URBAN WATER SECURITY – A full day on planning and response
to ensure urban water resilience
GOOD PRACTICES FOR
MANAGING RISKS OF SCARCITY
IN WATER SUPPLY
Francisco Cubillo
Deputy Director of Research, Development and
Investigation
IWA WORLD WATER CONGRESS AND EXHIBITION
BEIJING, 2006 SEPTEMBER
SECURITY
RISK
I WISH, A FEELING
CIRCUMSTANCE
SOCIETY
WATER MANAGERS
FAILURE
CRISIS
EVERY STAKEHOLDERS
2
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
PROBABILITY
100%
DROUGHTS
NORMALITY
INCIDENCES
&
CONTINGENCIES
QUALITY OF SERVICE
&
RISK STANDARDS
CRISIS
DISASTER
3
0
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
AFFECTIONS
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
SCARCITY & DROUGHT
 An smooth event
 In water supply is always operational
4
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
FLOOD
AVERAGE EVOLUTION
LOW RAINFALL
USE OF STRATEGIC RESERVE
Actions
MODERATE SCARCITY
SEVERE SCARCITY
DEMAND
MANAGEMENT
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
NORMAL CONDITIONS
EXTREME SCARCITY
5
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
Public Company
Supplies drinking and sewerage
water to 6 million people in the region
of Madrid (Spain)
•177 municipalities
Madrid
•14.000 km Distribution Network
6
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
2533 km transport pipes
59 Wells Fields
13 Water Treatment Works
14 Dams
44 Pumping Stations
242 Service Reservoirs
7
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
Evolución de la dotación por habitante (agua derivada)
400
Unitary con. l/hab día
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1855 1865 1875 1885 1895 1905 1915 1925 1935 1945 1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005
Unit.consum.
Droughts
8
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
Independent consumption
DROUGHT
PERIODS
10%
5%
LEVEL OF RISK OF DROUGHT STARTUP
Acceptable level of risk (4%)
Level of Risk
0
9
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
1995
2000
2005
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
Independent consumption
DROUGHT
PERIODS
STRUCTURAL ACTIONS
El Atazar
1973
Valmayor
1976
New Wells
1992
Tr.San Juan
1995
OPERATIONAL ACTIONS
Change in operation
1993
Drought Manual
10%
5%
2003
Supply Manual
LEVEL OF RISK OF DROUGHT STARTUP
Acceptable level of risk (4%)
Level of Risk
0
10
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
1995
2000
2005
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
DROUGHT MANUAL
1992
SUPPLY MANUAL
2003
11
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
1000
Maximun storage 946 hm3
Effective capacity
900
800
Phase B
700
hm 3
600
500
Phase C
400
Phase 0
DROUGHT BEGINNING
300
Phase 1
200
Phase 2
100
Phase 3
Effective capacity
feb-06
jan-06
dic-05
nov-05
oct-05
sep-05
aug-05
jul-05
jun-05
may-05
apr-05
mar-05
feb-05
jan-05
dic-04
nov-04
oct-04
sep-04
0
No rmal
12
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
1000
800
700
Drought
Committee
formation
May 2005
Start of w ells
use
March 2005
Phase B
Decree 97/2005
September 2005
Start of demand
reduction
June 2005
900
CYII press
campaign
July 2005
Decree 12/65
September 05
hm 3
600
Drought Office
formation
September 05
500
Phase C
400
Phase 0
300
200
Phase 1
100
Phase 2
Phase 3
Effective capacity
P ercentil 10
No rmal
feb-06
jan-06
dic-05
nov-05
oct-05
sep-05
aug-05
jul-05
jun-05
may-05
apr-05
mar-05
feb-05
jan-05
dic-04
nov-04
oct-04
sep-04
0
Real Evo lutio n
13
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
Costs
Cost of supply
Cost of droughts
Economic risk level
Risk of shortages
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Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
15
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
16
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September
REAL INTEGRATION
PLANNING <> OPERATION
EMERGENCIES <> ROUTINES
INSTITUTIONS <> OPERATORS <> USERS
RESOURCES <> INFRASTRUCTURES
TECNICIANS <> POLITICIANS <> MEDIA
TEORY <> PRACTICE
CULTURE <> ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT <>RISK ACCEPTANCE
17
Urban Water Security – A full day on planning and response to ensure urban water resilience
IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition
Beijing, 2006 September