Increasing Citations
1. Creation, Curation & Community
2. Measuring
David Jenkins, Research Support Librarian
Chris Biggs, Research Support Librarian
Why bother?
Creation
• How might outputs be more findable
• How might outputs be more readable
• How might outputs be more citable
• Thinking about where might you publish
• Thinking about how you might publish
Creation: Making your research findable
Names
Titles
A message from Titanic
1. The title should be relevant and
2. The title should be consistent with named concepts in the
abstract and sub-headings
3. Consider using a full narrative title e.g. ‘New Public
Management is Dead — Long Live Digital Era Governance’
a) 2 specific topics
b) Memorable non-academic language
c) Lends itself to citation e.g. “Some commentators think Public
Management is dead (Dunleavy et al, 2006)”
4. If you cannot do 3, at least provide some narrative clues
Some example titles, are they any good?
Keywords
Keywords
• Think of keywords as potential search terms
• Include relevant synonyms as keywords
• Include keywords in your abstract and body text
Abstracts
Selection
Indexing
Abstracts
Abstracts
“Longer, more detailed,
prolix prose is simply more
available for search.”
Open
Access
Making it
readable
Patrick Dunleavy “Writing for Research”
• Do one thing well.
• Flatten the structure.
• Say it once, say it right.
• Paragraph re-plan.
• Make the motivation clearer.
• Strengthen the argument tokens.
• Improve the data and exhibits.
Rachel Cayley “Explorations of style: a blog
about academic writing”
• Using writing to clarify your own thinking.
• Committing to extensive revision.
• Understanding the needs of your reader.
Pat Thomson “7 reasons why journals reject
papers”
• They are overcrowded with ideas.
• They don’t reassure the reader that the research is trustworthy.
• They don’t fit the journal.
• There’s no sense that the paper is adding anything new.
• The writing sounds inexperienced.
• The paper is poorly structured.
• It’s just too local, too small, too insignificant.
Make it citable: self citations
Think about
where to
publish
Think about where to publish
• Use your references as a guide
• Check the scope of prospective journal
• Journal metrics
• Indexed in Web of Science/Scopus or subject indexing service
Think about
how to
publish?
Open Access publishing
• ‘Predatory open access’
• Think, Check & Submit
• Beall’s List & (The sad case of) Jeffrey Beall
• Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)
• Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Think about
how to
publish?
Curation
• Author Profiles
Author Profiles
Author Profiles: why?
• Self promotion
• Increase chance of citation
• Correct attributions
• Network
• They are already out there
Author Profiles: criteria for selection
• Add papers
• Add biography
• Network
• Metrics
Author profiles: which one do you use?
Community
• Disseminate
• Engagement
• Collaborate
Disseminate
Melissa Terras,
The Verdict: is
blogging or
tweeting about
research papers
worth it?
Engagement
10 Twitter Tactics to Increase your
Engagement
• Keep Tweets Under 110 Characters
• Tweet During Daytime Hours
• Tweet on Saturday and Sunday
• Share Images
• Ask for Retweets
• Use Hashtags
• Include Links
• Stay Away From Lifestyle Tweets
• Use Strong Calls to Action
• Send One to Four Tweets a Day
Collaborate
6 tips for using online scientific networks to
your advantage
• Choose the right tool.
• Make yourself known.
• Start building your network.
• Make a plan and set limits.
• Consider your tone.
• Bring your virtual network to life.
Credits
• 27/365: Information overload is painful by bandita
https://www.flickr.com/photos/cosmic_bandita/3004255043 (CC BY-SA 2.0)
• Night Platform by R~P~M https://www.flickr.com/photos/rpmarks/15232850844 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
• .;. Complexity [2] by nerovivo https://www.flickr.com/photos/dominik99/397566574 (CC BY-SA 2.0)
• Arnold Palmer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Palmer#/media/File:ArnoldPalmerCoastGuard1953.jpg
• WWW -- Wealth, Weariness or Waste:Controlled vocabulary and thesauri in support of online information
access by David Batty, D-Lib Magazine November 1998 http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november98/11batty.html
• Keywords by Heather Gold https://www.flickr.com/photos/subvert/3859121009 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
• Robert Delauney, 1912-13, Le Premier Disque (Public Domain)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_art#/media/File:Robert_Delaunay,_1913,_Premier_Disque,_134_cm,_5
2.7_inches,_Private_collection.jpg
• Islay’s Dairy, sandwich menu by Brian Butko https://www.flickr.com/photos/brianbutko/3120052006 (CC BY-NCND 2.0)
• Central Librray card catalog by Providence Public Library
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ppl_ri_images/4019951418 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
• Ten Simple (Empirical) Rules for Writing Science, Cody J. Weinberger, James A. Evans, Stefano Allesina. PLOS
Computational Biology, Published: April 30, 2015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004205
Credits
• Writing Blog Content for SEO by seanrnicholson https://www.flickr.com/photos/seanrnicholson/6449033199
(CC BY-ND 2.0)
• Curiosity by simonas gutautas https://www.flickr.com/photos/ponasniekas/266778442 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
• Reading by Pedro Ribeiro Simões https://www.flickr.com/photos/pedrosimoes7/6901371492 (CC BY 2.0)
• Self citation rate Social sciences plus Law s, Centre for Science and Technology Studies, 2007
http://www.socialsciencespace.com/2014/07/should-self-citation-count/
• The walls are the publisher of the poor by Ana Gama
https://www.flickr.com/photos/the_art_of_stencil/6876599882 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
• Dinosaur Silhouette by mgstanton https://www.flickr.com/photos/marirn/15758394764 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
• Pick and Mix by Julian Burgess https://www.flickr.com/photos/aubergene/380451857 (CC BY 2.0)
• Getting ‘em up by The US national Archives https://www.flickr.com/photos/usnationalarchives/5505933145/
• The verdict: is blogging or tweeting about research papers worth it?
http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2012/04/19/blog-tweeting-papers-worth-it/
• Tandem bicycle by State Library of Victoria
https://www.flickr.com/photos/statelibraryofvictoria_collections/6758058469 (CC BY 2.0)
• Group Hug III by Joris Louwes https://www.flickr.com/photos/jorislouwes/6921257085 (CC BY 2.0)
• 10 Twitter Tactics to Increase Your Engagement http://www.socialmediaexaminer.com/twitter-tactics-toincrease-engagement/
• 6 Tips for using online scientific networks to your advantage http://blog.addgene.org/tips-tools-online-socialnetworking-for-scientists
Measuring
Metrics can be
used to help get
funding, find the
best places to get
published and
boost your career
chances
Familiarity with metrics can save you
time and work
Metrics are problematic and
controversial
Bibliometrics are
the quantitative
analysis of
publication and
citation data
Bibliometrics come from services
like Web of Science, Scopus and
Google Scholar
Exercise
Use Web of Science to search for publications with “The
Open University” in the address
Re-order the results in order of how many citations they
have received
Identify the article with the most citations and create a
citation report based on all the articles that cited it
Exercise
Use Scopus to find h-indexes for Doreen Massey and
Stuart Hall
Exercise
Use Journal Citation Reports (JCR) to get a list of the top
journals in your area of interest ranked by Journal Impact
Factor
Bibliometrics are
seen as objective,
inexpensive to
produce/use,
economical in
terms of time and
scalable
Bibliometrics are seen as important
because citations acknowledge that
a paper is relevant and known
Bibliometrics measure what is cited
not what is high quality
Bibliometrics can be manipulated
Bibliometrics are undermined by the
different publication and citation
cultures of different subjects
Bibliometrics can vary between
databases
Impact factor is criticised for
distributing the credit earned by a
small number of highly cited papers
across the whole journal
H-index is criticised because it can’t
be used to compare researchers in
different disciplines, at different
career stages or who have different
outputs
Altmetrics record
the mentions and
uses of research
(or anything else)
that are not
captured by
traditional
bibliometrics
Altmetrics often come from
specialist services but you can find
them embedded into databases and
other resources too
Altmetrics can
help provide a
fuller picture of
how research is
being talked
about and used
Altmetrics can help gauge early
reaction to research
Altmetrics can demonstrate impact,
particularly outside of academia
Altmetrics can help you find new
papers, peers and collaborators
Altmetrics look at how many times
something is mentioned or used but
not the context in which it has been
mentioned or used
Some people question whether
altmetrics can be used as an
indicator of quality at all
Conclusions & Feedback
Slide 15 – Banknotes, money, cash. Howard Lake. Via Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/howardlake/4550761104; Untitled. Adabara. Via Pixabay.
https://pixabay.com/en/job-interview-colleagues-business-437026/; 3 Issues of the American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly. Wissembourg. Via
Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:American_Catholic_Philosophical_Quarterly_(three_issues).jpg
Slide 16 – Tempo di lavoro. Via torange-it. http://www.torange-it.com/Fashion-and-beauty/clocks/; Seagate Wuxi China Factory Tour. Robert Scoble. Via
Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Seagate_Wuxi_China_Factory_Tour.jpg; RAILROAD WORK CREW IMPROVES THE TRACKS AND BED
OF THE ATCHISON, TOPEKA AND SANTA FE RAILROAD NEAR BELLEFONT, KANSAS... - NARA – 556012. Charles O'Rear. Via Wikipedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RAILROAD_WORK_CREW_IMPROVES_THE_TRACKS_AND_BED_OF_THE_ATCHISON,_TOPEKA_AND_SANTA_
FE_RAILROAD_NEAR_BELLEFONT,_KANSAS..._-_NARA_-_556012.jpg; clock-quartz-time-midday-19155. Via Pexels.
https://www.pexels.com/photo/clock-quartz-time-midday-19155/
Slide 17 – Screenshot of http://www.dcscience.net/2014/01/16/why-you-should-ignore-altmetrics-and-other-bibliometric-nightmares/; screenshot of
http://www.editage.com/insights/why-you-should-not-use-the-journal-impact-factor-to-evaluate-research; screenshot of
http://www.ascb.org/files/SFDeclarationFINAL.pdf; screenshot of http://occamstypewriter.org/scurry/2012/08/13/sick-of-impact-factors/
Slide 18 - Single-linkage cluster analysis on a gaussian-distribution-based data set. By Chire (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASLINK-Gaussian-data.svg
Slide 19 – Screenshot of http://www.journalmetrics.com/
Slide 23 -Pink Piggy Bank On Top Of A Pile Of One Dollar Bills. Ken Teegardin. Via Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/teegardin/5916140780; Steel
ruler closeup. By Ejay (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ASteel_ruler_closeup.jpg
Slide 24 – Screenshot of http://oro.open.ac.uk/45230/
Slide 25 – Tape measure colored. Simon A. Eugster. Via Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tape_measure_colored.jpeg
Slide 26 - Wooden model. Karolina Grabowska. Via Pexels. https://www.pexels.com/photo/wooden-model-6425/
Slide 27 – The library of the University of the Basque Country (Vitoria-Gasteiz) receives an impressive selection of scientific journals. Vmenkov. Via
Wikipedia. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vitoria-University-Library-food-science-journals-4490.jpg
Slide 28 – Screenshot of http://webofknowledge.com; screenshot of https://scholar.google.co.uk/; screenshot of http://www.scopus.com; screenshot of
http://www.scimagojr.com/
Slide 29 - Credit cards. Lotus Head. Via Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Credit-cards.jpg
Slide 30 - Apples and Oranges. MicroAssist. Via Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/microassist/7268711202
Slide 31 – Screenshot of https://plus.google.com/collection/MorsFB
Slide 32 – Screenshot of http://www.scopus.com
Slide 33 - Pouring Red Wine Into Empty Wine Glass in Slow Motion 2. Dave Dugdale. Via Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/davedugdale/5096953439
Slide 34 - Close-up of woman typing on keyboard of laptop. Karolina Grabowska. Via Pexels. https://www.pexels.com/photo/close-up-of-woman-typingon-keyboard-of-laptop-6352/
Slide 35 - University Yard, George Washington University, Washington DC. By Helpameout (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AWikimania_2012_Group_Photograph-0001a.jpg
Slide 36 – Untitled. kropekk_pl. Via Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/en/social-social-media-message-icons-419939/
Slide 37 – Abacus 2. By Loadmaster (David R. Tribble) This image was made by Loadmaster (David R. Tribble) Email the author: David R. Tribble
Also see my personal gallery at Google Picasa (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL
(http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AAbacus_2.jpg
Slide 38 – Screenshot of https://twitter.com/EatThisNotThat/status/697265034892812290