CHAPTER 16
The South and the Slavery Controversy, 1793–1860
Map Mastery
Using the maps and charts in Chapter 16, answer the following questions
1.
Southern Cotton Production, 1860: Which six states contained nearly all the major cottonproduction areas of the South in 1860?
2.
Slave-owning Families, 1850: Approximately how many slave-owning families owned fifty or more
slaves?
3.
Distribution of Slaves, 1820: Which five states contained a substantial number of slave-majority
counties in 1820?
4.
Distribution of Slaves, 1860: List the six slaveholding states, not counting Texas and Florida, that
contained the most counties with less than 10 percent slaves in 1860.
Map Challenge “Plan of Attack” (Answer on the opposite side of this page)
Using the maps of Southern Cotton Production, 1820, Southern Cotton Production, 1860, Distribution of
Slaves, 1820, and Distribution of Slaves, 1860, create a thesis statement and write a brief outline
identifying the relation between the areas of cotton production and the areas with the heaviest
concentration of slaves in 1820 and 1860. Include why Virginia and the Carolinas had substantial areas
with more than 50 percent slaves but almost no major cotton-production areas.
CHAPTER 17
Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841–1848
Map Mastery
Using the maps and charts in Chapter 17, answer the following questions.
1.
Maine Boundary Settlement, 1842: The Webster-Ashburton Treaty line settled the boundary
between the American state of Maine and which two Canadian provinces?
2.
The Oregon Controversy, 1846: The part of the Oregon Country that was in dispute between the
United States and Britain lay between what two boundaries?
3.
The Oregon Controversy, 1846: How many degrees and minutes (°, ΄) of latitude were there
between the northern and southern boundaries of the whole Oregon Country?
4.
Major Campaigns of the Mexican War: Which major western river did Stephen Kearney have to
cross on his route from Santa Fe to the Battle of San Pasquial in December 1846?
5.
Major Campaigns of the Mexican War: Name any three of the cities within present-day Mexico that
were occupied by the armies of generals Taylor or Scott.
Map Challenge “Plan of Attack” (Answer on the opposite side of this page)
Using the map of Major Campaigns of the Mexican War, write a brief response explaining the relation
between the movement of American military forces during the war and the political issues of the Mexican
War.
CHAPTER 18
Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848–1854
Understanding Cause and Effect
It is often crucial to understand how certain historical forces or events cause other historical events or
developments. In the pairs of historical events listed below, designated (A) and (B), indicate which was
the cause and which was the effect by placing A-B or B-A in column on the left.
1.
(A) The acquisition of California
(B) The Mexican War
2.
(A) The entry of California into the Union (B) The California gold rush
3.
(A) The death of President Zachary Taylor
4.
(A) Northern aid to fugitive slaves (B) The passage of the Fugitive Slave Law
5.
(A) The disappearance of the Whig party
6.
(A) The Compromise of 1850
7.
(A) The Gadsden Purchase (B) The southern plan for a transcontinental railroad
8.
(A) Douglas’s plan for a transcontinental railroad
9.
(A) The Ostend Manifesto (B) The end of Pierce administration schemes to acquire Cuba
(B) The passage of the Compromise of 1850
(B) The election of 1852
(B) Southern filibuster ventures
(B) The Kansas-Nebraska Act
10. (A) The rise of the Republican party (B) The Kansas-Nebraska Act
Map Mastery
Using the maps and charts in Chapter 18, answer the following questions.
1.
Texas and the Disputed Area Before the Compromise of 1850: A large territory claimed by Texas
was taken from it in the Compromise of 1850, and parts of it were later incorporated into five other
states. Which were they?
2.
Slavery After the Compromise of 1850: Under the Compromise of 1850, which free state was
partially located south of the line 36°30’ (the southern border of Missouri), which had been
established by the Missouri Compromise as the border between slave and free territories?
3.
Slavery After the Compromise of 1850: Under the Compromise of 1850, which territory located
north of 36°30’ could have adopted slavery if it had chosen to do so?
4.
Slavery After the Compromise of 1850: After 1850, how many organized territories prohibited
slavery? Identify them.
5.
Central America c. 1850: In Central America, British influence extended along the Atlantic coasts
of which two nations?
6.
Central America c. 1850: In the 1850s, the territory of the future Panama Canal was part of which
South American country?
7.
The Gadsden Purchase, 1853: The proposed southern transcontinental railroad was supposed to run
through which two Texas cities?
8.
Kansas and Nebraska, 1854: The proposed northern transcontinental railroad was supposed to run
through which territory organized by Stephen Douglas’s act of 1854?
9.
The Legal Status of Slavery, from the Revolution to the Civil War: In 1854, what was the status of
slavery in the only state that bordered on the Kansas Territory?
10. The Legal Status of Slavery, from the Revolution to the Civil War: Under the Kansas-Nebraska Act,
how far north could slavery have extended had it been implemented in Nebraska territory?
Map Challenge “Plan of Attack” (Answer on the opposite side of this page)
Using the map of The Legal Status of Slavery, from the Revolution to the Civil War, create a thesis
statement and an outline on how the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the KansasNebraska Act each affected the legal status of slavery in various territories.
CHAPTER 19
Drifting Toward Disunion, 1854–1861
Interpreting Primary-Source Documents
In order properly to interpret primary-source documents in history, two skills are essential: first, the
ability to read closely and carefully for the intended meaning; and second, the ability to understand the
historical context and possible implications of a text or statement.
The small, boxed samples of primary documents in this chapter demonstrate these principles. The
questions below will help you practice the skills of textual interpretation by asking you to read the
documents very carefully for meaning and to consider some of their implications.
1.
2.
3.
Lincoln’s statement from the Lincoln-Douglas debate (p. 421)
a.
In what ways does Lincoln claim that blacks are equal to whites, and in what ways does he
claim that whites are superior?
b.
What do the first two sentences tell you about the reason Lincoln is making a distinction
between equality of natural rights and complete equality of the races?
John Brown’s letter before his hanging (p. 422)
a.
What does Brown mean when he writes that “I am worth inconceivably more to hang than for
any other purpose. . . .”?
b.
What does Brown’s statement imply about how abolitionists might make use of Brown’s
impending death?
Greeley’s New York Tribune editorial (p. 428)
a.
What two arguments does Greeley use for letting the seceding states “go in peace”?
b.
The editorial was written three days after Lincoln’s election. What fear is motivating Greeley?
4.
5.
6.
Letter of South Carolina Senator Hammond (p. 430)
a.
What does the letter suggest will be the federal government’s response to secession?
b.
Why did the attitude reflected in the letter make efforts like the Crittenden Compromise fail?
London Times editorial (p. 431)
a.
What is the editorial’s view of the relation between the southern states and the United States
government?
b.
What position does it appear the London Times would advocate the British government take
regarding the American Civil War?
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin (pp. 411–412).
a.
What details in Stowe’s account of Tom’s last morning in the cabin before the sale of his
family might especially appeal to female readers?
b.
How does Stowe characterize the black slave Tom and his wife Chloe?
c.
What details in the excerpts in Examining the Evidence (p. 411) and on p. 412 show Stowe’s
explicit appeal to the religious sentiments of her readers?
H. Map Mastery
Using the maps and charts in Chapter 19, answer the following questions.
1.
Presidential Election of 1856: In the presidential election of 1856, how many electoral votes did
Buchanan get from the free states? (See map of The Legal Status of Slavery, Chapter 18 (p400), for
free and slave states.)
2.
Presidential Election of 1856; Presidential Election of 1860 (electoral vote by state): Which four
states carried by Democrat Buchanan in 1856 were also carried completely by Republican Lincoln
in 1860?
3.
Presidential Election of 1860 (showing popular vote by county) Using this map of the presidential
voting by counties in 1860, indicate which five states gave Douglas his strongest support.
4.
Presidential Election of 1860 (showing popular vote by county): In which five states did Bell
receive his strongest support?
5.
Presidential Election of 1860 (showing popular vote by county): Which Border State was the most
closely divided among Douglas, Bell, and Breckenridge?
6.
Presidential Election of 1860 (showing popular vote by county): Which state was the only one
divided among Lincoln, Douglas, and Breckenridge?
7.
Presidential Election of 1860 (showing vote by county): In which six northern states did Lincoln
carry every single country?
8.
Southern Opposition to Secession, 1860–1861: In which four future Confederate states was the
opposition to secession strongest?
9.
Southern Opposition to Secession, 1860–1861: In which three states did every single county for
which returns are available support secession?
10. Southern Opposition to Secession, 1860–1861: In which two states were many county conventions
divided about secession?