Aim: How do we employ
citations?
DO NOW: Take out your
note/bibliography cards.
HW: Bring all research to the lab
on Monday – downstairs lab.
•What is the difference between a “bibliography” and
a “works-cited” page?
–A “bibliography” lists every source that you have
read that you may or may not have included in your
research paper, while a “works-cited” page acts as
a reference sheet for in-text citations to alert the
reader to the exact source of the research.
•Why do we use them?
–ETHICS: we give credit for intellectual property
so as to avoid lawsuits later in life.
•Which will you use?
–A “works-cited” page
There is logic, while obscure, for the works cited page.
Works Cited
Adams, Paul. "Furious Arafat Is Freed." Globe and Mail [Toronto].
2 May 2002: A1.
"Beginner Tip: Presenting Your Page with Style." NetMechanic.
13 Oct. 2002.
<http://www.netmechanic.com/news/vol3/
beginner_no7.htm>.
http://www.aresearchguide.com
Collins, Ronald K.L., and David M. Skover. The Trials of Lenny Bruce:
The Fall and Rise of an American Icon. Naperville, IL:
Sourcebooks, 2002.
"E-Money Slips Quietly into Oblivion." Nikkei Weekly [Tokyo].
22 Jan. 2001: 4.
"Ho Chi Minh." Encyclopaedia Britannica.com. 15 May 2003.
<http://www.britannica.com>.
How do we link the works cited page to the
research in the paper?
In-text Citations
In-text citations contain a small piece of
information, usually the author’s last name
and page number, which directs the reader to
the entry on the works cited page.
In-text citations MUST BE PRESENT for
ALL research used in your report (every detail
quoted or paraphrased must have an in-text
citation).
What do in-text citations look like: Short, direct quotes.
"The local politicians believe welfare [. . .] should all be paid for
through income taxes" (Stewart 1).
"Africa is more than warlords and tyrants [. . .]." (De Villiers
and Hirtle 15).
"The child [Adam] was left miserably abandoned" (Price 206).
“The child was also emotionally defeated” (207).
Oliver concludes that "all communication industries [. . .] are moving
rapidly toward exclusively digital technology" (24).
What do in-text citations look like:
A lengthy quote.
There are several ideas about writing computer
programs. One such idea is
The key to writing a successful program is
planning. Good programs do not just happen:
they are the result of careful design and
patience. [. . .]. Writing a program is like writing
an essay: An overall theme is envisioned, an
outline of major ideas is developed, each major
idea is subdivided into several parts, and each
part is developed using individual sentences
(Lambert 15). In-text citation
What do in-text citations look like: Including the
source in the your writing for a lengthy quote.
In their Introduction to Computer Science with C++,
Lambert, Nance, and Naps stress that:
The key to writing a successful program is
planning. Good programs do not just happen:
they are the result of careful design and
patience. [. . .]. Writing a program is like writing
an essay: An overall theme is envisioned, an
outline of major ideas is developed, each major
idea is subdivided into several parts, and each
part is developed using individual sentences (15).
What if…
What other contingencies may arise during your
research report?
Now is your chance to ask questions. Remember,
there is some logic that dictates the order of a works
cited page and in-text citations.