CSU/ TTU COOPERATIVE PROGRAM
IN WIND ENGINEERING: 1987-2001
CSU/TTU CPWE
NSF - CSU/TTU CPWE
Objectives of the Cooperative Program In Wind Engineering
Organizational Structure CPWE
Technical Assistance
& Advisory Council
PTo
develop an interdisciplinary
effort related to the behavior of
low-rise buildings under severe
winds
NSF - FEMA
CSU Director
R.N. Meroney
PTo
change major wind disasters into
minor incidents
Wind Loads on
Low-rise Buildings
TTU Director
K.C. Mehta
Wind Engineering
Meteorology
Building
Aerodynamics
Wind Hazard
Economics
1
F1
3
Wind Loads
Wind Effects on Buildings
Wind Loads
TTU Wind Engineering Research Field Laboratory: WERFL
CSU Meteorological Wind Tunnels
Roof top
Building
Dimensions:
Height Width Length -
3m
10 m
20 m
Lee wall
External pressures
Side walls
Internal pressures
Tower
Dimensions:
Height - 50 m
Levels - 8
F1
6
F1
5
4
F1
Wind Loads
Wind Loads
Building Aerodynamics
Local Pressure Coefficient Results
Internal Pressure Coefficient Results
2% wall opening & 0.025% porosity
Roof Covering Problems
0o

4.0
3.0
µ=0.025 %
2.0
2%
1.0
Cpi
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
Typical gable
roof damage
-3.0
0
90
180
270
Mean full scale
+ Pe ak full scale
- Peak full scale
Mean model
+ Pe ak model
- Peak model
360
Asphalt roofing
shingle tests in
wind tunnel
8
F1
F1
7
Building Aerodynamics: Instruments
Concrete roofing
paver displacement
tests in wind tunnel
3T & F1
9
Building Aerodynamics: Vortices
Wind Engineering Meteorology
CSU Tornado Simulator
Swirl ratio = S = Ro /(2Qh)
2 Ro
Press. Coef. = Cp = p/( ½U2)
Z
Q
1.0
Lowest pressure
S=0.08
0.0
h
-1.0
S=0.24
-2.0
S=0.4 0
-3.0
R
Cp
-4.0
-5.0
-6.0
-7.0
-8.0
10
F1
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1 .0
1.5
4T & F1
12
Computational Wind Engineering
New Extreme Wind Maps for ASCE 7-95 (CSU)
Mesoscale Modeling of Thunderstorms, Hurricanes, Tornadoes
and Downbursts
Grid 3
LES using CSU RAMS
5 nested grids down to
1m scale of flow from a
thunderstorm downburst
100
120
3
90
-1.0
R/Ro
1T & F1
11
Wind Speed Climatology
100
90 85
-1.5
Grid 5
140
5
1995 WIND MAP
50 year peak gust
110
150
F1
13
2T & F1
14
Prepared by Robert N. Meroney, June 2000