipids are arranged in
A) a bilayer with the fatty acids pointing toward each other.
B) a bilayer with the fatty acids facing outward.
C) a single layer with the fatty acids facing the interior of the cell.
D) a single layer with the phosphorus-containing region facing the interior
E) a bilayer with the phosphorus groups in the interior of the membrane.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.1
48) What prevents your
A) inadequate enzymes
B) fever
C) cholesterol
D) recognition proteins
E) receptor proteins
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
immune system from attacking your own cells?
Page Ref: Sec. 4.1
49) In reference to diffusion,
A) without a membrane.
B) in the air.
C) no gradient.
D) very slowly.
E) no energy required.
"passive" really means
of the cell.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
50)
Page Ref: Sec. 4.2
Molecules assisted by carrier proteins may cross a differentially permeable membrane
by
A) facilitated diffusion.
B) active transport.
C) osmosis.
D) endocytosis.
E) simple diffusion.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.2
If red blood cells are taken from the body and placed in a hypertonic solution, what
happens to the cells?
A) The cells swell and burst because water moves into the cells.
B) The cells shrivel up because water leaves the cells.
C) The cells remain unchanged due to equal solute concentration inside and outside the
cells.
D) The cells remain unchanged due to equal water concentrations inside and outside the
cells.
E) They become white blood cells.
51)
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Conceptual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.2
52) Solutions that
A) hypertonic.
B) isotonic.
C) hypotonic.
D) permeable.
E) hydrophilic.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
cause water to enter cells by osmosis are termed
Page Ref: Sec. 4.2
Two aqueous solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Solution A is
10% starch and solution B is 5% starch. What will occur?
A) Water will diffuse from solution A to solution B.
B) Water will diffuse from solution B to solution A.
C) Starch will diffuse from solution A to solution B.
D) Starch will diffuse from solution B to solution A.
E) Both B and D will occur.
53)
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Application
Page Ref: Sec. 4.2
The cytoplasm of a certain cell, such as a neuron, already has a high concentration of
K ions. How can K+ ions continue to enter the cell?
A) active transport
B) facilitated diffusion
C) osmosis
D) endocytosis
E) infusion
54)
+
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Conceptual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.2
55) Which process accounts
A) active transport
B) facilitated diffusion
C) diffusion
D) osmosis
E) phagocytosis
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
for the movement of solids into some animal cells?
Page Ref: Sec. 4.2
The electric signal for a muscle to contract passes rapidly from one muscle cell to the
next by way of
A) tight junctions.
B) desmosomes.
C) gap junctions.
D) internal proteins.
E) external proteins.
56)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Conceptual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.3
57) Adhesion of animal
A) desmosomes.
B) tight junctions.
C) gap junctions.
D) plasmodesmata.
E) cell plates.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.3
58) The urinary bladder
A) desmosomes.
B) tight junctions.
C) gap junctions.
D) plasmodesmata.
E) stretch receptors.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Type: MC
tissues is accomplished by cell-to-cell junctions called
is protected from leaking due to cell-to-cell junctions called
Page Ref: Sec. 4.3
Skill: Factual
Protein channels that provide passage for hormones and nutrients between animal
cells are termed
A) desmosomes.
B) tight junctions.
C) gap junctions.
D) plasmodesmata.
E) capillaries.
59)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.3
You observe a cell under a microscope and you can clearly see a cell wall, a vacuole,
and cytoplasmic connections. These cytoplasmic connections are
A) gap junctions.
B) desmosomes.
C) plasmodesmata.
D) tight junctions.
E) osmotic channels.
60)
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 4.3
Match the following names to the proper functional group
a. -OH
d. -COOH
b. -SH
e. -NH2
c. -PO4
61. A sulfhydryl group ______
62. An amino group ______
63. A carboxyl group ______
64. A hydroxyl group ______
_______________________________________________________________________
Continue in next page …
Matching. Place the letter of the correct answer into the blank to the left of the term.
65. glucose ______
66. steroid _____
67. ATP _____
68. phospholipids _____
69. amino acid _____
(B)
(A)
(C)
(E)
Continue to next page …
(D)
Label the parts of the microscope:
70. Objective _____
71. Fine adjustment knob _____
72. stage _____