Welcome to Marquette
University’s Hazardous Waste
and Emergency Procedures
Awareness Training
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Why am I here?
• Handle or generate hazardous materials
• Formal personnel training program is a requirement for
large quantity generators (49 CFR 265.16)
• To be trained on the proper procedures of accumulating
and storing hazardous materials to ensure compliance with
the law
• To prevent personal injury, property damage, or a major
spill
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Agenda
• Marquette’s Classification & History
• Hazardous Waste Characteristics
• Recognizing Hazardous Materials
• Handling Hazardous Materials & Proper Personal
Protective Equipment
• Satellite Accumulation Procedures
• 90-Day Storage Area Procedures
• Spill Response, Clean-Up, Emergency Response and
Preparedness
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Acronyms
• EPA =
Environmental Protection Agency
» Determines what is a hazardous waste
• DOT =
Department of Transportation
» Regulates transportation of hazardous materials
• RCRA =
Resource Conservation & Recovery Act
» Governs the disposal of solid and hazardous wastes
• DNR =
Department of Natural Resources
» Governs over the generators of hazardous waste
• OSHA =
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
» Regulates hazardous materials in the workplace
• PPE =
Personal Protective Equipment
» Last line of defense against hazardous materials
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Marquette’s History and Classification
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Marquette’s Hazardous Waste
History
• In 2010:
– 8,281 pounds of Hazardous Waste
– 1,204 pound of Non-Hazardous Waste
• In 2009:
– 20,157 pounds of Hazardous Waste
– 13,413 pounds of Non-Hazardous Waste
• In 2008:
– 8,623 pounds of Hazardous Waste
– 2,198 pounds of Non-Hazardous Waste
• In 2007:
– 12,397 pounds of Hazardous Waste
– 8,018 pounds of Non-Hazardous Waste
• Halogenated Solvents and Non-Halogenated Solvents
• Veolia ES Technical Solutions disposes of materials
• Small Quantity Generator to a Large Quantity Generator
• Developing procedures and plans to comply with new regulations
from this transition
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Three Categories of Generators
 Very Small Quantity Generator (VSQG)
–
< 220 lbs/month generation or < 2205 lbs total accumulation
 Small Quantity Generator (SQG)
–
220 - 2205 lbs/month generation or < 13,230 lbs total accumulation
 Large Quantity Generator (LQG)
–
> 2205 lbs generation/month or > 13,230 lbs total
accumulation
 Acute Waste
–
>2.2 lbs/month generation or > 2.2 lbs accumulation at any time
makes you a LQG
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How much is that?
2200 lbs. (1000 kg) is about five 55-gallon
drums
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Hazardous Waste Determination
Characteristic versus Listed Wastes
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Hazardous Waste Determination
•EPA Listed Wastes
–P Listed: Unused acutely
Hazardous Waste
–U Listed: Unused non-acutely
hazardous waste
• Characteristic Wastes
–
–
–
–
Ignitability
Corrosivity
Toxicity
Reactivity
–K Listed: Waste from Specific
Sources
–F Listed: Waste from NonSpecific Sources
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Ignitable Wastes
Flashpoint <140° F, or solids that easily catch fire.
- Examples: acetone, xylene, and acetonitrile and other solvents
Compressed flammable gases, such as propane
Flammable solids, such as road flares or carbon.
Ignitable materials are represented by a D001 waste code.
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Corrosive Wastes
- pH <2 or >12.5
- Capable of corroding steel at a rate
greater than 0.25 inches per year.
Examples: nitric acid, aqueous sodium
hydroxide, hydrochloric acid.
Potassium Tert-butoxide,
a flammable solid
Corrosive materials are represented by
a D002 waste code.
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Reactive Wastes
Materials that undergo violent change:
- react violently with water or air
- capable of detonation
- create toxic gases when exposed to pH extremes
Examples: sodium metal, extremely dry picric acid, and organic peroxides.
Reactive materials are represented by a
D003 waste code.
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Toxic Wastes
-
Materials that are poisonous, harmful and potentially deadly
Examples: lead acetate, mercuric chloride, benzene.
The wastes are represented by codes from D004 – D043. These codes are
specific to material types. For example: Mercury has a D009 code,
Benzene has D018.
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Examples of Toxic Contaminants
Heavy Metals:
arsenic, barium, cadmium,
chromium, lead, mercury,
selenium, silver
Pesticides:
Chlordane, 2,4-D, Endrin,
Lindane, Heptachlor,
Methoxychlor, Silvex
(2,4,5-TP), Toxaphene.
Organics:
benzene, carbon
tetrachloride,
chlorobenzene,
chloroform,
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Organics, continued:
cresol, 1,4-dichlorobenzene,
1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1dichloroethylene, 2,4dinitrotoluene,
hexachlorobenzene,
hexachlorobutadiene,
hexachloroethane, methyl ethyl
ketone, nitrobenzene,
pentachlorophenol, pyridine,
tetrachloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, 2,4,5trichlrophenol, 2,4,6trichlorophenol, vinyl chloride.
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Contact Dennis Daye (414) 288-8411 if
you have questions about the status of
your waste.
Hazardous Waste Management can be very
confusing and we are here to help you!
Aaron Walters, Veolia Environmental Services
On campus Wednesday from 2-4 PM
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Recognizing Hazardous Materials
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Recognizing Hazardous Materials
• Read Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS)
– A document provided by the
manufacturer
– Contain ingredients and lists the hazards
of materials
– Lists routes of exposure and proper PPE
that should be worn when handling
– Has spill response, disposal and other
environmental information
– Contains contacts if further information is
needed
M
S
D
S
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http://cispro.mu.edu/
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National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) Label
•NFPA
–Colors and numbers are
used to communicate the
potential hazards of a
material.
Flammability
Hazard
Health
Hazard
Reactivity
Hazard
Specific
Hazards
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NFPA: Health Hazard
Number Rating
W ord Rating
Description of
Degree of Danger
0
minimal
Little or no damage, even
w ith heavy exposures.
1
slight
Irritation or minor injury
that can be cured.
2
moderate
3
serious
4
severe
M ay cause temp. or perm.
minor injury or make you
unable to function.
Short exposure may cause
serious injury and requires
quick medical attention.
Short exposure may cause
death or serious injury.
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NFPA: Flammability Hazard
Number Rating
Word Rating Description of Degree
of Danger
0
minimal
1
slight
2
moderate
3
serious
4
severe
Does not normally burn even
when heated to 1500 deg F
Will burn but must be
heated, FP200°F
Must be heated somewhat
before burning or may form
harmful gases if heated.
FP=100°-200°F
Can be ignited easily, burns
rapidly or ignites on
exposure to air. FP=<100°F
Gives off explosive vapors at
room temperature (73°F)
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NFPA: Reactivity Hazard
Number Rating
Word Rating
0
minimal
1
slight
2
moderate
3
serious
4
severe
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Description of Degree of
Danger
Usually does not change even
during conditions of fire.
Usually does not change, but
may release some energy at high
temperatures and pressures.
Usually changes easily, may
undergo strong changes (not
releasing energy suddenly/not
exploding) although it may be
explosive in water.
M ay explode but needs a strong
start (example - high
temperature, pressure, or shock).
Slight shock, pressure, or
temperature may cause an
explosion.
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NFPA: Specific Hazards
Hazard
Abbreviation
Oxidizer
OX
Acid
ACID
Alkali
ALK
Use No Water
W
Radioactive
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Hazardous Materials
Identification System(HMIS)
Label
Colors, numbers, and letters are used to communicate the
potential hazards of a material as well as what kind of
protective equipment should be worn.
HEALTH
0-4
FLAMMABILITY
0-4
REACTIVITY
0-4
PERSONAL PROTECTION
letter
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HMIS: Personal Protection
G
Safety glasses/gloves
/vapor respirator
A
Safety glasses
B
Safety glasses/gloves
H
Goggles/gloves/apron/
vapor respirator
C
Safety glasses/gloves/apron
I
Safety glasses/gloves/dust
and vapor respirator
D
Face shield/gloves/apron
J
E
Safety glasses/gloves/dust
respirator
Goggles/gloves/apron/dust
and vapor respirator
K
F
Safety glasses/gloves/dust
respirator/apron
Airline hood or
mask/gloves/protective
coveralls/boots
X
Ask your supervisor
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DOT Hazard Classes
Department of Transportation (DOT) Hazard
Class Diamonds and Placards
–Containers and trucks are marked with diamonds to
inform you of the material’s hazard class
•
Class 1 – Explosives
•
Class 2 – Gases
•
Class 6 – Toxic
Materials and Infectious
Substances
•
Class 7 – Radioactive
Materials
•
Class 3 – Flammable Liquids
•
Class 4 – Flammable Solids
•
Class 8 – Corrosive
Materials
•
Class 5 – Oxidizers and
Organic Peroxides
•
Class 9 – Miscellaneous
Hazardous Materials
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DOT Labels
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Hazardous Material Handling
and Proper Personal Protective Equipment
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Considerations when Handling
Hazardous Materials
• Use common sense!
• Think before you act
• Follow good housekeeping procedures
– Clean-up after yourself
• Always wear the proper PPE
• Know the hazards of the materials you are working with!
• Create and use chemical specific SOP’s (Safe Operating
Procedures)
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Material Handling and
Proper PPE
Controlling Hazards
1. Engineering Controls
• Eliminate the hazard from the workplace
2. Administrative Controls
• Limit worker contact with the hazard
• Training/Procedures, Good Housekeeping
3. PPE
• LAST RESORT
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PPE = Last Resort
• When PPE is the primary control measure, the
hazard is still present in the environment
• Failure of the PPE or improper usage can
expose the worker to the full effect of the
hazards present in the environment
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Types of PPE
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Head Protection
Eye/Face Protection
Hearing Protection
Foot Protection
Respiratory Protection
Hand and Arm Protection
Electrical Protective Devices
Special Work Clothing
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Considerations for PPE Selection:
• The types of hazards you will be in contact with
– Physical Hazards
– Chemical Hazards
• The specific chemicals you will be in contact with
• The concentration of these chemicals
• The length of time the PPE is to be worn
• The durability of the PPE
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PPE continued
• PPE Limitations
–
–
–
–
–
Degradation
Permeation/Breakthrough
Penetration
Tears/Rips
Location
• PPE Failure
– Knowing how to recognize PPE failure is crucial since PPE is the last
line of protection between you and the chemical
– Limit contact time with the chemical/hazard and inspect and change
PPE frequently
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Satellite Accumulation Procedures
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Satellite Accumulation
• “A generator may accumulate as much as 55 gallons of
hazardous waste…in containers at or near any point of
generation…which is under the control of the operator…”
• Up to 1 quart of acutely hazardous waste (P-coded) can be
collected in a satellite accumulation area
• Your research labs, student labs or other rooms where
materials are collected and accumulated are considered to
be Satellite Accumulation Areas
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Satellite Accumulation
•Material name must be on label –
NO CHEMICAL FORMULAS OR
ABBREVIATIONS!!!
•The container must have the words
“hazardous waste”
• Containers must remain closed when not adding waste
• Must be leak-proof and in good condition
• Containers must be compatible with contents
– No corrosive materials in metal containers
• Store liquid wastes in secondary containers
– Must be able to hold 110% of the largest containers volume
• Containers must be moved to storage location within 3 days after
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Accumulation Start Date
There are two (2) Regulations to follow:
1. Material can not be stored / accumulated in satellite
accumulation area for more than one year.
2. Material can not be stored for more than 90 days in 90-Day
Storage Area.
So, please put the date that you start accumulating material on the
Hazardous Waste Tag.
Before submitting for disposal, please cross-out and initial by the old
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date and write in the current date
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Example of Inadequate Labeling
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Example of Inadequate Labeling
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Example of Inadequate Labeling
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Container Management
• Attach label BEFORE adding waste
• Container must be closed when not adding waste
– Lids must be on – no funnels
• Containers should be kept in their designated areas
• Keep the outsides of containers free of waste
• Do not use the top of the container as a storage shelf
• Free access to containers must be maintained at all times!
• Segregate Chemicals according to compatibility
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MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY IN STORAGE
Keep stored incompatible chemicals apart from each other. Keep incompatible chemicals apart by cabinet, drawer, shelving unit or shelf. For
liquid and high hazard chemicals, secondary containers are effective tools to prevent reactions between incompatible chemicals. When storing
reactive chemicals, secondary containment can prevent degradation and reactions that occur during storage. It is best to use secondary
containers made of materials that are non-reactive (i.e., polyethylene, polypropylene). Refer to Marquette’s Guidelines for Preventing Chemical
Incompatibility Hazards.
Hazard Storage Class
Storage Type
Examples
Corrosives Cabinet
Conc. Hydrochloric Acid (37%), Phosphoric Acid
Less than concentrated: Sulfuric Acid, Nitric Acid
Organic Acids
Corrosives Cabinet
Dichloroacetic Acid, EDTA (ethylenedinitrilo tetraacetic
acid), Thimerosal
Bases
Corrosives Cabinet
Ammonium Hydroxide, Calcium Oxide, Potassium
Hydroxide, Sodium Hydroxide
Oxidizing / Special
Handling Inorganic
Acids
Corrosives Cabinet
Bromine, Hydrofluoric Acid
Cabinet labeled ‘Oxidizing / Special Handling Inorganic Acids’
Separate secondary containment for each (& label)
Concentrated: Nitric Acid (70%) , Perchloric Acid (60%),
Sulfuric Acid (96%)
Oxidizers
General Storage Cabinet
Cabinet labeled ‘Oxidizers’
Sodium Hypochlorite. The following are generally
considered oxidizing substances: Peroxides,
Perchlorates, Chlorates, Nitrates, Nitrites and less
than concentrated Perchloric Acid.
Toxics
Designated Storage Cabinet
Chloroform, Ethidium Bromide, Lead, Mercury
Compounds, Potassium Cyanide, Phenol
Flammables
Flammable Storage Cabinet
Only keep flammables in a flammable cabinet
Acetone, Acetic Acid, Benzene, Ethyl Ether, Formaldehyde,
Heptane, Hexane, Methanol, Pentane, Picric Acid, Toluene,
Xylene
General Storage Cabinet
Double check NFPA Ratings to ensure general storage is
appropriate
Inorganic Acids
Do not store acids and bases in same cabinet
NONE
Do not store acids and bases in same cabinet
Cabinet labeled ‘Toxics’ , use secondary containment
If there is an asterisk with the hazard storage class number (6*), the chemical is considered to be a particularly hazardous substance
by Marquette University. A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is required for all particularly hazardous substances.
90-Day Hazardous Waste Accumulation Area
Procedures
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90-Day Storage Area
• Full, labeled and dated containers should be brought here for
storage until the next waste pickup
• Accumulation date is the date it is brought into storage area
• Containers labeled and label is facing forwards
• Containers must be clean, closed and intact
• Incompatible materials must be segregated
• There must be at least 3 feet of aisle space at all times
• The area must be free of debris and spills
These parameters above are federal & state regulations that must
be followed or fines will be incurred!!
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• The 90-day storage area is inspected weekly to ensure that
all of these regulations are complied with
• Waste can only be stored in the accumulation area for 90
days
• Any waste brought into the storage area must be marked
on the waste generation form that is to be sent to Dennis
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Marquette University
Chemical Waste Inventory Disposal
Date:
11/05/08
Location / Room #
Person(s) doing inventory / Contact Person(s)
Chemical Name / Description
Toluene
Olin Engineering 126
Dept.
Page
Jon Pipkorn
1
of
1
Phone Ext.
(S)olid,
(L)iquid or
(G)as
Container
Size
Total
Estimated
Quality
Wgt./Vol.
Liquid
4L
2L
Container
Type
Glass
No. of
Containers
Comments
1
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Your Responsibilities
• You must fill out an inventory of material generated or discarded
and send it to Dennis
– State and Federal Regulations State:
“The identity and location of all stored hazardous waste shall be known
throughout the entire accumulation period.”
– To maintain documentation of hazardous waste that is currently being stored, in
case of an emergency
– Makes waste shipment easier
– Aids in determining waste generation rate
– Helps identify waste minimization opportunities
• Please fill out sheet for materials to be disposed of on a regular
basis
• Inspect your work area to ensure proper procedures and practices
are being followed
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90-Day Hazardous Waste Storage
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What
happens
when an
Acid and
Oxidizer
are
mixed?
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Spill Response, Clean-Up, and Emergency
Response
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Please reference the Marquette University
Emergency Procedures Guide and
Contingency Plan for further details on what
to do in case of an emergency.
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Mercury Thermometer
Exchange Program
• Replace mercury
thermometers with alcohol
thermometers for FREE
• The new alcohol
thermometers will be paid
for by EHS
• Eliminates the possibility of
mercury spills occurring
• Please fill out the “Mercury
Thermometer Exchange
Request” Form and send to
Dennis Daye
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Causes of a Spill
Causes of chemical spills are as follows:
• Inappropriate handling techniques;
• Inappropriate storage containers;
• Damaged storage containers;
• Uncontrolled access to chemical storage;
• Lack of chemical-related training; and
• Lack of supervision.
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Dangers of Chemical Spills
• Slip, trip, fall hazard
• Contamination of other materials
• Risk of Fire
• Possible Release to the Environment
• Routes of Exposure to Hazardous Materials
–
–
–
–
Inhalation
Injection
Ingestion
Absorption
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Dangerous to you…
Why chemicals are dangerous?
• Chemicals can cause:
- Burns
- Adverse health effects
- Permanent disabilities
- Death
• Sometimes problems occur immediately (Acute effect)
• Others may happen after years of exposure (Chronic
effect).
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Spill Prevention Planning
• Only buy and store amount of material needed
• Buy the least hazardous materials possible
• Use non-hazardous materials when possible
• Minimize traffic in the area
• Store liquid wastes in secondary containers
• Regularly inspect containers to ensure their integrity
• Be aware of evacuation routes and emergency equipment
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Managing A Spill
What type and size of spills am I capable of managing?
You should only be cleaning up small spills (less than 1
gallon) of known materials that you work with on a regular
basis after you have had attended a hands-on training
session given by the EHS department.
Small spill clean-up kits are located in the 90-day storage area
and in “all” laboratories.
Notify the Public Safety Department (x8-1911) for larger
spills, or spills containing reactive or highly toxic materials.
Public Safety will notify the proper authorities.
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Spill Kits
These spill kits contain
everything you need to
properly manage a
small spill in your labs.
These are available for
$48 each.
Please contact Dennis
Daye to place an order
and purchase.
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Managing A Spill…
•
In the event of a chemical spill, first decide if you are trained,
knowledgeable and equipped to handle the incident.
•
Prepare a plan of action (e.g. waiting for help, attend to injured, shutting
off the valve, turn off ignition sources in presence of flammables if safe to
do so)
•
Immediately evacuate the lab and notify Public Safety if there is a
possibility of an acute respiratory hazard present or if you need assistance
to clean up the spill.
–
Never proceed to clean up a spill if you do not know the hazards associated with the chemical
or if you are unsure of how to clean up the spill.
•
If anyone is injured or contaminated, immediately notify Public Safety and
begin decontamination measures or first aid, if trained.
•
Make sure to wear the proper PPE.
–
Apron, Gloves, Goggles, etc.
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Managing A Spill…
Contain the spill (Stopping the source and stopping the
spread)
• stopping the source includes:
–
–
–
–
Closing a valve;
Shutting down a pump to stop flow;
Putting “bandage” around a leaking hose;
Positioning of leaking container.
• stopping the spread includes:
– Building a barrier around the spill;
– Make a flow channel;
– Use of absorbent or spill pads;
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Managing A Spill…
• Absorbent should be distributed over the entire spill area, working
from the outside, circling to the inside.
– This stops the spread of the spilled chemical.
• When spilled materials have been absorbed, use brush and scoop
to place materials in an appropriate container (bag is provided in
spill kits).
– Dispose of any contaminated PPE used during cleanup.
• Complete hazardous waste
sticker, identifying the material
as Spill Debris involving XYZ
Chemical, and affix onto the
container. Arrange for pick-up
by EH&S Dept. as soon as
possible.
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Flammable Liquids
• When managing a spill of a flammable liquid…
– Turn off all sources of ignition
– Lay the chemical spill pads over the spill
• Pads are designed to suppress flammable vapors
– Allow pads to completely absorb the liquid
– Place the pads in plastic disposal bag
– Wipe up any remaining liquid with paper towel
– Dispose of the paper towel in plastic bag
– Seal bag and attach a completed hazardous waste sticker
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After the spill…
• Remember that absorbed materials have the same
properties and hazards as the original spilled materials.
• Safely dispose all disposable coveralls, gloves and
respirators.
• Decontaminate all non-disposable items (brooms, shovels,
thongs, protective clothing) using a mild detergent and
water.
• Arrange for pick up by EH&S Dept. as soon as possible.
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After the spill…
• Review what happened to prevent reoccurrence.
• No matter how small the spill, keep a record of what
happened.
• Make sure that supplies (e.g. first aid, spill control kit) are
replaced immediately. (Contact EH&S)
ONLY HANDLE SPILLS OF A GALLON OR LESS OF A
KNOWN MATERIAL. FOR LARGE SPILLS OR REACTIVE
MATERIALS CONTACT PUBLIC SAFETY (x8-1911) .
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What to do when an emergency
occurs…
• TAKE CARE OF THE SAFETY OF YOURSELF AND OTHERS!
• Activate the building’s fire alarm system.
• If you have bodily contact with material:
– immediately remove any contaminated clothing
– flush the area with copious amounts of water
• Call Public Safety at 288-1911
–
–
–
–
Identify
Identify
Identify
Identify
yourself and why you are calling
the exact location and nature of the emergency
any injuries of symptoms involved
all hazardous materials involved (if known)
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What to do when an emergency
occurs…
• Evacuate building to a safe distance (at least 100 feet)
• leave clear access for emergency personnel
• Keep all persons exposed in the same area. They should
not leave until they are cleared by proper authorities.
• If you have time to do so safely
–
–
–
–
Close, but do not lock, doors behind you to isolate the area
Turn off, unplug, or remove potential sources of ignition
Contain the spill material with berms or other means
Post a sign to warn others not to enter the area
YOUR SAFETY AND THE SAFETY OF OTHERS
SHOULD BE YOUR TOP PRIORITY!
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This is a general awareness training. You are not trained as an
emergency responder and should not attempt to manage
emergencies. Emergency agencies such as the Fire
Department, Police Department and Haz Mat Response
Teams will be responsible for situations other than easily
contained spills or incidental situations.
ALWAYS CALL 288-1911 ON CAMPUS TO
REPORT AN EMERGENCY
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Questions or Suggestions?
Feel free to contact Dennis Daye (414) 288-8411 or
Aaron Walters with questions, concerns, or suggestions.
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Thank you for participating in Hazardous
Waste Generator Requirements Training
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