C
T
L
G
patterns of 19th century migration spread this culture types across the northern tier of states, from New England to
Pacific northwest;
20th century patterns of migration have allowed this type to spread from north to sunbelt, particularly the desert southwest, to become important sub-culture in region patterns of 19th century migration spread this culture types across the middle tier of states, from the mid-Atlantic coast to western interior and parts of California;
20th century patterns of migration have allowed this type to spread from industrial northeast and midwest to sunbelt, particularly the South
Florida to Texas], to become important subculture in region viewed as a
“commonwealth”
[means to achieve the good of the community through positive action] viewed as a marketplace [means to respond efficiently to demands]; government functions like a business
A
largely economic, encouraging private initiative and access to the marketplace; economic development given highest priority; new programs will not be initiated unless demanded by a significant client of government
P
any area that will enhance the community although nongovernmental action viewed as a healthy civic enterprise; everyone should participate preferred social as well as economic regulation considered legitimate; new programs will be initiated without public pressure if believed to be in the public interest viewed as dirty, left to those who would soil themselves by engaging in it; only political professionals participate
P
viewed as
“vehicles” to attain goals believed to be in the public interest; third parties popular; subordinate to principles and policy issues
E
competition is over issues winning public office viewed as greater opportunity to implement policies and programs act as business organizations, doling out favors and responsibilities; party cohesiveness tends to be strong; competition is between parties rather than over issues; winning public office is seen as opportunity to attain and distribute tangible rewards patterns of 19th century migration spread this culture types across the
Old South into Texas and
Oklahoma;
20th century patterns of migration have allowed this type to spread into the desert southwest, to become dominant culture type in region viewed as a means of maintaining the existing social, economic, and political order; elite dominated include those that maintain traditional patterns; new programs will not be initiated unless they serve the interest of the governing elite, implying minimal government services viewed as a privilege; only those with legitimate claim to public office should participate; power is highly personal, based on family and social ties
[one or two families tend to dominate in most communities] serve as a means to recruit people to public offices not desired by established power holders; one-party politics competition tends to be between elitedominated factions of a dominant party; the goal of winning public office depends on the political values of the dominant elite faction adapted from Daniel Elazar, A MERICAN F EDERALISM : A V IEW F ROM THE S TATES , 3rd edition, 1984, pp. 120-121