The Post PC Era : Taiwan's High Tech,
Economy and Life
Chun-Yen Chang
National Academy of Engineering, USA
Academia Sinica, Taiwan
National Chiao-Tung University, Taiwan
Formosa, the beautiful island,
Taiwan
Mountain: ¾, No natural Resources, but
Rich innovative and dynamic people
Taiwan GDP (Purchasing Power)
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$807.2 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
$745.4 billion (2009 est.)
$759.8 billion (2008 est.)
note: data are in 2010 US dollars
GDP - per capita:
$35,100 (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 37
$32,400 (2009 est.)
$33,100 (2008 est.)
note: data are in 2010 US dollars
 Exports, led by electronics and machinery, generate about
70% of Taiwan's GDP growth.
 The heavy dependence on exports makes the economy
vulnerable to downturns in world demand.
 Three financial memorandums of understanding, covering
banking, securities, and insurance-opening the island to
greater investments from the Mainland's financial firms and
institutional investors, and providing new opportunities for
Taiwan financial firms to operate in China.
Patent Ranking
Rank
2009 Patents/Country
2011 Patents/Country
1.
U.S.
U.S.
2.
Japan
Japan
3.
Germany
Germany
4.
Taiwan
Korea
5.
Korea
Taiwan
6.
France
France
 However need to improve the quality
 Patent /per capita : No. 1
ICT Revolution in 2011 Ignites
The Post PC Era
Pad PC Revolution
Smart Phone Evolution
Breakdown of the “Wintel Empire”
Pad PC and Smart Phone
• O/S :Android, iOS Window
• CPU : Arms, Tegra, AMD  Intel
Open System VS. Close System
Android
ios
Open System VS. Close System
Linux
Window
★Hardware and OS are free but service is charged !
IBM
 Survived by Transforming
from Technology to Services .
 Revised Business Model .
 Re-vibrate the Company Culture.
Source: The Economist, June 11th, p.68, 2011
Life is short 南柯一夢
HP
i-pad
acer
HP?
Acer?
Dell?
Nokia is
diminishing or
rebouncing?
Dell
are diminishing or rebouncing?
Smart phones
HTC
Iphone
…
blackberry
What is next?
Much of Touches:
Humanities
Tablet
Touch panel
Touches entertainments
Touches of services
Much of Touches:
Humanities
Humanities
Services
Entertainments
Black-Berry
獨霸或挑戰﹖Unipole or Multipole ﹖
M’s or I’s Empire?
Microsoft
獨霸或挑戰﹖Unipole or Multipole ﹖
M’s or I’s Empire?
Who is running up?!獨霸或戰國時代?
It is interesting to watch the games!
Future of VLSI
The End：20nm, non-technical but
Business Impossible
The Start：
Intel,TMC,UMC,Samsung,Elpida
(1)3D I.C.
Post SOC Era
(2)III-V on Si
Opportunities and Challenges for
Taiwan
Taiwanese Entrepreneurs : Stan Shih/
ACER and ……..
 Since its founding in 1976, Acer has achieved the goal of breaking the barriers between
people and technology. Globally, Acer ranks No. 2 for total PCs and notebooks. A
profitable and sustainable Channel Business Model is instrumental to the company's
continuing growth, while its multi-brand approach effectively integrates Acer, Gateway,
Packard Bell, and eMachines brands in worldwide markets.
 Acer strives to design environmentally friendly products and establish a green supply chain
through collaboration with suppliers. Acer is proud to be a Worldwide Partner of the
Olympic Movement, including the Vancouver 2010 Olympic Winter and London 2012
Olympic Games.
 Over 30 years of making history in the fast-paced IT industry, Acer’s far-reaching strategy
of focusing on R&D and marketing development has laid the foundations and created a
company ready to embrace the challenges of the future. The Acer Group employs 8,000
people worldwide. Estimated revenues for 2010 reached US$19.9 billion.
Stan Shih and ACER
 A graduate of NCTU, obtained a Bachelor’s
(1968), Master’s (1971), and honorary Ph.D.
(1992)in Dept. of Electronics Engineering.
 In Sep. 1976, together with four partners, Mr.
Shih co-founded Multitech International Corp.,
the forerunner of Acer, with US$25,000.
 led Acer to become a global PC vendor; today
Acer ranks No. 3 for total PCs and No. 2 for
notebooks worldwide.
 Stan Shih’s Smile Curve
William Wang and VIZIO
 NO. 1 LCD TV IN US
 EUROPIAN MARKET
 ASIAN MARKET
H. T. Cho and HTC
 DEC GROUP
 the chairman of HTC foundation, a
public welfare organization.
 Graduate of the 8th EMBA, NCTU,
2007.
HTC Brand strategies
 Smart phone in Android platform
 Innovative products and friendly user interface
 Product diversification
Min Kao and Garmin
 Forbes 400 Richest American (2008)
 The co-founder of Garmin with Gary Burrell
 2011 Member of National Academy of
Engineering,(NAE)USA
 Research in Teledyne Systems, NASA, U.S. Army
 Military GPS - NAVSTAR
 Founded in 1989
 GPS products:
Car navigation, outdoor, cartography, communication,
marine, aviation,…
何友仁 and “Giant”
 Y.J.Ho,EMBA,2010/NCTU
 Giant was founded in 1972 with a mission: to create better
bikes and improve the cycling experience. From the very start,
innovation and manufacturing expertise set us apart.
Morris Chang and F.C. Tzeng
NO.1 in Semiconductor Foundry :TSMC
 Morris Chang: Foundry Father
 1984 consultant to UMC,1985 board CHAIRMAN of UMC.
 TSMC's Morris Chang pioneered the $28 billion semiconductor foundry
industry, kicking off a revolution in the business of chips
 Invented new business model
 F. C. Tzeng: Vice Chairman of TSMC
 Co-founded TSMC in 1987
 Ten Outstanding Engineers
 1985 Ph. D/NCKU. under the Supervision of Prof.
C.Y.Chang
Robert Tsao and John Huan
 Robert Tsao: MBA, 1971/NCTU
 John Huan :EE, 1973/NCTU
2010 Top10 Semiconductor Companies Ranking
 Core competencies
 The First CMOS Co. in Taiwan Since 1980
 Pure-play foundry with internal R&D capability
 World-class 200/300mm manufacturing
 45nm/40nm customized products ,Developing20/18nm
Robert Tsao and John Huan
 Robert Tsao: MBA, 1971/NCTU
 John Huan :EE, 1973/NCTU
 UMC ,THE TAIWAN’s FIRST CMOS
COMPANY,FOUNDED IN 1980
 Leading Successful Bussiness in Supplying CMOS Watch
Chips Since 1983,Build Up a Successful CMOS Industry in
Taiwan.A Strong Foudation of Taiwan’s CMOS Technology
Was Established.
 Without UMC’s Success, There is NO
TSMC
Where Were TheyFrom
Year
19631966
NCTU established world class Si
Planar Technology and MOSFET among Asia and
and Europe, Attracted world experts to visit C.Y. Chang’s Semiconductor
Research Center (SRC/NCTU)
witness
Dr. Dawon Kahng ,姜大元who made the first MOSFET (1960, DRC@Carneige Tech)
Dr. C.T.Sah,薩支唐who made the first CMOS ( 1966, DRC,U.Penn )
Dr. G.L.Pearson The First PV Cell was Demonstrated at Bell Labs.,,Stanford U.
Dr. F.Fang,方復I.B.M. T L Watson RC,IBM. Demonstrated the First QHE 1965 APL.
1970
C Y Chang’s Fine Product Microelectronic Corporation,萬邦電子公司, the first Si Planar
Technology products was regarded as the "Fairchild of Taiwan".
1971
Stan Shih,founded acer co. Shih graduated from SRC/NCTU
1974
CMOS Pilot Plant led by Dr. D.H.Hu 胡定華with whole team member trained from from
C Y Chang’s NCTU/SRC
1980
CMOS Co. UMC, successful sale of CMOS watch chips
1987
CMOS Co., TSMC, the world first foundry . Founded by M.Chang and F.C.Tseng.
Si Planar Technology in 1964,The First in Asia
4- dimensional
and Europe
:The
Aligner
Mask
AlignaPrecise
made by C.Mask
Y. Chang
in 1964 Made by
C.Y.Chang :The Earliest and the Only One
8
Chiang Chih-Kuo Ddecided to Develop Hi-Tech
蔣經國來訪
1965：半導體對台灣未來的重要性
Infrastrcucture in Taiwan ,Visited SRC/NCTU in 1965
蔣經國先生參觀交大半導體實驗室的鋁合金爐，
1965
初夏 蔣經國來訪 ：台灣高科技的起點,1970 詢問張教授
左起張俊彥、張瑞夫、蔣經國與張去疑合影
14
“Without Prof. Chang’s
leadership, Taiwanese
Electronics Industry
could not so flourish,
not only to the economy
of Taiwan but also to the
would”, by C.T. Sah
2000 National Academy of
Engineering, USA
NIKKEI ASIA PRIZES
On May 22, 2007,
Prof. Chang was
awarded the Japan
Nikkei Prize: “ The
Father of Taiwan
Semiconductor
Industry”
What we Are Doing Now:
The first RT CW Vicsel LD,and non- polar green to blue to UV LEDs.
The world record Green Si Thin Film PV
Parity
module :production scale toward Grid
Discovery of new physics: abnormal breakdown field strength in insulator or in
depletion layer in nano-magnet induced field: > 30MV/cm (theoretically is
10MV/cm)
Giant magnetic Capacitance for ultra high desity energy storage: Capacitance
E=1/2 CV2 : the most important issue in 21st century. 1000 time higher than the
Li batteries.
Killing LED - Soild State Lighting
Global Warming/Energy Savings Potential of LEDs
If a 150 lm/Watt Solid State White source were developed,
then in the United States alone:
• We would realize $115 Billion cumulative Savings in 2025*
• Alleviate the need of 133 new power stations!*
• Eliminate 258 million metric tons of Carbon*
• Save 273TWh/year in energy**
**A. D. Little, “Energy Savings Potential of SSL” Report for Dept. of Energy,
http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/info/documents/pdfs/ssl_final_report3.pdf
Worldwide Congratulations to Prof. C.Y. Chang
A letter to Prof. M. Feng, Prof. S. Nakamura and Prof. K. Iga
Dear Prof. M. Feng, Prof. S. Nakamura and Prof. K. Iga,
It is my great pleasure to send the attachment of a reprint to you,
which was published recently in Appl. Phys. Letts.97, 071114, 2010.
In 1970, the first room temperature CW laser was made by Hayashi et al,.
Today, we have made the first room temperature CW VCSEL successfully
which is lasing at near UV band.
One of my Ph.D. students, Po-Min Tu, made the n-GaN, In GaN/GaN
MQW,
P-GaN and P+-InGaN layer which are critical to make the device
operational.
Worldwide Congratulations to Prof. CY Chang
“Wonderful Achievement of the 1st RT CW blue VCSEL.”
Kenichi Iga
“This opens a New Applications of GaN VCSEL.”
Shuji Nakamura
“Excellent Results of the 1st GaN VCSEL operated at RT CW.”
Milton Feng
Shuji Nakamura
Kenichi Iga
Milton Feng
Professor of UCSB.
President of Tokyo Institute of
Technology.
Nick Holonyak Endowed Chair
Professor of UIUC.
Inventor of high-brightness
GaN-based blue LED.
Inventor of surface emitting
semiconductor lasers.
Inventor of transistor laser,
world's fastest transistor, light
emitting transistors.
Si Thin Film Solar Cell
solars-china.com
New Emmering Science and Technologies
Nano-Magnets embeded:
High energy storage,
High brightness/power ratio LED/LD,
High efficiency PV Module,
High voltage diode/transistor/Iinverter,
 Discovery of new physics: abnormal
breakdown field strength in insulator or in
depletion layer in nano-magnet induced
field: > 30MV/cm (theoretically is
10MV/cm)
 E=1/2 CV2, IF V→2X, then E→4X
 e.g : An electric car, with a 100kg super
capacitor, travels 100km, with magnetsuper capacitor, it travels 400km more!
“New Social Era of the Web Starts now”,
-IEEE Spectrum ,June 2011 Google VS. Facebook
 A mobile web will be a smarter web
 Video is poised to inundate the web
 Everyday objects will join our social network
 Web data will explode, and that’s a good thing
 Voice and gestures will change human-computer
interaction……….
Taiwan’s Adventure:
Making Things Smart and Small
 Bio-Engineering Solution
 SMART,SMALL AND LIGHT is needed for our diary life and
also for Military Command and Control Solution
 Car Electronics, Phone ,PC, Home Appliances, TV, BioElectronics,………..
 Finland has ONE Nokia, Korea has One Samsung, Taiwan has
Multi-. “ Healthy Bio-Dynamic-Vibrate-System”.
Epilogue
 Taiwan is one of the key players in the ICT world
 Founders of acer,Vizio, Garmin, Giant,HTC, Super-Micro Super-
Computer etc.
Top Semiconductor Foundry, efficient LED, Tops in Fabless/SOC, PC
Manufacturing,Mobil Phones etc.
Taiwan is participating the future of cloud ICT
 Taiwan is contributing the future green energy solutions
 Ready for the Future of Bio-Technologies.
 A lots of Challenges as well as Opportunities.
 Enjoying Good Life with Young Students with lots of Creative Ideas :
OUR HOPE FOR THE FUTURE
 WE ARE SINCERELY HOPING THAT THERE IS NO “Green
Childish Politics ???”
Green Energy Solutions：Who is running up?
PV Cells：1.Green & Cost Effect (<Grid Parity1$/W)
2.Green and Grid Parity
First Solar : CdTe? CIGS?
Multi-crystallize Si
η = 15%~25%
Single-crystallize Si
η = 20%~30%
Thin Film Si
η = 12%~20%
3D T.F. Solar cell Si
η = 12%~30%
Quantum Solar Cell
η = 20%~63%
High Purity Green Effect:
Pure Si
Siemens is fading out
UMG, SMG is prevailing
<$ 15/kg, 7N
12N
PV Cell
PV Power Plants
Green Energy Solutions
Efficient LED (ECOE Group)
Lighting—140 lm/w
Efficient LED (ECOE Group)
240 lm/w
Back Light—Power Saving
Blue Disk
Wafer Interconnect
Winner
Winner
Strategic Technologies:
Substrate: Low Cost/High Eff. (ECOE+ITRI)
EPI: NAPSS (ECOE)
Warring States
Killer Technologies,
materials
•Lighting
•FPD
•Blue Disk
•3D VLSI
Customer
DOE Roadmap
40 lm/$
77 lm/$
167 lm/$
500 lm/$
1000 lm/$
28 lm/$
40 lm/$
91 lm/$
300 lm/$
900 lm/$
ECOE RESEARCH GROUP
44
NCTU Institute of Electronics Engineering
Simple is beautiful
• Pad PC is a toy or a professional tool?
• All in one: PC + Phone Set + Camera +
3D
• Smart phone’s display is too small: with
Micro-Projector + 3D +Wireless
• Smart ,Small, Light Devices :
Micro-projector,3D-Disply,Wafer Level
CMOS Sensor,…….
ECOE RESEARCH GROUP
45
NCTU Institute of Electronics Engineering