Teleostei, continued….
Osmeriformes
Salmoniformes
Stomiiformes
Ateleopodiformes
Aulopiformes
Myctophiformes
Lampridiformes
Polymixiiformes
Percopsiformes
Ophidiiformes
Gadiformes
smelt
salmon, trout, ciscoes,
whitefish, chubs
lightfish, dragonfish
jellynose fish
lizardfish
lanternfish
oarfish, ribbonfish
beardfish
trout-perch
cusk-eels
cod, hake
13
236
1
9
1
12
2
7
1
3
4
12
66
321
12
219
241
19
5
9
355
482
Stomiiformes
marine, deep-sea fishes, soft-rayed, varied body shapes
many forms with photophores
Small (1.5 - 50cm)
viperfish
Stomiiformes
Marine hatchetfish: highly compressed body, elongate scales, photophores
along ventrum; pelagic; small (< 7.4 cm long)
Stomiiformes
deepsea dragonfish – small (<15 cm), predatory, mesopelagic;
elongate chin barbel
Ateleopodiformes – jellynose fish
marine, deepwater fishes
elongate body, forward dorsal fin, soft-rayed; pelvic fins under
throat in some species
few teeth
skeleton largely cartilaginous (convergent trait)
up to 2 m long
Aulopiformes – lizardfish
marine, shallow and deepwater species,
many predatory, w. enlarged stomachs;
includes Bombay duck
Aulopiformes - tripod fish
Teleostei, continued….
Osmeriformes
Salmoniformes
Stomiiformes
Ateleopodiformes
Aulopiformes
Myctophiformes
Lampridiformes
Polymixiiformes
Percopsiformes
Ophidiiformes
Gadiformes
smelt
salmon, trout, ciscoes,
whitefish, chubs
lightfish, dragonfish
jellynose fish
lizardfish
lanternfish
oarfish, ribbonfish
beardfish
trout-perch
cusk-eels
cod, hake
13
236
1
9
1
12
2
7
1
3
4
12
66
321
12
219
241
19
5
9
355
482
Myctophiformes: lanternfish
small, abundant, widely dispersed marine planktivores
shallow to deep water
deep species have photophores
Lampridiformes: oarfishes
marine, shallow and deep, large fishes;
oarfish to 17 m (“sea serpents”)
Ribbonfish
opah
laterally compressed,
to 2 m and 270 kg
Oarfish – to 17m
Teleostei, continued….
Osmeriformes
Salmoniformes
Stomiiformes
Ateleopodiformes
Aulopiformes
Myctophiformes
Lampridiformes
Polymixiiformes
Percopsiformes
Ophidiiformes
Gadiformes
smelt
salmon, trout, ciscoes,
whitefish, chubs
lightfish, dragonfish
jellynose fish
lizardfish
lanternfish
oarfish, ribbonfish
beardfish
trout-perch
cusk-eels
cod, hake
13
236
1
9
1
12
2
7
1
3
4
12
66
321
12
219
241
19
5
9
355
482
Polymixiiformes – beardfish
Deep-sea, marine, demersal, small
Percopsiformes: pirate perch, trout-perch
freshwater, N. American
cloaca in jugular position (forward of pectoral fins)
includes blind cave-fishes
pirate perch
Chemical ‘cloaking device’
Resetarits, W. J., and C. A. Binckley. 2013. Is the pirate really a ghost? evidence for
generalized chemical camouflage in an aquatic predator, Pirate Perch Aphredoderus
sayanus. The American Naturalist 181: 690-699
Percopsiformes: pirate perch, trout-perch
freshwater, N. American
spiny + soft rays, adipose fin; cycloid and ctenoid scales;
demersal, vertically migrate at night from deeper water
Trout-perch
Teleostei, continued….
Osmeriformes
Salmoniformes
Stomiiformes
Ateleopodiformes
Aulopiformes
Myctophiformes
Lampridiformes
Polymixiiformes
Percopsiformes
Ophidiiformes
Gadiformes
smelt
salmon, trout, ciscoes,
whitefish, chubs
lightfish, dragonfish
jellynose fish
lizardfish
lanternfish
oarfish, ribbonfish
beardfish
trout-perch
cusk-eels
cod, hake
13
236
1
9
1
12
2
7
1
3
4
12
66
321
12
219
241
19
5
9
355
482
Ophidiiformes: cusk-eel, brotula
mostly marine, benthic or bentho-pelagic, some deep-sea
pelvic fins jugular to mental; anal, caudal, dorsal fins connected
brotulas are viviparous; some blind cave species
deepest species recorded at 8,470 m in Puerto Rico trench
Ophidiiformes: pearlfish
No caudal fin, elongate dorsal
and anal fins, cloaca is jugular
Commensal/parasitic in sea
cucumbers, molluscs, inverts.
Teleostei, continued….
Osmeriformes
Salmoniformes
Stomiiformes
Ateleopodiformes
Aulopiformes
Myctophiformes
Lampridiformes
Polymixiiformes
Percopsiformes
Ophidiiformes
Gadiformes
smelt
salmon, trout, ciscoes,
whitefish, chubs
lightfish, dragonfish
jellynose fish
lizardfish
lanternfish
oarfish, ribbonfish
beardfish
trout-perch
cusk-eels
cod, hake
13
236
1
9
1
12
2
7
1
3
4
12
66
321
12
219
241
19
5
9
355
482
Gadiformes, Gadidae
mostly marine, soft-rayed fishes with thoracic or jugular pelvic fins
some without caudal fin or three dorsal fins
mostly demersal (single barbel under chin)
temperate and tropical, some deepsea forms with photophores
includes commercially important cod, haddock, pollock, hake, whiting, ling
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
Burbot (Lota lota) – freshwater, N. American
Teleostei, continued….
Batrachoidiformes
Lophiiformes
Mugiliformes
Atheriniformes
Beloniformes
Cyprinodontiformes
Stephanoberyciformes
Beryciformes
Zeiformes
toadfish
anglerfish, batfish
mullets
silversides, grunion
needlefish, flying fish
livebearers, guppies
pricklefish, whalefish
squirrelfish, laternfish
John Dories
17
16
1
5
5
13
9
14
6
69
297
80
285
191
805
86
123
39
Batrachoidiformes toadfish
large mouths, mostly benthic;
one subfamily with venomous dorsal spines
courtship involves wide variety of loud noises
paternal care of eggs and young
Splendid toadfish
Lophiiformes: Red batfish
Lophiiformes: goosefish (monkfish); European; note spine on head modified to a moveable lure
Lophiiformes: anglerfish from 1,000 m
Lophiiformes: deepsea anglerfish
Lophiiformes: Paxton’s whipnose angler
Teleostei, continued….
Batrachoidiformes
Lophiiformes
Mugiliformes
Atheriniformes
Beloniformes
Cyprinodontiformes
Stephanoberyciformes
Beryciformes
Zeiformes
toadfish
anglerfish, batfish
mullets
silversides, grunion
needlefish, flying fish
livebearers, guppies
pricklefish, whalefish
squirrelfish, laternfish
John Dories
17
16
1
5
5
13
9
14
6
69
297
80
285
191
805
86
123
39
Mugiliformes (mullets)
FW and marine planktivores;
spiny + soft dorsal fins; gill rakers
Atheriniformes: blue-eyes, silversides
two dorsal fins, first reduced; FW and marine
some very short-lived species (< 1 year)
Brook silverside
Teleostei, continued….
Batrachoidiformes
Lophiiformes
Mugiliformes
Atheriniformes
Beloniformes
Cyprinodontiformes
Stephanoberyciformes
Beryciformes
Zeiformes
toadfish
anglerfish, batfish
mullets
silversides, grunion
needlefish, flying fish
livebearers, guppies
pricklefish, whalefish
squirrelfish, laternfish
John Dories
17
16
1
5
5
13
9
14
6
69
297
80
285
191
805
86
123
39
Beloniformes: flying fish
mostly marine, soft-rayed, surface fishes;
posterior dorsal, high pectorals, longer lower caudal lobe, low lateral line
Beloniformes: garfish, saury