What is cancer?
A cancer is a malignant tumor,
which are cells that multiply out
of control, destroying healthy
tissues (Dictionary)
Breast Cancer
Arvin Cabanas
Benjamin Kreitz
Forecast
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Where/what organ system(s) in the body?
Rate of breast cancer worldwide
Affected ages
Symptoms
Risk factors
Types of breast cancer
Diagnosis
Effects of the cancer
Stages of cancer
Treatments
Lifespan (prognosis)
Where/what organ system in
the body?
Reproductive system
- Mainly the breast tissues
- Lactose lobes/ducts
Cancerous
Normal
Rate of breast cancer worldwide
Highest rate – United States “Hamburger Country”
(International Agency for Research on Cancer)
Rate of breast cancer worldwide
Lowest Rate – China “Noodle Country” &
Africa “Marathon Country”
Affected ages
(Dr. Roger Henderson, GP)
Between: 50 yrs old
and
70yrs old
Symptoms
(American Cancer Society)
Lumps
Swelling
Skin changes
Risk Factors
– Changes in DNA
– Alcohol consumption
– Not having children or having them later in life
– Not breast-feeding
– Overweight or obese
– Lack of exercise
– Night Work (not proven yet)
(American Cancer Society)
Diagnosis (Screening and Testing)
– Blood test
– MRI
– X-ray
– CT scan
– PET scan
– Ultrasound
– Breast Biopsy
– Mammogram
PET scan
CT scan
Types of breast cancer
– Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
– Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)
– Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC)
– Inflammatory breast cancer
– Male breast cancer
– Recurrent breast cancer
– Metastatic breast cancer
(American Cancer Society)
Stages of Cancer
• Stage 0 - non-invasive; no evidence of cancer
cells
• Stage I - started to invade the tissues in the
breast
• Stage II - invasive breast cancer found in the
axillary (arm pit) lymph nodes
• Stage III - inflammatory breast cancer
• Stage IV – metastatic cancer; cancer cells that
have spread throughout the body organs
Treatments
Surgery:
Lumpectomy (tomy = “to cut”)
Mastectomy
Axillary lymph node dissection
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Lifespan (Prognosis)
In 5-year survival, ___ out of 100 cancer
patients will survive.
• Stage 0 = 99
• Stage 1 = 92
• Stage 2 = 65
• Stage 3 = 44
• Stage 4 = 14
(Dr. Lori L. Hudson, Immunologist and Molecular Biologist)
Thank You!