Welcome to AP
Statistics!
Sit with people who
have the same color
tootsie roll pop as you!
• Objective
– Introduction to statistics and
making sense of data
• Purpose
– To become acquainted with
the usefulness of statistics in the
real world
How many licks does it take?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6rHeD5x2tI
• Count the number of licks to
get to the tootsie pop.
• How can we display your
data?
Syllabus
• Show website
• Remind 101
• Expectations for make
up work
• Bookroom at 2:22
What’s in a name!
• http://www.babynamewiz
ard.com/
Statistics can help answer
questions such as…..
• How well do SAT scores predict
college success?
• Should arthritis sufferers take
Celebrex to ease their pain, or
are the risks too great?
• Who will win the next Presidential
election?
What’s statistics?
• Science of learning from
data – numbers with
context.
• Science of collecting ,
organizing, analyzing, and
drawing conclusions.
• Used to make sense out of
data.
http://www.comedycentra
l.com/colbertreport/videos
.jhtml?videoId=91913
• Statistics (and numbers in
general) can be manufactured
to make any idea sound
convincing. When used
properly, statistics is a powerful
tool for uncovering truth; when
used improperly, it can be
manipulated to prove almost
anything.
•
~ "Hands-On
Astrophysics" web site
Why Study Statistics?
• To be an informed
consumer
• To make decisions
• To test the qualities of
products
• To evaluate decisions that
affect your life – insurance,
financial aid, medical
resources.
Statistics….math of the future
•
http://www.ted.com/talks/arth
ur_benjamin_s_formula_for_ch
anging_math_education.html
Data Source…it matters
• Ann Landers – “If you had it
to do over again, would
you have children.”
• Few weeks later the
headline was, “70% of
parents say kids not worth
it”
Do you believe this?
• Who do you think wrote in
and responded?
• In a good study
representative of all
parents they found that
90% would do it all over!
Who talks more…women or men?
• The author of The Female Brain
said that women say 3 times as
many words per day as men.
• Researchers found that “Men
showed a slightly wider
variability in words uttered…But,
in the end, the sexes came out
just about even in the daily
averages: women at 16,215
words and men at 15,669 when
396 students were tested.
The most important
information about any
statistical study is how
the data were
produced.
Methods of Data Collection
• Surveys – based on a sample
• Census – entire population
• Observational Study – observe
individuals and measure
variables of interest but do not
attempt to influence the
responses.
• Experiment – manipulate
variables in order to observe the
responses.
Only experiments can suggest a
cause and effect scenario –
observational studies are weak.
How many times have you cheated
during a test at school in the past
year?
• They asked 30,000 students
from 100 randomly
selected schools.
• 64% had cheated at least
once
• Would we get exactly 64%
if we asked this at Hanna?
Variability
• It’s almost universal
• Makes life interesting
• Needs to be understood in
order to make conclusions
from data
Because variation is
everywhere, conclusions
are uncertain. Statistics
gives us a language for
talking about uncertainty
that is understood by
statistically literate people
everywhere!
Population – The entire group
of objects about which
information is desired.
Sample – Subset of the
population.
Two types of Statistics
• Descriptive – tables &
charts that are used to
organize and summarize
data.
• Inferential – uses samples
to generalize from a small
group to a large group.
There’s a risk of being
wrong.
Give the population & sample.
• Favorite class of all T. L.
Hanna students.
• Survey people to find out
who they will vote for.
• Test the strength of ropes – 1
per hour.
Describe the population & sample.
A consumer group conducts
crash tests of new model
cars. To determine the
severity of damage to 2003
Mazda 626’s resulting from a
10-mph crash into a concrete
wall, the research group tests
six cars of this type and
assesses the amount of
damage.
Fish Tag
Lab