Earth Science
Final Exam Objective Sheet
1. Know the meaning of the following terms:
density
compression
matter
sedimentary
extrusive
igneous
intrusive
metamorphic
latitude
longitude
asthenosphere
divergent plate boundary
absolute age
relative age
convergent plate
map scale
boundary
transform fault boundary
hot spot
Law of included fragments
Law of cross-cutting relationships
2. Be able to read a topographic map.
3. Be able to choose a reasonable metric measurement given a distance,
mass, or volume.
4. Know the position and the amount of illumination of the following moon
phases on the Earth-Moon-Sun diagram:
full moon
1st quarter moon new moon
waning crescent
waxing crescent
5. Which moon rises at sunset?
6. At which moon phase can there possibly be a solar eclipse?
7. At which phase can there possibly be a lunar eclipse?
8. How many degrees are between the Equator and the Topic of Cancer?
9. How many degrees are there between the Arctic Circle and the North
Pole?
10. How many hours of daylight are at the Equator when the northern
hemisphere is pointed towards the Sun?
11. How many hours of daylight are at the Antarctic Circle when the
northern hemisphere is pointed towards the Sun?
12. What date is the northern hemisphere pointed towards the Sun?
13. What causes the changes of the seasons?
14. Where can the Sun be seen at midnight on December 21st?
15. Why are day and night unequal on most parts of the Earth?
16. Why do day and night alternate every 24 hours?
17. Which plate tectonic boundary produces the fewest of the world’s
volcanoes?
18. What is the source of magma for volcanoes at divergent plate
boundaries?
19. How does temperature affect viscosity of lava?
20. What are mid-ocean ridges?
21. Where are the youngest rocks on the ocean floor found?
22. At which type of plate boundaries are volcanoes found?
23. What happens to the temperature of a substance when it is
compressed?
24. What changes occur to a substance when it is heated?
25. In what environment would you most likely find the rock conglomerate?
26. How can you get solid crystal out of a solution?
27. How is the streak of a mineral most easily obtained?
28. Describe the types of environments/conditions you would find:
igneous rocks
sedimentary rocks
metamorphic rocks
29. What type of crystals result in slow cooling of magma?
30. What does scale on a topographic map tell?
31. How do you find the shortest path between two places on earth?
32. How was the island chain of Hawaii formed?
33. What types of plate boundaries are associated with deep earthquakes?
34. What are some features of places where the following are found?
Divergent plate boundary
Convergent plate boundary
Transform fault boundary
Hot spots
35. Be able to identify specimens of:
igneous rocks
sedimentary rocks
metamorphic rocks