Target Industry Cluster Analysis Rivers Confluence Region, Iowa-Illinois-Missouri

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Target Industry

Cluster Analysis

Rivers Confluence Region, Iowa-Illinois-Missouri

Table of contents

01

02

03

Overview

Industry Cluster Analysis

Target Industry Cluster

01 overview

River Confluence Region, Tri-State

Overview

Rivers Confluence Region

The Rivers Confluence Region is comprised of three counties from three neighboring states: Iowa,

Illinois and Missouri. State

Highway 61 passes through the central part of the region connecting to I-80 to the north.

Hancock, IL

Lee, IA

Clark, MO

section 01

4

02

Industry cluster analysis

The River Confluence

Region, Tri-State

Industry cluster analysis

How to interpret cluster data results

The graph’s four quadrants tell a different story for each cluster.

Contains clusters that are more concentrated in the region but are declining (negative growth).

These clusters typically fall into the lower quadrant as job losses cause a decline in concentration.

Mature

Top left

(strong but declining)

Stars

Top right

Contains clusters that are more concentrated in the region and are

(strong and

growing. These clusters are strengths that help a community stand out from the competition.

Small, high-growth clusters can be expected to become more dominant over time.

advancing)

Contains clusters that are under-represented in the

Transforming

region (low concentration) and are also losing jobs.

Clusters in this region may indicate a gap in the workforce pipeline if local industries anticipate

Bottom left

(weak and declining)

a future need. In general, clusters in this quadrant show a lack of competitiveness. section 02

Emerging

Bottom right

(weak but advancing)

Contains clusters that are under-represented in the region but are growing, often quickly. If growth trends continue, these clusters will eventually move into the top right quadrant. Clusters in this quadrant are considered emerging strengths for the region.

Modified from: http://www.charlestonregionaldata.com/bubble-chart-explanation/

6

Industry and occupation

Industry cluster bubble chart

Mature Star

120%

Glass & Ceramics, 0,32 , 17

Emerging Transforming

Note: Glass & Ceramics and clusters have too few jobs section 02

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

Note: Label includes cluster name, LQ 2014, and Employment 2014; NAICS 2012 definitions

7

Industry and occupation

Manufacturing sub-cluster bubble chart

Mature Star

Transforming

Emerging

Note: Transportation Equipment Manufacturing cluster has too few jobs. Electrical Equipment, Appliance & Component Manufacturing cluster does not exist in the region. section 02

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

Note: Label includes cluster name, LQ 2014, and Employment 2014; NAICS 2012 definition

8

Industry cluster analysis

Mature Clusters

Primary Metal Manufacturing ( 8.31

; 582)

Fabricated Metal Product Mfg. ( 2.28

; 570)

Manufacturing Supercluster ( 1.95

; 2,031)

Computer & Electronic Product Mfg. ( 1.27

; 232)

Transportation & Logistics ( 1.14

; 1,106)

Biomed/Biotechnical (Life Science) ( 1.08

; 2,582)

Energy(Fossil & Renewable) ( 1.06

; 1,751)

Transforming Clusters

Arts, Ent, Recreation. & Visitor Industries ( 0.49

; 621)

Information Technology & Telecom. ( 0.41

; 496)

Printing & Publishing ( 0.41

; 214)

Education & Knowledge Creation ( 0.23

; 161)

Apparel & Textiles ( 0.19

; 43)

Transportation Equipment Mfg. ( 0.13

; 36)

Star Clusters

Agribusiness, Food Processing & Tech ( 5.22

; 4,743)

Mining ( 4.29

; 391)

Chemicals/Chemical-based Prod ( 3.24

; 1,207)

Machinery Manufacturing ( 3.02

; 612)

Advanced Materials ( 2.42

; 2,208)

Forest & Wood Products ( 1.16

; 507)

Percent Growth in Specialization

Emerging Clusters

Business & Financial Services ( 0.46

; 1,886)

Glass & Ceramics ( 0.32

; 17)

Defense & Security ( 0.31

; 399) section 02

NOTE: The first number after each cluster represents its location quotient while the second number represents the number of total jobs (full and part time jobs by place of work) in that cluster in the region in 2014. The clusters are sorted in decreasing order by location quotient.

9

Industry and occupation

Bubble chart interpretation

Mature Industries

Star Industries

Seven industry clusters in the Rivers Confluence

Region are in the Maturing stage: Primary Metal Mfg.,

Fabricated Metal Product Mfg., Manufacturing

Supercluster, Computer & Electronic Product Mfg.,

Transportation & Logistics, Biomed/Biotechnical, and

Energy. These industries are relatively concentrated, but their growth is trending downward. It is worth noting, however, that the Rivers Confluence Region may find it worthwhile to invest in efforts to shore up the concentration of these industries.

Star industry clusters are highly concentrated, exporting and still experiencing growth in the region.

The most highly concentrated of the Star industry clusters in the Rivers Confluence Region is

Agribusiness, Food Processing & Technology. Its location quotient is 5.22, indicating that the cluster is 5 times more concentrated in the region compared to the

U.S. The other strong clusters in the region are Mining,

Chemicals/Chemical-based Products, Machinery

Manufacturing, Forest and Wood Product, and

Advanced Materials.

Transforming Industries

Emerging Industries

Transforming clusters capture the mix of industries that are experiencing relative decline and limited export capability. In the Rivers Confluence Region,

Arts, Ent, Recreation. & Visitor Industries, Information

Technology & Telecom., Printing & Publishing,

Education & Knowledge Creation, Apparel & Textiles,

Transportation Equipment Mfg., are all Transforming clusters. Any amount of growth in these industries would require relatively large investments.

Industry clusters that may be poised for future growth are classified as “Emerging.” There are three Emerging clusters in the Rivers Confluence Region: Business &

Financial Services, Defense & Security and Glass &

Ceramics.

section 02 Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

10

03

Target

Industry cluster

Agribusiness, Food

Processing and Technology

Advanced Materials

Biomedical/Biotechnical

(Life Sciences)

Chemicals

Shift-Share Analysis by Top Industry Sectors: The River Confluence Region, IA

Agribusiness, Food Processing and Technology Cluster

Industries

Animal Production

Wet Corn Milling

Crop Production

Meat Processed from Carcasses

Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing

Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers

Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating

Grain and Field Bean Merchant Wholesalers

Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment

Merchant Wholesalers

Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering

Farm Labor Contractors and Crew Leaders

Farm Management Services

Other Animal Food Manufacturing

All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing

Jobs 2014

1,930

747

411

339

280

234

178

166

144

112

60

44

33

14

National Trend,

2009-2014

142

55

36

23

16

11

7

17

11

3

2

5

4

0

Industry Trend,

2009-2014

-182

328

-32

-14

9

0

12

6

-1

-9

3

4

-2

0

Note: Upward arrow ( ) indicates regional competitiveness. EMSI does not include detailed sectors for Cotton Ginning section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

Regional

Performance,

2009-2014

94

-359

-65

33

44

76

65

-82

-14

50

0

-7

4

14

12

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Agribusiness, Food Processing and Technology Cluster

Industries

Crop Production

Animal Production and Aquaculture

Rail transportation

Natural Gas Distribution

Other Animal Food Manufacturing

Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers

General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload

Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering

Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing

Meat Processed from Carcasses

Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing **

Inland Water Freight Transportation *

Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing **

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Wet Corn Milling

Estimated Input

($ Millions), 2013

$464.47

$142.74

$46.07

$45.88

$37.86

$27.98

$20.71

$19.46

$18.02

$17.54

$16.21

$15.23

$13.11

$12.95

$10.19

Note: * industry sector has less than 10 jobs as calculated by EMSI; ** industry sector is not present in the region.

% In-Region

4%

3%

23%

26%

4%

4%

28%

53%

98%

58%

0%

4%

0%

5%

99%

% Out of Region

96%

97%

77%

74%

96%

96%

72%

47%

2%

42%

100%

96%

100%

95%

1% section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

13

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Agribusiness, Food Processing and Technology Cluster section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

14

Top Occupations: The River Confluence Region, IA

Agribusiness, Food Processing and Technology Cluster

Occupations Jobs 2014

% Change,

2009-2014

Median Hourly

Earnings, $

2014

$10.9

Entry Level Education

High school diploma or equivalent Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers

Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and

Greenhouse

Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders

Food Batchmakers

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers,

Hand

Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers

Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing,

Except Technical and Scientific Products

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers

Production Workers, All Other

First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating

Workers

Animal Trainers

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General

Nonfarm Animal Caretakers

Industrial Machinery Mechanics

Agricultural Equipment Operators

1,977

258

165

158

119

97

73

71

70

66

61

60

58

55

55

-1%

18%

9%

7%

7%

24%

16%

15%

17%

12%

7%

13%

26%

20%

38%

$10.3

$13.8

$15.8

$13.2

$12.2

$21.2

$16.1

$13.2

$23.6

$14.5

$19.3

$12.0

$20.5

$16.3

Less than high school

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

Less than high school

Less than high school

High school diploma or equivalent

Postsecondary non-degree award

High school diploma or equivalent

Postsecondary non-degree award

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

Less than high school

High school diploma or equivalent

Less than high school

Note: SOC (Standard Occupation Classification) 5-digit occupations are included by jobs in 2014. Extended proprietors include estimates for underreported self employment, proprietorships, trusts, partnerships and cooperatives. section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

15

Shift-Share Analysis by Top Industry Sectors: The River Confluence Region, IA

Advanced Materials Cluster

Industries

Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use

Steel Foundries (except Investment)

Other Electronic Component Manufacturing

Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper

Manufacturing

All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product

Manufacturing

Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing

Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory

Manufacturing

Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting)

Machine Shops

All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and

Preparation Manufacturing

Paint and Coating Manufacturing

Plate Work Manufacturing

Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities

Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use

Other Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing

Note: Upward arrow ( ) indicates regional competitiveness. section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

Jobs 2014

172

149

68

67

48

33

32

32

27

594

515

207

187

16

13

National Trend,

2009-2014

29

42

23

12

8

12

0

0

8

5

3

3

0

0

6

Industry Trend,

2009-2014

32

15

-34

-22

3

-15

1

0

15

1

0

1

0

0

18

Regional

Performance,

2009-2014

158

-91

-83

43

50

-3

60

61

-76

-33

-5

-15

27

16

-92

16

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Advanced Materials Cluster

Industries

Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing **

Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing **

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing

Machine Shops

Paper (except Newsprint) Mills **

Petrochemical Manufacturing **

Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers

Adhesive Manufacturing *

Paperboard Mills **

Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use

Logging

Rail transportation

All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing

Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing

Estimated Input

($ Millions), 2013

$4.67

$4.55

$4.50

$4.23

$4.04

$4.00

$3.43

$17.21

$8.64

$7.38

$7.25

$7.14

$6.82

$5.60

$5.10

Note: * industry sector has less than 10 jobs as calculated by EMSI; ** industry sector is not present in the region.

% In-Region

0%

0%

71%

2%

27%

0%

0%

0%

0%

5%

46%

4%

0%

0%

3% section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

% Out of Region

100%

100%

29%

98%

73%

100%

100%

100%

100%

95%

54%

96%

100%

100%

97%

17

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Advanced Materials Cluster section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

18

Top Occupations: The River Confluence Region, IA

Advanced Materials Cluster

Occupations Jobs 2014

% Change,

2009-2014

Median Hourly

Earnings, $

2014

Entry Level Education

Production Workers, All Other

Team Assemblers

First-Line Supervisors of Production and

Operating Workers

Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine

Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and

Plastic

Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and

Weighers

103

91

85

82

16%

-6%

-2%

3%

$13.2

$14.9

$23.6

$11.7

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

Postsecondary non-degree award

High school diploma or equivalent

Tire Builders

Machinists

Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting

Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders

Foundry Mold and Coremakers

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General

77

74

72

68

56

55

7%

57%

-9%

48%

4%

2%

$17.0

$18.1

$17.6

$14.3

$15.9

$19.3

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

Industrial Machinery Mechanics

Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators,

46

Note: SOC (Standard Occupation Classification) 5-digit occupations are included by jobs in 2014. Extended proprietors include estimates for underreported self

40

10%

-2%

$20.5

$18.9

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers section 03

35

35

-10%

-3%

$17.8

High school diploma or equivalent

$32.3

Bachelor's degree

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material

33 -3% $13.2

Less than high school

19

Shift-Share Analysis by Top Industry Sectors: The River Confluence Region, IA

Biomedical/Biotechnical (Life Sciences) Cluster

Industries Jobs 2014

National Trend,

2009-2014

General Medical and Surgical Hospitals

Nursing Care Facilities (Skilled Nursing Facilities)

Assisted Living Facilities for the Elderly

Home Health Care Services

Pharmacies and Drug Stores

Other Residential Care Facilities

Ambulance Services

All Other Health and Personal Care Stores

Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse

Facilities

Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse

Centers

Residential Intellectual and Developmental

Disability Facilities

Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities

Kidney Dialysis Centers

Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies, and Perfume Stores

950

512

267

253

161

99

63

54

42

39

38

27

21

18

5

1

Note: Upward arrow ( ) indicates regional competitiveness. EMSI estimates show no jobs for Dental Laboratories.

0

0

1

12

2

5

4

87

49

9

16

0

Industry Trend,

2009-2014

-15

-3

2

1

-54

-46

9

42

0

8

0

0

1

1 section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

Regional

Performance,

2009-2014

-226

-137

137

-20

8

74

-8

-7

40

-36

26

27

15

-3

20

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Biomedical/Biotechnical (Life Sciences) Cluster

Industries

Estimated Input

($ Millions), 2013

% In-Region

Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers

Temporary Help Services

Offices of Lawyers

Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers **

Investment Advice

Direct Life Insurance Carriers *

Administrative Management and General Management

Consulting Services

Office Administrative Services

In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing **

Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing**

Wired Telecommunication Carriers

Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing**

Ambulance Services

Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing**

All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing**

$1.73

$1.42

$1.42

$1.40

$1.09

$1.02

$0.85

$0.76

$0.66

$2.70

$2.29

$2.25

$1.96

$1.84

$1.77

8%

57%

9%

0%

61%

2%

7%

20%

0%

0%

24%

0%

87%

0%

0%

Note: * industry sector has less than 10 jobs as calculated by EMSI; ** industry sector is not present in the region. section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

% Out of Region

93%

80%

100%

100%

76%

100%

13%

100%

100%

92%

43%

91%

100%

39%

98%

21

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Biomedical/Biotechnical (Life Sciences) Cluster

Note: Top 15 related input sectors are included. Large supply chain gaps such as petroleum refineries are excluded. section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

22

Top Occupations: The River Confluence Region, IA

Biomedical/Biotechnical (Life Sciences) Cluster

Occupations

Nursing Assistants

Registered Nurses

Home Health Aides

Personal Care Aides

Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational

Nurses

Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners

Pharmacy Technicians

Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria

Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics

Medical and Health Services Managers

Food Servers, Nonrestaurant

Pharmacists

Retail Salespersons

Cashiers

Jobs 2014

412

384

188

117

94

82

72

64

53

52

46

39

38

35

26

% Change,

2009-2014

-8%

-13%

40%

41%

-5%

-2%

4%

12%

-5%

-9%

10%

-3%

-3%

-3%

-13%

Median Hourly

Earnings, $

2014

Entry Level Education

$10.4

Postsecondary non-degree award

$23.5

Associate's degree

$8.7

Less than high school

$8.8

Less than high school

$16.3

Postsecondary non-degree award

$7.9

Less than high school

$12.6

High school diploma or equivalent

$9.8

Less than high school

$14.7

Postsecondary non-degree award

$29.9

Bachelor's degree

$9.1

Less than high school

$50.8

Doctoral or professional degree

$10.7

Less than high school

$8.8

Less than high school

$20.2

Associate's degree section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

23

Shift-Share Analysis by Top Industry Sectors: The River Confluence Region, IA

Chemicals Cluster

Industries Jobs 2014

National Trend,

2009-2014

Industry Trend,

2009-2014

Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use

Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing

Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing

Plastics Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing

All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and

Preparation Manufacturing

Paint and Coating Manufacturing

Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant

Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals)

Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

594

280

149

47

33

32

22

15

12

29

16

12

2

5

3

1

1

5

32

9

-15

-1

1

0

-1

-2

1

Note: Upward arrow ( ) indicates regional competitiveness. EMSI estimates show no jobs for Adhesive Manufacturing; Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing;

Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased

Glass; and Other Concrete Product Manufacturing in Chemicals Cluster. Chemical cluster in River Confluence Region is comprised of few industry sectors.

Regional

Performance,

2009-2014

158

44

-3

24

-33

-1

-65

-5

9 section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors). 24

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Chemicals Cluster

Industries

Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing

Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing **

Petroleum Refineries **

Natural Gas Distribution

Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing **

Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing **

Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing **

Petrochemical Manufacturing **

Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers

Rail transportation

Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use

Logging

Machine Shops

Estimated Input

($ Millions), 2013

$17.29

$15.56

$14.87

$13.70

$12.59

$10.50

$7.89

$7.38

$5.81

$5.57

$5.38

$5.33

$4.43

$4.23

$4.00

Note: * industry sector has less than 10 jobs as calculated by EMSI; ** industry sector is not present in the region. section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

% In-Region

0%

3%

27%

71%

2%

4%

99%

0%

0%

53%

0%

47%

5%

0%

0%

% Out of Region

100%

97%

73%

29%

98%

96%

1%

100%

100%

47%

100%

53%

95%

100%

100%

25

Top 15 Inputs by Dollars: The River Confluence Region, IA

Chemicals Cluster section 03

Source: EMSI Class of Worker 2014.4 (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors).

26

Top Occupations: The River Confluence Region, IA

Chemicals Cluster

Occupations Jobs 2014

Chemical Plant and System Operators

Tire Builders

Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting

Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders

Production Workers, All Other

First-Line Supervisors of Production and

Operating Workers

Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders

Team Assemblers

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General

Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and

Weighers

Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders

Tenders

33

Industrial Machinery Mechanics 32

Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders section 03

23

Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine

80

74

68

61

46

45

42

39

37

36

34

% Change,

2009-2014

10%

57%

51%

24%

12%

5%

27%

22%

16%

38%

-19%

-3%

23%

53%

Median Hourly

Earnings, $

2014

$22.2

$18.1

$14.3

$13.2

$23.6

$15.2

$14.9

$16.1

$19.3

$17.0

$23.0

$13.8

$20.5

$16.1

Entry Level Education

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

Postsecondary non-degree award

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

Postsecondary non-degree award

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent

High school diploma or equivalent 27

High school diploma or

Report Contributors

This report was prepared by the Purdue Center for Regional Development, in partnership with the Southern Rural Development Center and USDA Rural Development, in support of the Stronger Economies Together program.

Report Authors

Bo Beaulieu, PhD

Indraneel Kumar, PhD

Andrey Zhalnin, PhD

Data Analysis

Ayoung Kim

Francisco Scott

Report Design

Tyler Wright

This report was supported, in part, by grant from the USDA Rural Development through the auspices of the Southern Rural Development

Center. It was produced in support of the Stronger Economies Together (SET) program.

28

The Purdue Center for Regional Development (PCRD) seeks to pioneer new ideas and strategies that contribute to regional collaboration, innovation and prosperity.

For more information, please contact:

Dr. Bo Beaulieu,

PCRD Director: ljb@purdue.edu

Or

765-494-7273

September 2015

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