A Last Minute Look
At what YOU’VE already learned this year!
COLONIZATION (The First era
WE Studied)
Began in 1607 with
successful English
settlement at Jamestown
and lasted until American
Independence (the 2nd era)
was declared in 1776!
The two worked together to establish relations
between the Jamestown settlers and the
Powhattan Indians but it was JOHN ROLFE
who cultivated the tobacco plant and made
Jamestown a money-making venture. Thus
Virginia became a Southern leader in its ability
to grow cash crops!
PLYMOUTH,
Massachusetts
Settled by the PILGRIMS
looking for RELIGIOUS
FREEDOM.
They signed the
MAYFLOWER COMPACT
IN 1620, a document of selfgovernment.
But built a “pure”
society based on the
Bible!
13 different
colonies
developed into
three regions
known as New
England, The
South, and The
Middle.
New England
• Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode
Island, and Connecticut
• Economics based on fishing, shipbuilding,
and whaling because of rocky soil
• Very religious especially in Mass. –
nonconformists kicked out and formed
other areas – even killed a few witches!
• Boston, Mass developed into major port
• First public schools
The Middle Colonies
• Delaware, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania,
and Maryland (to a degree)
• Very diverse and thus more tolerant of others –
freer society because of William Penn and the
Quakers
• New York City developed into major port
• Economics were based on survival of family –
subsistence farming, good soil, warm climate
• Private Schools
And back to The South
• Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, and
Maryland (economically)
• Developed cash crops which demanded
large work force causing need for slavery
• Economics based on plantation system
• Hot climate, great soil
• Tax-supported churches, no public schools
The French and
=
Indian War
TAXATION on
the COLONIES
The Road to
Revolution
Proclamation of
1763
Sugar Act
Currency Act
Stamp Act
Quartering Act
The Boston Massacre
Tea Party
Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty
1774 – INTOLERABLE ACTS
1774 - First Continental Congress
1775 - Lexington and Concord
– the shot heard around the
world (for freedom)
The British are
coming!
Debates and signs the Declaration
of Independence written mainly by
Thomas Jefferson.
1776
Winter at Valley Forge – Starvation
SARATOGA – Turning Point
Lafayette
Baron Von Steuben
YORKTOWN
– Final Battle
YORKTOWN
The United States Wins!!!!
A New Government Was Formed Under
The Articles of Confederation!
Georgia
North
Carolina
South
Carolina
New
York
Massachusetts
New
Jersey
New
Hampshire
Pennsylvania
Rhode
Island
Delaware
Connecticutt
Virginia
Maryland
The
=
State Power Equaled Federal Power
United
States
Some Good Things about
The Articles of Confederation
• Passed Northwest Ordinance allowing
new territories to become equal states
and banned slavery in territories
• Ran an underground government
during Revolutionary War
• Passed Treaty of Paris of 1783
A Federal System of
Government was Formed
U.S.
Government
Legislative Branch
Congress
House / Senate
Makes the Law
The States
Executive Branch
President
Executive Departments
Enforces the Law
Judicial Branch
The Supreme Court
U.S. District Courts
Interprets the Law
The People
But Not Without Some Debate
• What about people’s
rights?
• Isn’t a strong
government evil?
• Have we forgotten
what we fought for?
The Constitution set up the
Government and told it what to do
and how to do it! So they went
further and passed
No State
Church
No
Restrictions
on Religious
Exercise
No
Restrictions
on
Speech
No Soldiers
in
Your House
No Failure to
Give Citizens
Due Process
The Louisiana
Purchase 1803
Lewis
and
Clark
Mapped the new
territory with
the help of
Sacajawea &
York!
The War
of 1812
We Won – And finally had the
Respect of the World
•
•
•
•
Americans were patriotic
The Star Spangled Banner was published.
Textile Mills and Factories Boomed up North
Cotton gin caused increase of slavery down
south
• Here comes the Era of Good Feeling with
President Monroe
Election of 1824
Candidate
Party
Electoral
Vote
Popular
Vote
DemocraticRepublican
84
115,696
Henry Clay (KY)
“
37
47,136
Andrew Jackson (TN)
“
99
152,933
William H. Crawford
(GA)
“
41
46,979
Presidential
John Quincy Adams
(MA)
Adams Won the House’s vote
but Jackson won the hearts of
America four years later and
Democracy Grew
All Men could vote
now– Not just the rich
– any “citizen male”
Those voters got
American land as a
reward
And the Indians lost
theirs especially the
Southeastern tribes
The Trail of Tears
The Victory cost Mexico
dearly!
Would Slavery follow
Americans out West?
1. Compromise of 1850
2. Fugitive Slave Laws
3. Dred Scott Decision
4. Missouri Compromise
5. Kansas-Nebraska Act
Abolitionists Hated Slavery!
People like Frederick Douglass, Horace Greeley, and Harriet
Beecher Stowe used their influence to argue against slavery!
Secessionists knew slavery
was the key to their economic
success!
Why Even Those Women Got
Involved
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Seneca
Falls Convention for Women
• Dorothea Dix for the imprisoned and
handicapped
• The Grimke Sisters for the Slaves
• Sojourner Truth – “Ain’t I a Woman?”
And then Came More Conflict!
• John Brown and
Harper’s Ferry
• Harriet Tubman’s
Underground
Railroad
• Harriett Beecher
Stowe’s Uncle
Tom’s Cabin
• Dred Scott Case
Lincoln is Elected (the 1st
Republican); The South
Secedes! What will happen to
these non United States?
Has its
military
leaders,
its
culture,
and its
cause!
Has the
railroads,
manpower,
factories,
and
money.
Ft. Sumter
is first!
Lee Surrenders at Appomattox
But Five Days Later
But Slavery Would End –
The Civil War Amendments
• 13th Amendment – Frees Slaves
• 14th Amendment – Rights of
Citizenship to African Americans
• 15th Amendment – Right to vote to
African American males
And we would continue to grow…
• Homestead Act
• Dawes Act
• Morrill Act
The transcontinental railroad
is finished!