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Sex: Whether you are biologically male or
female
 Gender: All the psychological and social
characteristics associated with being
male or female; defined by one’s gender
identity and learned gender roles
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Sometimes known as sex roles; favored
pattern of behavior for males and
females
› E.g. girls are expected to be sensitive, and
boys dominant
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Gender Role Stereotypes: Oversimplified
beliefs (stereotypes) about what men
and women are really like
› Gender roles appear to be learned
› View the video: Killing Us Softly ( part 1)
› And snippet of :Tough Guise
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Psychoanalytic theory: is a largely
unconscious process governed by the
child’s emotions. They want to bond to
the opposite sex parent but fear the
jealous reaction of the same sex parent.
They unconsciously want to become like
the same sex parent in order to find
someone like their opposite sex parent.
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Learning Theories on gender state that
we learn what it means to be a man or
woman from information we receive
from our environment. They acquire
gender roles through imitation of models.
However, there is little evidence that
parents reinforce behavior that is gender
role appropriate often enough to
account for the early age at which
children begin to act out their “gender”
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These theorists propose that natural
selection has shaped both male and
female mating strategies to foster the
survival of offspring.
 Men look for: attractiveness as an
indicator of health
 Women look for: stable, committed
mates who are good providers
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They hypothesize that men are motivated to enter higher
paying fields because their earning power will help them
attract a youthful, fertile female
Women’s career decisions are less influenced by financial
concerns than are those men, because they know that it is
their attractiveness and not their earning power that will
enable them to attract a stable, committed, economically
successful mate.
Men want to have sex with more women to ensure their DNA
survives while women want to assure that their offspring are
protected and cared for. Promiscuity is frowned upon by
men because the child may not belong to him.
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Think about sex at least once a day
Men: 70% Women 33%
Think about sex several times a day
Men: 43% Women 13%
Enjoy sex a great deal
Men: 83% Women: 59%
Ever had sex on a first date
Men: 47% Women: 17%
Believe it’s okay to have sex for
Men: 35% Women: 18%
purely physical reasons
Approve of premarital sex
Men: 68% Women: 54%
Median number of lifetime sex partners Men: 8
Women: 3
Ever been unfaithful
Men: 21% Women: 11%
Always have an orgasm
Men: 74% Women: 30%
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Please come up with your own “theory”
or set of ideas on how gender
development occurs. You can be
creative! What messages did you get
growing up about being a man or
woman? Feel free to share some of your
experiences.
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Erogenous Zones: Areas of the body that
produce pleasure and/or provoke erotic
desires (genitals, breasts, etc.)
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Sex Drive: Strength of one’s motivation to
engage in sexual behavior
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Definition: Degree of emotional and
erotic attraction to members of the same
sex, opposite sex, or both sexes
Heterosexual: Romantically and erotically
attracted to the opposite sex
 Bisexual: Romantically and erotically
attracted to both sexes
 Homosexual: Romantically and erotically
attracted to the same sex
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Sexual response can be divided into four
phases that occur in the following order:
› Excitement: Initial signs of sexual arousal/Muscle
tension, sex flush, breathing faster/heart rate
goes up/reproductive organs engorged in blood
› Plateau: Physical arousal intensifies/point before
orgasm
› Orgasm: Climax and release of sexual
excitement
› Resolution: Return to lower levels of sexual
tension and arousal (return to non-excited state )
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Ejaculation: Release of sperm and
seminal fluid (semen) by the male at
orgasm
 Refractory Period: Short time period after
orgasm when males are unable to
orgasm again “ shut down”
phase/women do not necessarily have
this phase
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Full sexual relations by age 14
› Men 19% Women 7.5%
Males reporting premarital sex: 67 percent
Females reporting premarital sex: 47 percent
About 9 percent of males were predominately
homosexual
About 5 percent of females were predominately
homosexual
People ages 57 to 85 found that many were
sexually active well into their eighties.
Common barriers to sexual activity were health
problems or lack of a partner rather than a lack
of desire
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Paraphilias: Sexual deviations; tend to be
compulsive or destructive preferences or
behaviors
› Exhibitionism: “Flashing” genitals to unwilling
viewers
› Voyeurism: “peeping” or viewing the genitals
of others without their permission
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Sexual Sadism: Deriving sexual pleasure
from inflicting pain
 Sexual Masochism: Deriving sexual
pleasure from receiving pain
 Frotteurism: Sexually touching or rubbing
against a nonconsenting person, usually
in a public place like an elevator or
subway
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A disease that is passed from one person to
another by intimate physical contact; a
venereal disease
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV):
Sexually transmitted virus that disables the
immune system
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS): Caused by HIV and frequently fatal.
The immune system is weakened\
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› White Blood Cell count is often lowered
dangerously
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Sharing drug needles and syringes
Anal sex, with or without a condom
Unprotected sex (without a condom) with
an infected partner
Sex with someone you know, or do not
know, who has several partners
Vaginal or oral sex with an intravenous drug
user
Having many sex partners
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Not having sex
 Not injecting drugs
 Using a condom
 Sex with one mutually faithful, uninfected
partner
 Not engaging in sex while intoxicated
 Reducing the number of sex partners
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Elements necessary for a continuing
healthy sexual relationship
› Sexual anticipation
› Valuing one’s sexuality
› Feeling that you deserve sexual pleasure
› Valuing intimacy
› Trust and comfort
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Talk about meaningful things
 Show your feelings
 Don’t pretend everything is okay, even if
you are upset or dissatisfied
 Compromise
 Spend time together
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Don’t always try to be right. Be willing to
say your sorry and correct your mistakes
Don’t make your partner guess what you
want
 Be sensitive to your partners needs
 Understanding and Patience is key!
 Keep your own life and build a life
together
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The END
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Questions?
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Have a safe and happy love life!!!!
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