We've collected this information to help you to understand important
things about staying healthy and happy. This packet is to be
submitted to your teacher when classes resume. Make sure you
follow the instructions carefully. Make sure all answers are on a
separate looseleaf of paper. Make sure name, per is written on all
papers.
Heart-y sayings
Have you thought about all the sayings we have about the heart?
Here’s a list that some kids came up with.
I love you with all my heart.
She has broken my heart.
He died of a broken heart.
He wore his heart on his sleeve.
She was heartsick.
I give you my heart.
His heart leaped into his throat.
Her heart missed a beat.
You have my heartfelt thanks.
Can you think of any more? Create a table list of 3-4 heart sayings on a separate sheet of paper. I guess that over the years people have
noticed that when you have a powerful feeling like fear, anger or excitement, the heart beats faster and so maybe they thought that the
heart was where all the strong feelings hang out.
Dr Kim says
"The changes in the heart and
blood vessels which cause
heart attacks in adults are
now starting in many more
children and young people.
They won’t have a heart
attack while they are kids,
but some of the damage is
done then.
Keep your heart healthy by
eating healthy food,
exercising, getting plenty of
sleep and having fun!"
Blood Pressure Sounds
• When blood pressure is measured, a cuff is inflated to constrict an artery so
that no blood flows through. Since the pressure in the cuff is greater than the
pressure in the artery, the artery is closed off and no blood flows through.
• As the cuff pressure is gradually released, but the artery is still partially
constricted, blood flow resumes. Sounds can be heard with a stethoscope
because the blood flows turbulently, causing audible sounds.
• When enough pressure is released to fully open the artery, the blood flows
freely and the sounds disappear because smooth flowing blood does not create
sounds.
Checking Blood Pressure
• The first sounds that are heard indicate systolic pressure. When the sounds
stop, diastolic pressure has been reached. Record your BP on the following page
BLOOD PRESSURE=
/
------ systolic/diastolic
BLOOD PRESSURE WORKSHEET
Name:
Per
To: Physician/Clinic/Technician/Medical Facility/ Family member
Please record the blood pressure and pulse after the examinee has been
recumbent for at least 5 minutes and then after standing motionless for 3
minutes. A mercury sphygmomanometer or an automated BP device is
to be used. The pulse and blood pressure should be taken twice daily
(morning and afternoon) for three consecutive days.
Day
1
2
Date:______
3
Date:______
Date:______
Time
____AM
____AM
____AM
Recumbent BP
Recumbent Pulse
Standing BP
Standing Pulse
Time
Recumbent BP
Recumbent Pulse
Standing BP
Standing Pulse
____PM
____PM
____PM
Blood Pressure Graph
• By taking your pulse, you can feel that blood pressure fluctuates with each heartbeat. The pulse which you feel is
actually a pressure wave which travels from your heart throughout the arteries.
We can use the graph created by this pressure wave to identify the component parts of blood pressure.
• Label the 2 important parts of this graph :
• On the next page you will be asked to
evaluate your heart rate. Disregard the
100 and 200 meters. Walking in place,
walking in different areas of your house,
around the block, to your friends with
different pace and slow to moderate
jogging are great ways to see the changes
in your heart rate.
You can find extensive information on the heart and how it works at
americanheart.org/Heart/Heart_How/index.html.
aorta - the biggest and longest artery (a blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart)
in the body. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the body.
inferior vena cava - a large vein (a blood vessel carrying blood to the heart) that carries
oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium from the lower half of the body.
left atrium - the left upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-rich blood from the
lungs via the pulmonary vein.
left ventricle - the left lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood through the aortic
valve into the aorta.
mitral valve - the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It prevents the backflow of blood from the ventricle to the atrium.
pulmonary artery - the blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle
of the heart to the lungs.
pulmonary valve - the flaps between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. When
the ventricle contracts, the valve opens, causing blood to rush into the pulmonary artery.
When the ventricle relaxes, the valves close, preventing the back-flow of blood from the
pulmonary artery to the right atrium.
pulmonary vein - the blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left
atrium of the heart.
right atrium - the right upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-poor blood from the
body through the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava.
right ventricle - the right lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood into the
pulmonary artery.
septum - the muscular wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart.
superior vena cava - a large vein that carries oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium from
the upper parts of the body.
tricuspid valve - the flaps between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is composed
of three leaf-like parts and prevents the back-flow of blood from the ventricle to the atrium.
Label the heart anatomy diagram below using the heart glossary. Note: On the
diagram, the right side of the heart appears on the left side of the picture (and
vice versa) because you are looking at the heart from the front.
Unit Introduction: “Heart /Disease/ blood/vessels – What Do You Know?”
Name: ___________________________Date:________Period:________
In this Cardio unit, you will learn/ review about the heart and how the heart works
and can become damage.
Questions:
1. What is a heart?
____________________________________________________
2. label the picture of a heart from the previous slide.
3. What is the function of the heart (what does a heart do
4. What is blood?_
5. What is the main function of blood (what does blood do)?
6. Why do our cells need oxygen?
7. What are blood
vessels?______________________________________________
8. What is the function of blood vessels (what do blood vessels
do)?_____________
9. Do you know anyone who has had a heart
attack?_________________________
10. What do you think a heart attack
is?____________________________________
.
11. What do you think causes heart attacks (list all the contributing factors you
can
think of)?_________________________________________________________
12. What do you think you can do to decrease your chances of having a heart
attack?
.
13. What do Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT’s)
do?____________________
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hhw/hhw_heartdisease.html. Use
this website to facilitate the completion of the worksheet.______
Prior Knowledge Questions:
1.) What is the heart’s
job?__________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
__________2.) Can a person live without a heart? Explain your
answer.________________________
_______________________________________________________
_________________
3.) What else do you know about the
heart?_____________________________________
4.)How many times does a heart beat per minute, if one counts 18
beats in 15 seconds?
Show your math.
5.) What is “heart
rate”?__________________________________________________
__
6.) What are some sayings or phrases about blood?
7.) What diseases affect the blood?
Images of Blood
Draw what you think blood will look like on a slide circle enlarged 400 times under a
microscope. Use color. Imagine that the circle is the field of view that you see when you
look into the microscope. Show the different components of blood.
400X
Answer the TRUE/FALSE questions below.
1.) The human body contains about 20 liters of blood. TRUE / FALSE
2.) Animal blood can be used instead of human blood for a transfusion. TRUE / FALSE
3.) Leukemia is a cancer that begins in the blood cells. TRUE / FALSE
4.) Blood can carry diseases such as hepatitis or HIV, the virus that cause AIDS
TRUE / FALSE
5.) Blood is pumped through the body by the lungs. TRUE / FALSE
6.) Some of the components or parts of blood are made in bone marrow. TRUE /
FALSE
Blood Type Inheritance Possibilities Based on
Parents' Types
Possible Inheritances
PARENTAL COMBINATIONS
AB/
AB
AB/
B
AB/
A
AB/
O
B/
B
A/
B
A/
A
O/
B
O/
A
O/
O
O
no
no
no
no
ye
s
ye
s
ye
s
ye
s
ye
s
yes
A
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
ye
s
ye
s
no
ye
s
no
B
yes
yes
yes
yes
ye
s
ye
s
no
ye
s
no
no
AB
yes
yes
yes
no
no
ye
s
no
no
no
no
What is Non-Communicable or chronic disease? Name them
Is CVD a non communicable or chronic condition?
Conditions and Diseases
Of the heart, blood, blood vessels, and
blood pressure
What is cardiovascular disease?
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not one single disease or condition. It is a
group of different disorders that affect your heart and blood vessels. You are born
with some types of cardiovascular diseases, and you develop others during your
lifetime.
What are the different risk factors?
Heart and Blood Vessel Diseases
Holes in the Heart
How the Heart
Works
Hypotension
Kawasaki Disease
Long QT Syndrome
Marfan Syndrome
Metabolic
Syndrome
Mitral Valve
Prolapse
Overweight and
Obesity
High Blood
Cholesterol
High Blood Pressure
Coronary
Microvascular
Disease
Endocarditis
Heart Attack Cardiac
Rehabilitation
Cardiogenic Shock
Cardiomyopathy
Carotid Artery
Disease
Congenital Heart
Defects
Coronary Artery
Disease
Heart Block
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Heart Failure
Heart Murmur
Heart Palpitations
Heart Valve Disease
Aneurysm
Angina
Arrhythmia
Atherosclerosis
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Septal Defect
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Pericarditis
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Raynaud's Disease
Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Tetralogy of Fallot
Varicose Veins
Vasculitis
Ventricular Septal Defect
Tests and Procedures
Angioplasty
Cardiac Catheterization
Cardiac CT
Cardiac MRI
Cardioversion
Carotid Endarterectomy
Carotid Ultrasound
Catheter Ablation
Coronary Angiography
Coronary Artery Bypass
Grafting
Coronary Calcium Scan
Echocardiography
Electrocardiogram
Heart Surgery
Heart Transplant
Holter and Event
Monitors
Implantable
Cardioverter Defibrillator
Nuclear Heart Scan
Pacemaker
Stents
Stress Testing
Total Artificial H
What is a heart murmur?
When your heart is working normally it sounds quiet and smooth.
It’s like a tap which is turned on enough for the water to flow quietly and smoothly. If you turn the tap onto full then the water becomes
more turbulent (forceful) and the sound gets louder.
A heart murmur in young children is when the heart beats quite fast and sounds louder. Usually this happens when the child is tired,
unwell, or after exercise. The blood flow gets faster and noisier.
This is not a health problem.
A heart murmur can be a sign of a health problem when there is a hole between two parts of the heart and the blood is coming from
two directions at once, mixing together and causing turbulence and you can hear it.
This type of heart murmur may be a problem. It depends on how much blood is going in the wrong direction.
There may need to be an operation to block off the hole as the blood may not be able to pick up enough oxygen from the lungs to take it
all round the body.
This can mean that kids get tired easily and may not be able to do sport or exercise. It can also mean that the body cannot grow tall and
strong and the kid stays small and weak.
If you have a heart murmur and the doctor doesn’t think that there is a problem then don’t worry about it.
It shouldn’t stop you from doing anything.
So, get out there and start joining in. Your heart needs the exercise.
Blood diseases and disorders
Anemia
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
Aplastic Anemia
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Excessive Blood Clotting
Fanconi Anemia
Hemochromatosis
Hemolytic Anemia
Hemophilia
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Iron-Deficiency Anemia
Lymphocytopenia
Pernicious Anemia
Polycythemia Vera
Pulmonary Embolism
Sickle Cell Anemia
Rh Incompatibility
Thalassemias
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocythemia and Thrombocytosis
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Von Willebrand Disease
Tests and Procedures
Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant
Blood Tests
Blood Transfusion
Bone Marrow Tests
Introduction:
Teens don’t usually worry very much about cardiovascular disease, but you should: it is the
third most prevalent cause of death among children and adolescents. There are many steps
you can take to avoid heart disease now and as you get older. The Web site below explores
more about the cardiovascular system, some common heart and circulatory conditions, and
how you can best prevent these problems.
Links to Explore:
Healthy Living: Medical Conditions, Heart and Circulatory System
http://www.rainbowbabies.org/Home/HealthyLiving/AskRainbow/
MedicalConditions/MedicalConditionsArticle/tabid/383/newsid/20540/Default.aspx
Directions:
Click on the link and read the article.
Then answer the following questions:
1. What are the best ways to keep the heart healthy and avoid long-term
problems like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and heart disease?
2. How can an untreated strep throat infection lead to Rheumatic heart
disease?
3. What percentage of teens have high cholesterol levels that put them at
increased risk of cardiovascular disease?
4. What are some causes of high blood pressure in infants, children, and
teens
5.What is Hyper/hypo BP? Why are they dangerous? What happen as a
result of these conditions?
Organ Donation Fact Sheet
􀂾 Every year, hundreds of lives are saved with the help of donated organs.
􀂾 89,000 people are currently waiting for an organ; 17 people die each day while
waiting.
􀂾 In addition to the heart, many other organs and tissues may be donated including
skin, bone and cartilage, ligaments and tendons, bone marrow, cornea, kidney,
liver, lung, small intestine and pancreas.
􀂾 Organ transplant recipients are selected based on the seriousness of their medical
condition and compatible body size and blood chemistry. A person’s race, sex, or
religion does not matter when finding a match.
􀂾 Organs must be removed from the donor within 8-16 hours after brain death.
Brain death is when the brain permanently stops working. It is not the same thing
as a coma. A person cannot recover from being brain dead. A doctor is required
Funded by a Science Education Partnership Award from the National Center for Research
Resources of the National Institutes of Health
2
to declare a person brain dead before any organs can be removed for
transplantation.
􀂾 A transplanted heart may be preserved for 4-6 hours between donation and
transplantation in the recipient.
􀂾 While most major religions support organ donation, some do not. You can read
about how specific religions feel about organ donation at the following website:
http://www.donor-awareness.org/info.religious.html
I. Organ/ blood Donation - Your Opinions:
This is an opportunity for you to state your opinion based on what you believe.
Opinions
are different from facts. While facts require evidence to back them up, opinions
are
based on values and beliefs (how you feel about an issue). For each of the
statements
below, decide whether you agree or disagree with the statement and then circle
the word
“agree” or “disagree,” depending upon your opinion. There is no right or wrong
answer.
1) Being an organ/blood donor is a good way to help other people, even after you
die.
Agree/Disagree
2) If a person has agreed to be an organ/blood donor, doctors will not try as hard
to save that
person’s life if they are injured.
Agree/Disagree
3) To have a proper burial, a person’s body needs to be buried intact (with all of
their
Organs/blood).
Agree/Disagree
4) The people who should be first on the list to get an organ/blood transplant
should be the
people who are the sickest.
Agree/Disagree
5) A person who is 80 years old should have the same chance of having a
transplant as
someone who is 8 years old.
Agree/Disagree