1. Medical Purposes
2. Reviving endangered species and extinct species
3. Reproducing a deceased pet
4. Cloning humans?????
Mysteries that can be solved by DNA
•Crimes (murder, rape, robbery, etc.)
•Human Identification
•Prove Kinship (paternity, maternity, etc..
•Prove innocence
•Genetic disorders
•Historical mysteries
•Evolution trends
By comparing DNA fingerprints of the unknown to the known
Samples are
created by gel
electrophoresis
also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or
DNA profiling
is a technique used to distinguish between
individuals of the same species using only
samples of their DNA
Process of removing DNA from cells received from samples
of blood, skin, semen, etc.
Separate
DNA
Using a lysis
solution and a
warm water
bath
Using an
ultracentrifuge
(separated based
on density)
Isolate
DNA
Using forms of
alcohol to clump
DNA
piece of equipment, generally
driven by a motor, that puts
an object in rotation around a
fixed axis
The centrifuge works using
the sedimentation principle
where the centripetal
acceleration is used to
separate substances of
greater and lesser density
Process in which DNA is
“cut” by restriction
enzymes into fragments
Restriction Enzymes are enzymes
that cut DNA at SPECIFIC sequences
of nucleotides.
Gel electrophoresis
is a technique used for the
separation of DNA, RNA, or
protein molecules using an
electric current applied to a gel
matrix, based
on their size and electric
charge
gel
animation
• To determine differences in the
genomes of different plant and
animal species
• The number and positions of
the bands formed on each lane of
gel is the actual DNA
fingerprint and is unique to each
person
DNA
EXTRACTION
DNA
FRAGMENTATION
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
Using your notes and your knowledge of DNA
fingerprinting, make a list of materials and
tools needed for us to perform a paternity
test?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NMHGkOBX
Lysis solution
Restriction enzymes
ultracentrifuge
DNA samples
paternity test
Gel chamber
Alcohol(s)
Warm water bath
Power supply