Reproductive System
Male Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 28
Basic Vocabulary
• Gametes = sex cells (sperm & eggs), produced by
meiosis
• Gonads = reproductive organs that produce gametes
(testes & ovaries)
• Fertilization = process during which egg and sperm
unite
• Zygote = fertilized egg
• Gynecology = branch of medicine concerned with
treatment of female reproductive system
• Urology = studies urinary system & disorders of male
reproductive system
Fertilization Results In A Diploid
Zygote
Egg
1n
Haploid
nucleus
Sperm
1n
Haploid
nucleus
Fertilization Results In A Diploid
Zygote
Egg
1n
Haploid
nucleus
Sperm
1n
Haploid
nucleus
Fertilization Results In A Diploid
Zygote
Egg
1n
Haploid
nucleus
Haploid
nucleus
Sperm
1n
Fertilization Results In A Diploid
Zygote
Egg
1n
Haploid
nucleus
Haploid
nucleus
Sperm
1n
Fertilization Results In A Diploid
Zygote
Egg
1n
Haploid
nucleus
Haploid
nucleus
Sperm
1n
From Zygote to Embryo
Zygote
Zygote
2n
2n
From Zygote to Embryo
Cleavage
From Zygote to Embryo
Cleavage
From Zygote to Embryo
Cleavage
From Zygote to Embryo
Cleavage
From Zygote to Embryo
Morula
• Puberty = process of physical changes by which a
child’s body becomes an adult body capable of
reproduction
• Puberty is initiated by production of FSH and LH
which cause the development of secondary sexual
characteristics
Secondary sexual
characteristics
I. MALE ANATOMY
• Scrotum = sac containing the testes; sperm develop
in the testes
• Normal sperm production requires a temperature
about 2-3 degrees C below body T
• Testes develop near kidneys and start descending
during the 7th month of fetal development
• Epididymis = site of sperm maturation
• Vas deferens (or ductus deferens) = duct that
transports sperm from the epididymis towards the
urethra
• Urethra = transports both semen & urine
• Semen = sperm + the fluids secreted by accessory sex
glands
Accessory Sex Glands:
• Seminal vesicles = glands that secrete alkaline
fructose rich fluid; used to neutralize acidic
environment of male urethra & vagina; fructose is
used for ATP production of sperm cells
• Seminal vesicles make 60% of the volume of semen
• Prostate gland = secretes slightly acidic fluid that
contributes to sperm motility and viability
• Prostate gland makes up 25% of the volume of semen
• Bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands) = secrete
an alkaline fluid into the urethra that protects the
sperm by neutralizing acids from urethra
Bulbourethral
gland