Table E1 Baseline characteristics and treatment
Variables
Amoxicillin
Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin
clavulanate
for 5-7 days
for ≥ 10 days
(N=210)
(N=127)
(N=87)
Male
141 (67.1)
80 (63.0)
59 (67.8)
Mean age, years
64.6
64.9
65.0
(SD 13.7)
(SD 13.7)
(SD 13.7)
Chinese
209 (99.5)
125 (98.4)
84 (96.6)
History of smoking
97 (46.2)
64 (50.4)
35 (40.2)
History of habitual drinking
15 (7.1)
9 (7.1)
3 (3.4)
Previous tuberculosis treatment
69 (32.9)
48 (37.8)
42 (48.3)
History of bronchiectasis
86 (41.0)
44 (34.6)
44 (50.6)
Diabetes mellitus
13 (6.2)
8 (6.3)
7 (8.0)
Symptomatic on presentation
198 (94.3)
113 (89.0)
81 (93.1)
< 2 week
118 (56.2)
69 (54.3)
51 (58.6)
2-4 weeks
10 (4.8)
13 (10.2)
7 (8.0)
1-2 months
38 (18.1)
21 (16.5)
14 (16.1)
> 2 months
31 (14.8)
18 (14.2)
9 (10.3)
Indefinite
13 (6.2)
6 (4.7)
6 (6.9)
Cough
182 (86.7)
111 (87.4)
68 (78.2)
Sputum
159 (75.7)
102 (80.3)
73 (83.9)
Haemoptysis
48 (22.9)
20 (15.7)
21 (24.1)
Shortness of breath
21 (10.0)
16 (12.6)
5 (5.7)
Duration of symptoms
1
Chest Pain
21 (10.0)
7 (5.5)
3 (3.4)
Fever
21 (10.0)
9 (7.1)
17 (19.5)
Weight loss
9 (4.3)
10 (7.9)
4 (4.6)
Commensals
142 (67.6)
86 (67.7)
49 (56.3)
Contaminants/ colonizers
8 (3.8)
12 (9.4)
6 (6.9)
Haemophilus influenzae
23 (11.0)
12 (9.4)
9 (10.3)
Streptococcus. pneumoniae including one
7 (3.3)
2 (1.6)
3 (3.4)
Klebsiella pneumoniae
3 (1.4)
2 (1.6)
4 (4.6)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
17 (8.1)
7 (5.5)
11 (12.6)
Others
10 (4.8)
6 (4.7)
5 (5.7)
Lower zones only
110 (52.4)
71 (55.9)
55 (63.2)
Upper or mid zones
72 (34.3)
38 (29.9)
25 (28.7)
No change
16 (7.6)
9 (7.1)
5 (5.7)
Uncertain
12 (5.7)
9 (7.1)
2 (2.3)
No
187 (89.0)
113 (89.0)
76 (87.4)
Yes
7 (3.3)
5 (3.9)
6 (6.9)
No change
16 (7.6)
9 (7.1)
5 (5.7)
≤ equivalent of RUL
189 (90.0)
115 (90.6)
80 (92.0)
> equivalent of RUL
5 (2.4)
3 (2.4)
2 (2.3)
Organisms isolated in sputum bacterial culture
case with Staphylococcus aureus
Change on initial CXR*
Cavitations on initial CXR
Extent on initial CXR
2
No change
16 (7.6)
9 (7.1)
5 (5.7)
1 (0.5)
1 (0.8)
0 (0)
0-1 day
133 (63.3)
85 (66.9)
62 (71.3)
> 1 day
76 (36.2)
42 (33.1)
25 (28.7)
Not submitted
1 (0.5)
0 (0)
0 (0)
Fluoroquinolones within 4 weeks before
enrollment
Timing of first submission of sputum for AFB
bacteriology
Note. Data are presented in number (%) unless stated otherwise. All comparisons show p >
0.10 except for previous tuberculosis treatment (p=0.04), history of bronchiectasis (p=0.07),
chest pain (p=0.09), and fever (p=0.01). Results that were unavailable or not applicable were
excluded from statistical analysis.
Abbreviations: CXR = chest radiograph; RUL = right upper lobe; SD = standard deviation.
*
With reference to previous films or those in the initial two months. Uncertainty of change
was due to absence of previous films and no change in the initial two months.
3
Table E2 Monitoring and progress
Variables
Amoxicillin Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin
clavulanate
for 5-7 days
for ≥ 10 days
(N=210)
(N=127)
(N=87)
3 (1.4)
2 (1.6)
1 (1.1)
1-30 days
14 (6.7)
7 (5.5)
5 (5.7)
31-90 days
9 (4.3)
2 (1.6)
2 (2.3)
91-180 days
13 (6.2)
5 (3.9)
1 (1.1)
181-270 days
24 (11.4)
13 (10.2)
7 (8.0)
271-365 days
147 (70.0)
98 (77.2)
71 (81.6)
41.4
44.8
39.0
(SD 22.0)
(SD 22.4)
(SD 17.3)
Mean duration between sputum specimens for
57.6
58.9
56.2
AFB bacteriology, days
(SD 37.0)
(SD 36.3)
(SD 39.3)
No
176 (83.8)
110 (86.6)
77 (88.5)
FOB
7 (3.3)
5 (3.9)
3 (3.4)
CT thorax (including high resolution CT)
14 (6.7)
6 (4.7)
3 (3.4)
Both
13 (6.2)
6 (4.7)
4 (4.6)
No
207 (98.6)
125 (98.4)
85 (97.7)
Yes
2 (1.0)
2 (1.6)
2 (2.3)
Unavailable
1 (0.5)
0
0
Duration of follow-up*
Lost after enrollment
Mean duration between CXR, days
Further investigation by FOB / CT thorax
Study antibiotics suspended
4
Adverse events
No
203 (96.7)
121 (95.3)
82 (94.3)
Yes
6 (2.9)
6 (4.7)
5 (5.7)
Unavailable
1 (0.5)
0 (0)
0 (0)
Static or worse
21 (10.0)
20 (15.7)
3 (3.4)
Partial or complete improvement
182 (86.7)
104 (81.9)
84 (96.6)
Unavailable or not applicable
7 (3.3)
3 (2.4)
0 (0)
Static or worse
52 (24.8)
30 (23.6)
11 (12.6)
Partial or complete improvement
152 (72.4)
92(72.4)
75 (86.2)
Unavailable or not applicable
6 (2.9)
5 (3.9)
1 (1.1)
Given antibiotics after the initial two weeks
112 (53.3)
67 (52.8)
52 (59.8)
Given fluoroquinolones besides allocated
23 (11.0)
12 (9.4)
15 (17.2)
Pneumonia
154 (73.3)
95 (74.8)
75 (86.2)
Infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis
17 (8.1)
11 (8.7)
6 (6.9)
Active pulmonary tuberculosis
10 (4.8)
3 (2.4)
0 (0)
MOTT lung disease
6 (2.9)
2 (1.6)
2 (2.3)
Fibrosis
7 (3.3)
3 (2.4)
1 (1.1)
Upper respiratory tract infection or bronchitis
5 (2.4)
6 (4.7)
0
Others†
8 (3.8)
5 (3.9)
1 (1.1)
Uncertain
3 (1.4)
2 (1.6)
2 (2.3)
Symptomatic response within initial two months
CXR progress within initial two months
moxifloxacin
Diagnoses
Note. Data are presented as number (%) unless stated otherwise. All comparisons show p >
5
0.10 except for symptomatic response within the initial two months (p=0.01), and chest
radiographic progress on within the initial two months (p=0.05). Results that were
unavailable or not applicable were excluded from statistical analysis.
Abbreviations: AFB = acid-fast bacilli; CT = computerized tomography; CXR = chest
radiograph; FOB = fibreoptic bronchoscopy; MOTT = mycobacteria other than tuberculosis;
SD = standard deviation.
*
Defined as the interval between enrollment and tuberculosis treatment within one year, or in
the absence of tuberculosis treatment, the last chest radiograph within one year. A grace
period of one month after the study period was allowed to ascertain tuberculosis status within
one year.
†
Others in the moxifloxacin arm included two cases of lung cancer, and one case each of
sputum atypia, probably malignancy, Churg Strauss Syndrome, and idiopathic pulmonary
fibrosis. Others in the amoxicillin clavulanate arm referred to eight cases of lung cancer.
6