Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Learning Objectives:
 Edit the solid models using the SOLIDEDIT command.
 Generate the drawing views of the solid model using the SOLVIEW
command.
 Generate the profiles and section in the drawing views using the SOLDRAW
command.
 Create the profile images of the solid model using the SOLPROF command.
 Calculate the mass properties of the solid models using the MASSPROP
command.
 Dynamically view 3D objects using the 3DORBIT command.
 Use the DVIEW command for viewing the model.
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Face options
These options allow you to edit the faces of solid models. The sub options provided under
this option are:
Learning
Objectives
• Extrude
• Delete
• Move
• Copy
• Offset
• Color
• Rotate
• Undo
• Taper
• eXit
SOLIDEDIT
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Extrude
This option allows you to extrude selected faces of
a solid model to a specific height or along a
selected path, see figure. You can directly invoke
this option by choosing the Extrude Faces button
from the Solids Editing toolbar. The Undo option
cancels the selection of the most recent face you
have selected. The Remove option allows you to
remove a previously selected face from the
selection set for extrusion. The ALL option selects
all the faces of the specified solid. The Path option
allows you to select a path for extrusion based on a
specified line or curve.
Learning
Objectives
Using the Extrude Faces
option to extrude a solid
face with a positive taper
angle
Face
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Move
This option allows you to move the selected
faces from one location to another without
changing the orientation of the solid (figure).
For example, you can move holes from one
location to another without actually modifying
the solid model. You can invoke this option by
choosing the Move Faces button from the
Solids Editing toolbar.
Using the Move Faces option to
move the hole from the original
position
Learning
Objectives
Face
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Offset
The Offset option allows you to offset the
selected faces of a solid model uniformly
through a specified distance on the model.
Offsetting takes place in the direction of the
positive side of the face. For example, you can
offset holes to a larger or smaller size in a 3D
solid through a specified distance. In figure,
the hole on the solid has been offset to a
bigger size. You can invoke this option by
choosing the Offset Faces button from the
Solid Editing toolbar.
Using the Offset Faces option to
offset a solid face with a positive
taper angle
Learning
Objectives
Face
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Rotate
This option allows you to rotate selected faces
of a solid model through a specified angle. For
example, you can rotate cuts or slots around a
base point through an absolute or relative
angle (figure). The direction in which the
rotation takes place is determined by the righthand thumb rule. This option can be invoked
by choosing the Rotate Faces button from the
Solids Editing toolbar.
Using the Rotate Faces option to
rotate the faces from the original
position
Learning
Objectives
Face
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Taper
This option allows you to taper selected face(s) through a
specified angle (figure). The tapering takes place
depending on the selection sequence of the base point
and the second point along the selected face. A positive
value of taper angle tapers the face inward and a negative
value tapers the face outward.
• Delete
Removes selected face(s)
from the specific 3D solid.
It also removes chamfers
and fillets (figure).
Learning
Objectives
Tapering
the
faces
using the Taper option
Deleting the faces using
the Delete option
Face
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Copy
The Copy option allows you to copy a face as a body or
region (figure).
• Color
This option is used to change the color of the selected face.
• Undo
This option allows you to cancel the changes made to the faces
of the solid model during the SOLIDEDIT command.
Copying the faces using
the Copy option
• eXit
This option allows you to exit the face editing operations in the SOLIDEDIT command. This
option will be available only when you invoke this command using the command line.
Learning
Objectives
Face
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Edge options
With the Edge option, you can modify properties of the edges of solid. You can copy and
change the color of edges.
• Copy
This option allows you to copy individual edges of a solid model. The edges are
copied as lines, arcs, circles,ellipses, or splines. You can also invoke this option
by choosing the Copy Edges button from the Solids Editing toolbar.
• Color
You can use this option to change the color of a selected edge of a 3D solid. This
option can be invoked by choosing the Color Edges button from the Solids
Editing toolbar.
Learning
Objectives
SOLIDEDIT
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Body options
These options edit the entire body of the solid model. This option provides various sub
options such as:
• Imprint
• seParate solids
• Shell
• Clean
• Check
• Undo Option
• Exit Option
Learning
Objectives
SOLIDEDIT
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Imprint
This option allows you to imprint an object on the 3D solid object. Remember that the
object to be imprinted should intersect one or more faces of the solid object. The
objects that can be imprinted are arcs, circles, lines, 2D and 3D polylines, ellipses,
splines, regions, bodies, and 3D solids. You can invoke this option by choosing the
Imprint button from the Solids Editing toolbar.
• seParate Solids
This option allows you to separate 3D solids with disjointed volumes into separate 3D
solids. The solids with disjointed volumes are created by the union of two solids that
are not in contact with each other. Keep in mind that the composite solids created
using the Boolean operations that share the same volume cannot be separated using
this option. You can invoke this option by choosing the Separate button from the
Solids Editing toolbar.
Learning
Objectives
Body
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Shell
This is one of the most extensively used options of the
SOLIDEDIT command. This option allows you to create
a shell of a specified 3D solid. The shelling is defined
as a process of scooping out the material from the solid
model in such a manner that the walls with some
thickness are left, see figure.
• Clean
This option allows you to remove shared edges or
vertices sharing the same surface or curve definition on
either side of the edge or vertex. You can invoke this
option by choosing the Clean button from the Solids
Editing toolbar.
Learning
Objectives
Creating a shell in the
solid model
Body
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Check
This option can be used to check if a solid object created by you is a valid 3D solid
object. This option is independent of the settings of the SOLIDCHECK variable. The
SOLIDCHECK variable turns on or off solid validation for the current drawing session
while using SOLIDEDIT options. You can invoke this option by choosing the Check
button from the Solids Editing toolbar.
• Undo Option
This option allows you to cancel or undo the editing action taken.
• Exit Option
This option allows you to exit the SOLIDEDIT command.
Learning
Objectives
Body
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Example 1
In this example you will create the solid model shown in figure (a). After creating the model,
use the options in the Solids Editing toolbar to modify it as shown in figure (b).
Figure (a) Model for Example 1
Learning
Objectives
Figure (b) Model after modifying
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
1.
Create the box and both the cylinders and move them so that they are placed at the
appropriate position.
2.
Union all the objects to make it a single solid model.
3.
Choose the Shell button from the Solids Editing toolbar and shell out the cylinders and
the left face of the box.
4.
Select the Taper Faces button from the Solids Editing toolbar and taper the cylinder as
shown in the figure (b).
5.
The final model should look similar to the one shown in figure (b).
Learning
Objectives
Example 1
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 GENERATING THE DRAWING VIEWS OF THE SOLID
MODEL
As mentioned earlier, one of the major advantages of working with the solid models is that
the drawing views of the solid model are automatically generated once you have the solid
model with you. All you have to do is to specify the type of drawing view required. This is
done using the following commands.
• SOLVIEW Command
• SOLDRAW Command
• SOLPROF Command
Learning
Objectives
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• SOLVIEW Command
This command is used to create the documentation of the solid models in the form of
the drawing views. This command guides you through the process of creating
orthographic or auxiliary views. The SOLVIEW command creates floating viewports
using orthographic projections to layout sectional view and multiview drawings of
solids, while you are in the layout tab. The various sub-options are:
• Ucs Option
• Ortho Option
• Auxiliary Option
• Section Option
Learning
Objectives
Generating
Drawing Views
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
•
Ucs Option
•
An orthographic view is generated
by projecting the lines on to a
plane normal to the current view.
The Ortho option generates an
orthographic view from the existing
view.
This option allows you to create a profile view
relative to a UCS. This is the first view that has to
be generated. The reason for this is that the other
options require existing viewports. The view
generated using this option will be parallel to the
XY plane of the current UCS.
•
Auxiliary Option
This option creates an auxiliary view from an
existing view. An auxiliary view is one that is
generated by projecting the lines from an existing
view on to a plane that is inclined at an angle.
Learning
Objectives
Ortho Option
•
Section Option
This option is used to create the
section views of the solid model.
The type of the section view
depends upon the alignment of the
section plane and the side from
which you view the model.
SOLVIEW
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• SOLDRAW Command
The SOLDRAW command generates profiles and sections in the viewports that
were created with the SOLVIEW command. The basic function of this command is to
clean up the viewports created by the SOLVIEW command. It creates the visible and
hidden lines that represent the silhouettes and edges of solids in a viewport, and
then projects them in a plane that is perpendicular to the viewing direction. When
you use the SOLDRAW command with the sectional view, a temporary copy of the
solid is created. This temporary copy is then chopped at the section plane defined by
you. Then SOLDRAW creates the visible half as the section and discards the copy
of the solid model. The crosshatching is automatically created using the current
hatch pattern (HPNAME), hatch angle (HPANG), and hatch scale (HPSCALE). In
this case, the layer View name- HID is frozen. If there are any existing profiles and
sections in the selected viewports, they are deleted and replaced with new ones.
Learning
Objectives
Generating
Drawing Views
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• SOLPROF Command
The SOLPROF command creates profile images of 3D solids by displaying only the
edges and silhouettes of the curved surfaces of the solids in the current view. Note
that before you invoke this command, you must be in the temporary model space of
the layout. This means that the value of the TILEMODE variable should be set to 0,
but you should switch to the model space using the MSPACE command.
Learning
Objectives
Generating
Drawing Views
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Example 2
In this example you will use the SOLVIEW and the
SOLDRAW commands to generate the top view
and the sectioned front view of the solid model
shown in the figure. Assume the dimensions for the
model.
Solid model
drawing views
Learning
Objectives
to
generate
the
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
1.
Create the solid model by assuming the dimensions.
2.
Switch to layout 1 and delete the default viewport.
3.
Choose the Setup View button from the Solids
toolbar. In the prompt sequence use UCS > World
options and then specify the points P1 and P2 to
define the viewport, see figure.
4.
Double-click in the viewport to switch to the
temporary model space. Zoom the drawing to the
extents using the Extents option of the ZOOM
command. Now, switch back to the paper space
using the PSPACE command. The layout after
generating the top view should look similar to the
one shown in the figure.
Learning
Objectives
After generating the top view
Example 2
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
5.
Again choose the Setup View button from the Solids toolbar. Use Section Option to
generate the sectional view of the model.
6.
Choose the Setup Drawing button from the Solids toolbar to invoke the SOLDRAW
command and select both the viewports..
7.
The drawing views should look similar to
those as shown in the figure.
Learning
Objectives
Layout after generating the
drawing views
Example 2
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 CALCULATING THE MASS PROPERTIES OF THE
SOLID MODELS
The mass properties for the solids or the regions can be automatically calculated
using the MASSPROP command. The various mass properties are displayed in
the AutoCAD Text Window. You can also write these properties to a file. This file
will be in the .mpr format. The properties thus calculated can be used in analyzing
the solid models. Note that the mass properties are calculated by taking the
density of the material of the solid model as one unit.
Learning
Objectives
• Mass
• Moments of Inertia
• Area
• Products of Inertia
• Volume
• Radii of Gyration
• Perimeter
• Perimeter
• Bounding Box
• Principal Moments and X-Y-Z Directions about
Centroid
• Centroid
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 DYNAMIC VIEWING OF 3D OBJECTS
The advanced options for the dynamic viewing of solid models are one of the major
enhancements in the recent releases of AutoCAD. These options make the entire process
of the solid modeling very interesting. You can shade the solid models and dynamically
rotate it on the screen to view it from different angles. You can also define clipping planes
and then rotate the solid models such that whenever it passes through the cutting planes, it
is sectioned just to be viewed. The original model can be restored as soon as you exit these
commands. The various options and commands used to perform all these functions are.
• 3DORBIT Command
• DVIEW Command
Learning
Objectives
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Dynamically Rotating the View of the Model
The 3DORBIT command allows you to visually
maneuver around 3D objects to obtain different
views. All the remaining commands can be
invoked inside this command or using the 3D
Orbit toolbar, see figure. This command
activates a 3D Orbit view in the current viewport.
You can click and drag your pointing device to
view the 3D object from different angles. You can
select individual objects or the entire drawing to
view before you invoke the 3DORBIT command.
Learning
Objectives
The 3D Orbit toolbar
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
The cursor icon changes as you move the cursor in over the 3D Orbit view, refer figure. The
different icons indicate the different direction in which the view is being rotated. They are as
follows:
Orbit mode
Roll mode
Orbit Left-Right
Orbit Up-down
3D orbit view, arcball with circular
graphics, and the 3D shaded UCS icon
Learning
Objectives
Dynamic Viewing
Of 3D Objects
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
You can invoke the other advanced viewing options using the shortcut menu
that is displayed upon right-clicking in the drawing window when you are
inside the 3DORBIT command. The shortcut menu that is displayed is
shown in figure. The various options of this shortcut menu are.
Learning
Objectives
• Exit
• Projection
• Pan
• Shading Modes
• Zoom
• Visual Aids
• Orbit
• Reset View
• More
• Preset Views
The shortcut menu that is
displayed upon right-clicking
when you are inside the
3DORBIT command
Dynamic Viewing
Of 3D Objects
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Exit
This option is used to exit the 3DORBIT
command. You can also exit this
command by pressing ESC.
• Pan
The Pan option is the 3DPAN command.
This command can also be invoked by
choosing the 3D Pan button from the 3D
Orbit toolbar. This option allows you to
drag the view to a new location in the
drawing window.
Learning
Objectives
• Zoom
The Zoom option is the 3DZOOM
command. This command can also be
invoked by choosing the 3D Zoom button
from the 3D Orbit toolbar. It makes the
object appear closer or further away, but
the position of the camera is not changed.
• Orbit
This is the 3DORBIT command. You can
toggle between the Pan, Zoom, and Orbit
options using this shortcut menu.
Shortcut
Menu
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• More
The suboptions provided by the More options are extensively used during the dynamic
viewing of the solid model. All these suboptions are.
• Adjust Distance
This suboption is the 3DDISTANCE command and can also be invoked by choosing the 3D
Adjust Distance button from the 3D Orbit toolbar. This suboption is similar to taking the
camera closer to or farther away from the target object.
• Swivel Camera
This suboption is the 3DSWIVEL command and can also be invoked by choosing the 3D
Swivel button from the 3D Orbit toolbar. It works similar to turning the camera on a tripod
without changing the distance between the camera and the target.
Learning
Objectives
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Continuous Orbit
This suboption is the 3DCORBIT command. This suboption allows you to set the objects you
select in a 3D view into continuous motion in a free-form orbit. While this suboption is being
used, the cursor icon changes to the continuous orbit cursor, which is a sphere encircled by
two continuous lines.
• Zoom Window/Extents
These suboptions are used to zoom the solid model using a window or to zoom the objects to
the extents.
• Orbit Maintains Z
This suboption is used to rotate the selected solid model in such a way that the Z axis
orientation is kept constant while the object is being rotated.
Learning
Objectives
More Option
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Adjust Clipping Planes
This suboption is the 3DClip command and can also be invoked by
choosing the 3D Adjust Clip Planes button from the Solids
toolbar. This suboption is used to adjust the clipping planes for
sectioning the selected solid model. When you choose this
suboption, the Adjust Clipping Planes window will be displayed
as shown in figure. The various options of the 3DCLIP command
are displayed in the Adjust Clipping Planes toolbar in the window.
There are five buttons provided in this window.
• Adjust Front Clipping
• Front Clipping On
• Adjust Back Clipping
• Back Clipping On
The Adjust Clipping
Planes window
• Create Slice
Learning
Objectives
More Option
Shortcut
Menu
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Adjust Front Clipping. This button is
chosen to specify the location of the
front clipping plane.
Adjust Back Clipping. This button is
chosen to specify the location of the
back clipping plane.
Create Slice. Choosing this button,
causes both the front and back
clipping planes to move together.
Front Clipping On. Turns on or off
the sectioning using the front clipping
plane, see figure.
Back Clipping On. Turns on or off
the sectioning of the solid model
using the back clipping plane. You
can toggle between back clipping on
and off by choosing the Back Clip
On/Off button from the 3D Orbit
toolbar.
Learning
Objectives
The interior of a house
displayed by setting the
front clipping on and then
hiding the hidden lines
Adjust Clipping
Planes
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Projection
The suboptions provided under this option are used to specify the type of projection for the
selected solid model.
• Parallel
This suboption is chosen to display the selected model using the parallel projection method.
It ensures that no parallel lines in the model converge at any point.
• Perspective
This suboption is chosen to use the one point
perspective method to display the model. In
this method, all the parallel lines in the model
converge at a single point, thus providing the
realistic view of the model when viewed with
the naked eyes, see figure.
Learning
Objectives
Viewing the model using
the perspective projection
Shortcut
Menu
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Shading Modes
This option is the SHADEMODE command, and the suboptions provided under this option
can also be invoked by choosing Shade from the View menu. All these suboptions are used
to specify the mode of shading of the model while it is being rotated in the 3D orbit.
Learning
Objectives
• Wireframe
• Gouraud Shaded
• Hidden
• Flat Shaded, Edges On
• Flat Shaded
• Gouraud Shaded, Edges On
Shortcut
Menu
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Wireframe
This suboption is used to display the solid model as a wireframe model. You can see through
the solid model while the model is being rotated in the 3D orbit view.
• Hidden
This suboption is used to display the solid model after hiding the hidden lines. You will not be
able to see through the solid model.
• Flat Shaded
This suboption applies the flat color on all faces
of the solid model. The color of the shade will
depend upon the color of the solid model. This
mode of shading is not very effective as there is
no smoothing of the faces (figure).
Learning
Objectives
Shading using flat shade
Shading Modes
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Gouraud Shaded
This type of shading mode is similar to the Flat Shading with
the only difference that the edges between the faces are very
smooth (figure). This type of shading is extensively used to
shade the object in the 3D orbit view.
• Flat Shaded, Edges On
This type of shading applies
a flat shading on the faces of
the solid model and at the
same time the edges of the
model are made visible, see
figure.
Learning
Objectives
Shading using Gouraud shade
Model shaded using flat
shading with the edges on
Shading Modes
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Gouraud Shaded, Edges On
This suboption applies the gouraud shading on the solid
model and at the same time makes the edges of the model
visible (figure).
Model shaded using Gouraud
shading with the edges on
Learning
Objectives
Shading Modes
Options
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Visual Aids
The 3DORBIT command provides you with three visual
aids for the ease of visualizing the solid model in the 3D
orbit view. These visual aids are Compass, Grid, and
UCS Icon. Choosing Compass displays a sphere
drawn within the arc ball with three lines. These lines
indicate the X, Y, and Z axis directions. The GRID
system variable controls the display options of the Grid
before using the 3DORBIT command. The size of the
grid will depend upon the limits of the drawing.
Choosing the UCS Icon displays the UCS icon. Figure
shows a Gouraud shaded solid model displaying the
compass and grid, as well as the UCS icon.
Learning
Objectives
Gouraud shaded solid model
showing compass, grid, and
the UCS icon
Shortcut
Menu
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Reset View
This option when chosen automatically restores the view that was current when you started
rotating the solid model in the 3D orbit. Note that you will not exit the 3DORBIT command if
you choose this option.
• Preset Views
This option is used to make current any of the six standard orthogonal views or the four
isometric views.
Learning
Objectives
Shortcut
Menu
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• DVIEW Command
The DVIEW command also allows you to visually maneuver around 3D objects to obtain
different views. This command also offers you a choice between parallel viewing and
perspective viewing. The DVIEW command uses the camera and target concept to
visualize an object from any desired position in 3D space. The position from which you
want to view the object (the viewer’s eye) is the camera, and the focus point is the target.
The line formed between these two points is the line of sight, also known as the viewing
direction.The various options which demonstrate how useful this command are:
Learning
Objectives
• CAmera Option
• PAn Option
• Hide Option
• TArget Option
• Zoom Option
• Off Option
• Distance Option
• TWist Option
• Undo Option
• POints Option
• CLip Option
Dynamic Viewing
Of 3D Objects
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• CAmera Option
With the CAmera option, you can rotate the camera about the target point. Once you have
invoked this option, the drawing is still, but you can maneuver the camera up and down
(above or below the target) or you can move it left or right (clockwise or counterclockwise
around the target).
There are two ways to specify the angle.
1.
You can specify the angle of rotation by moving the cursor in the graphics area until you
attain the desired rotation and then choosing the pick button of your pointing device.
2.
The other way to specify the angle of rotation is by entering the required angle of
rotation value at the prompt. An angle of 90-degree (default value) from the XY plane
makes the camera look at the object straight down from the top side of the object,
providing you with the top view (plan view). In this case, the line of sight is perpendicular
to the XY plane of the current UCS.
Learning
Objectives
DVIEW
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• TArget Option
With the TArget option you can rotate the target point with respect to the camera. Once you
have invoked this option, the camera is still, but you can maneuver the target point up or
down or left or right about the camera.
• Distance Option
The Distance option can be used to move
the camera toward or away from the target
along the line of sight. On the top side of the
screen, a slider bar appears. It is marked
from 0x to 16x. To revert to parallel viewing,
invoke the Off option. Figure (a) shows a
model using the parallel projection and
figure (b) shows a model using the
perspective projection.
Learning
Objectives
Figure (a) Solid model Figure
(b)
Solid
in parallel projection
model in perspective
projection
DVIEW
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• POints Option
With the POints option, you can specify the camera and target positions (points) in the X, Y,
Z coordinates. In other words, this option allows you to define the line of sight using the target
point and the camera point. You can specify the X, Y, Z coordinates of the point by any
method used to specify points including Object snap and .X, .Y, .Z point filters. The X, Y, Z
coordinate values are with respect to the current UCS.
• PAn Option
The PAn option of the DVIEW command resembles the PAN command. This option lets you
shift the entire drawing with respect to the graphics display area.
• Zoom Option
The Zoom option of the DVIEW command resembles the ZOOM command. With the help of
this option, you can enlarge or reduce the drawing.
Learning
Objectives
DVIEW
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• TWist Option
The TWist option allows you to rotate (twist) the view around the line of sight. In other words
you can say that the object on the screen is rotated around a point that is hinged to the center
point of the screen.
• CLip Option
The CLip option can be used to clip sections of the drawing.
AutoCAD uses two invisible clipping planes to realize
clipping. These clipping walls can be positioned anywhere
on the screen and are perpendicular to the line of sight (line
between target and camera). The CLip option can be used
in both parallel and perspective projections. When
perspective is enabled, the front clipping plane is
automatically enabled.
Learning
Objectives
A model clipped using
the front clipping option
DVIEW
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
• Hide Option
This option is used to suppress the hidden lines in the 3D model and is similar to the HIDE
command.
• Off Option
The Off option turns the perspective projection off. When the perspective projection is turned
off, you will notice that the perspective icon is replaced by the regular UCS icon.
• Undo Option
The Undo option is similar to the UNDO command. The Undo option nullifies the result of the
previous DVIEW operation.
Learning
Objectives
DVIEW
Command
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Exercise 1
In this exercise, you will create the solid model shown in
figure (a). The dimensions for the solid model are shown
in figures (b) and (c). After creating the model, generate
the top and sectioned front view of the model. Also, set
the front clipping, and then shade the model using the
Gouraud shading and dynamically rotate the model in
the 3D orbit.
Figure (a) Solid model for
Exercise 1
Learning
Objectives
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Figure (b) Dimensions for Exercise 1
Learning
Objectives
Figure (b) Dimensions for Exercise 1
Exercise 1
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Exercise 2
In this exercise, you will create the solid
model shown in figure. After creating the
model, shade and rotate it in the 3D orbit
using the 3DORBIT command.
Solid model for Exercise 2
Learning
Objectives
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Problem Solving Exercise 1
a.
b.
Draw the computer as shown in the figure. Take
the dimensions from the computer you are
using. Construction of the given figure can be
divided into the following steps:
1.
Drawing the CPU box (central processing unit).
2.
Drawing the base of the monitor.
3.
Drawing the monitor.
Once you have drawn the computer, create four
viewports in the paper space and obtain different
views of the computer as shown in the screen
capture (figure). You can use the VPOINT
command to obtain the different views.
Learning
Objectives
Solid model for Problem Solving
Exercise 1
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
c.
Next, use the MVIEW command to create another set of
four viewports as shown in the figure. Center the figure
of the computer in 3D view in all four of the viewports.
Use the CAmera option of the DVIEW command to
obtain the figure shown in the upper left viewport.
Use the Distance option of the DVIEW command to
obtain the figure shown in the upper right viewport.
Use the CLip option of the DVIEW command to obtain
the figure shown in the lower left viewport.
Use the TWist option of the DVIEW command to obtain
the figure shown in the lower right viewport.
Drawing with four viewports
d.
Notice the difference between the parallel projection and the perspective projection?
e.
Use the 3DORBIT command to view the object in 3D Orbit.
Learning
Objectives
Problem Solving
Exercise 1
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Problem Solving Exercise 2
For the Tool Organizer shown in figure, draw the
following.
Piece part drawings shown in figure (a), assembly
drawing with Bill of Materials shown in figure (b),
solid model of the assembled Tool Organizer
shown in figure.
Solid model of Tool Organizer
Learning
Objectives
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Learning
Objectives
Figure (a) Piece part drawings of Tool
Organizer
Problem Solving
Exercise 2
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Learning
Objectives
Figure (b) Assembly drawing and BOM of
Tool Organizer
Problem Solving
Exercise 2
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Problem Solving Exercise 3
For the Work Bench shown in figure,
draw the following.
Piece part drawings shown in figure (a),
assembly drawing with Bill of Materials
shown in figure (b), solid model of the
assembled Work Bench shown in figure.
Solid model of Work Bench
Learning
Objectives
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Learning
Objectives
Figure (a) Piece part drawings of Work Bench
Problem Solving
Exercise 3
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Learning
Objectives
Figure (b) Assembly drawing and BOM of Work Bench
Problem Solving
Exercise 3
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
 Problem Solving Exercise 4
Create various components of the
Pipe Vice assembly and then
assemble them by moving, rotating,
and aligning. The Pipe Vice assembly
is shown in figure (a). For your
reference, the exploded view of the
assembly is shown in figure (b). The
dimensions
of
the
individual
components are shown in figure (c)
(d), (e), (f), (g), and (h).
Learning
Objectives
Figure (a) Pipe Vice
assembly
Figure (b) Exploded
view of the Pipe Vice
assembly
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Figure (c) Isometric view
of the Base
Learning
Objectives
Figure (d) Sectioned top view of
the Base
Problem Solving
Exercise 4
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Figure (e) Side view of the Base
Learning
Objectives
Figure (f) Front view of the Base
Problem Solving
Exercise 4
Chapter 25 /Editing and Dynamic Viewing
of 3D Objects
Figure (g) Dimensions of the Movable Jaw
Learning
Objectives
Figure (h) Dimensions of the Screw,
Handle, and the Handle Stop
Problem Solving
Exercise 4