Core Module 4 Human Relationship (II) Foundation Part: Managing Cyber-friendship • Why would I wish for friends to play and learn with me? • How can I make new friends? 1 Multiple Perspectives Worksheet (1) : Importance of Friendship to the Personal Development of Youths Why do we need friendship? The following shows how different academic disciplines/views understand friendship: I agree with the views of According to psychology, humans have a need for affiliation, that is, the need to build and maintain relationships with other people. Through contact and exchange with friends, humans can obtain emotional support and care. I think friendship is The philosopher Aristotle suggested that there were three types of friendship: those of pleasure, those of usefulness, and true friendship. The first is characteristic of the young people, who are focused on momentary enjoyment, while the second is often the province of the old, who need assistance to cope with their frailty. True friendship is to share both joys and hardships. In an age of economy, there are two kinds of friendship: consumption-based and investment-based. Consumption-based friendship focuses on the pleasure the relationships bring us. Investment-based friendship, on the other hand, expects that the relationships will bring us some return. However, investing on friendship has its risks, as “investors” may not always be able to calculate their gains and losses. Anthropologists believe that friends are given a unique position in the human society. As family cannot be changed, neighbours are annoying and colleagues might not be congenial, friends are the only element we have a choice over in our lives. Studies also show that people with friends lead longer lives and are happier. According to Sociology studies, nowadays the tight living spaces have changed the traditional large family structure and weaken the relationships among relatives. Instead, people rely upon friends to look out for each other, so friendship becomes increasingly important in modern society. 2 Worksheet (2) : Changes in Ways of Making Friends Ways of making friends and maintaining friendship through the ages Views and studies in different disciplines affirm the values of friendship on the personal development, gregarious community life and survival. For this reason, since the ancient times, humans have been making friends and developing friendship through different means and ways. Do you know what ways there are to make friends and to maintain, develop and strengthen friendships? How have these ways changed over the years? Past Ways that exist through ages: Telephone Letter Daily contact Pager Mobile phone Internet chat room/ forum/ e-mail Introduced by friends Text messaging Social networking websites (Facebook/Twitter…) Instant messaging software (ICQ/MSN/Skype…) Present Pic 4.1 Ways of making friends and maintaining friendship past and present 3 1. Arrange the following ways of communication according to their sequence of appearance. (Please write down 1, 2, 3,…in “ ” to show the sequence.) Letter Social networking websites (Facebook/Twitter/…) Text messaging / instant messaging software / internet chat rooms / forums / e-mail Telephone 2. Which of the above way(s) of communication is/are faster? 3. Which way(s) do you use most often? From the past to the present days, there exists many ways of making friends and maintaining friendship. Yet, there is one way that has remained unchanged since ancient times – face-to-face contact. However, with the development of technology, a new way of friend-making has come into existence: cyber-friendship. 4 Cyber-friendship ─ A New Way of Making Friends Enabled by the Development in Information and Communication Technology The rapid development of the internet has not only brought people closer to one another but have also given people nowadays many new ways of making friends. The diversity of available cyber platforms has freed us from traditional face-to-face communication. Some teenagers even attempt to go beyond their circles of daily living and make new friends in the virtual world. Cyber-friendship refers to making friends in the internet world. Such friends usually have no prior face-to-face exchange. This friendship is developed and maintained through the internet. Nowadays, popular channels of cyber-friendship involve common social networking websites such as Facebook, chat rooms, forums, instant messaging software and even online games. On some common social networking websites (e.g. Facebook, Twitter etc.), users can set up a personal information page to share their status, photo and event updates, so as to exchange with friends their recent happenings. The websites also provide various mini games which users can engage in together with their friends. These websites attract many young users, and have become an important platform for entertainment and information-sharing among peers. What are the features of this new way of friend-making that attract so many youths? What should we be aware of when making friends on the internet? Is cyber-friendship really a must? 5 Situation of youths using social networking websites A survey about “Youths using social networks” conducted by Chinese YMCA of Hong Kong from February to March in 2010 showed that: • Nearly 60% of the interviewees spent 1 to 3 hours a day on social networks. 7% of them spent over 5 hours; • About 46% of the youths have used social networks for over 3 years; • 51.1% of the interviewees joined over 10 groups in social networking websites. 82% of them agreed that the websites allowed them to learn more about current information and issues. 37.6% of them enjoyed voicing their opinions freely through groups; • Facebook was the most popular social networking websites, followed by YouTube and forums; • The users of social network are getting younger. In the past, senior secondary students made up the majority. Half of the interviewees of this survey are junior secondary students aged from 12 to 15, and 90% of them have used social networks. Source: Consolidated from news 24 May, 2010 6 Worksheet (3) : Characteristics of Cyber-friendship The following are two stories from two different eras. Can you point out their differences in relation to making friends? 1970s Ming had forgotten to bring his homework to school, so he was punished by his teacher. After school, he went home unhappily. 2010s Fung had forgotten to bring his homework to school, so he was punished by his teacher. After school, he went home unhappily. On his way home, he visited Keung, who lived in the same housing estate, to vent his feelings. Keung’s cousins Chi Ming and Ming Tak were staying at his home for a few days, so they went to the football pitch in their estate to play football. However, it started raining soon after they have began playing. They went to a store to borrow a phone and tell their Upon arriving home, Fung turned on the computer as usual and surfed the internet. He logged on to his Facebook account and updated his status. In just a few minutes, his classmates responded and asked what had happened and why he was unhappy. A new cyber-friend even uploaded a music video that Fung loved to cheer him up. Meanwhile, Fung wrote the things family about the situation. Meanwhile, Ming’s classmates Chi Wah and Kim Hung had gone to Ming’s home to comfort him and tutor him on the homework, but Ming was not at home. They left a note hoping that Ming would contact them after he returned home. Finally, after talking with friends and playing sports, Ming felt a lot better. happened today on his blog. This was already the tenth time within the month he wrote on the internet about how unhappy he was about school classes. In the evening, Fung left his room reluctantly for dinner. After dinner and a shower, Fung returned to the computer finding more than ten comments waiting for his response. After venting his feelings, Fung felt a lot better. 7 Comparison Is making new friends on the internet absolutely necessary? Times change, and ways of making friends between the past and the present are very different. Some things are, however, still similar. Compare the characteristics of two types of friendship and see if cyber-friends are really necessary for you. Friends made in traditional ways Friends are brought together through similar interests e.g. playing basketball Same characteristics Friends made on the internet Shared interests Discussions are made in internet groups because of the shared interests e.g. photography Share feelings Gain affirmation Gain satisfaction Some people find developing friendship on the internet risky, and that it provides no real advantages outside of traditional friendship. They argue that youths should put more time and effort to build traditional friendship in order to gain true and lasting friends. Do you agree? 8 The Uniqueness of Making Friends on the Internet From the above activities, we find that cyber-friendship and traditional means of making friends share many similarities. However, there are still unique points about making friends on the internet: Connects people with common interests, but risky Users can find cyber-friends by matching interests and hobbies. For example, one can exchange opinions with people having the same interests in forums or chat rooms dedicated to certain themes. However, we can often hear from the news cases where young internet users suffer financial or even bodily harms because they falsely believe their cyber-friends. In reality, there are many con-artists on the internet. They use social networks to prey on young people who lack life experience. Overcomes time and spatial constraints, but the reality is difficult to identify Friends made face-to-face usually share the same living space. Friends made on the internet are not limited by geography, so we can make friends with people from different backgrounds and nationalities. However, as both sides rely on textual exchange to learn about one another, it is difficult to judge whether the things said are true. If a cyber-friend only exposes his/her good side and hides the bad, it may not be easy to learn about his/her true personality. Provides anonymous protection, but lacks a sense of reality Some people think that making friends on the internet can provide anonymous protection. As there is no risk of exposing one’s identity, some may find it easier to speak their true hearts in front of cyber-friends. In traditional interpersonal relationship, appearance, education, property, ethnic and other differences are all possible barriers in relationships, but when communicating on the internet, everyone is equal. Nevertheless, even if making friends on the internet can encourage the sharing of true feelings and increase intimacy, humans are still social animals and prefer actual contact to gain a sense of security. Exchanges on the internet lack the display of facial expression, tone of speech and other body language and are conducted only on a spiritual level without actual group activities. A sense of intimacy is still absent. 9 1. What are the differences between making friends on the internet and through traditional ways? 2. What are the benefits and limitations of the two modes of friend-making? 10 3. How will developing friendship on the internet influence personal development and interpersonal relationship? 11 : Hello, Cyber-friend! Making friends on the internet is similar to making friends in real life: we should respect others and maintain rational communication. However, anonymous communications have led to some cyber-friends speaking and acting irresponsibly, even aggressively. In some instances it has led to meaningless bickering and bullying. In the internet world, we should be responsible netizens. We should be polite and be considerate, and consider the possible long term effects of our actions. The following are some of the proper attitudes of online interaction for your reference: Proper attitudes of cyber-friendship (1) Be careful about one’s comments and tone of speech on the internet The internet is a public space. Comments of a personal or private nature should not be posted on the internet. Aggressive or abrasive wordings should be avoided, as should embarrassing, disturbing or unsettling comments. Humorous comments or jokes should be used carefully as they are not aided by facial expressions or gestures, and might lead to misunderstanding. (2) Respect other’s right to freedom of speech It is common that cyber-friends differ in views about certain issues. We should respect the freedom of speech of others, and maintain rational communication with cyber-friends. A harmonious atmosphere should be maintained despite differences in opinion. Even if each side holds fast to their views, the discussion should remain cordial, or else it would disrupt the harmony. If one encounters quarreling or bullying online, one should not join in but rather try to stop it, in order to discourage the spread of internet bullying. 12 (3) Respect copyright If one is downloading film, music, applications or files from the internet, one should take note whether they are copyright protected so as to avoid breaking the law. Also, if one is quoting the comments of others, or forwarding or reposting an article, the source of the comment or article should be specified. (4) Respect the privacy of others As the adage goes, “don't do unto others what you don't want others do unto you” – we should exercise empathy in treating other’s privacy. We should not publicize the personal information of others on the internet without permission, as it would cause them unnecessary disturbance or harm. We also should not hack into other’s computer system to steal files or read other’s emails – this is not only an infringement of privacy but is also against the law. (5) Don’t spread rumours Once spoken, words spread far and wide on the internet. They are impossible to be taken back. That is why when reposting or forwarding articles on the internet, we should verify their accuracy so that we do not become accomplices in spreading rumour. We should not spread untruthful information on the internet, so that we do not harm the reputation of others and suffer the consequences of being charged with slander. (6) Be forgiving and tolerant If our cyber-friends type slowly or are wrong about certain words or concepts, we should be tolerant. Remember that each of us was once a newcomer to the internet world; we also had many things we were ignorant about. We should be forgiving towards mistakes others have made, and should not take an arrogant (7) Don’t engage in illegal activities Do not easily believe false rumours on the internet and join in activities of an illegal or dubious nature. There is no such thing as a free lunch, and we should remain vigilant to avoid being taken advantage of by illegal entities, and unwittingly engage in illegal activities. Also, attitude. When correcting other’s mistakes, we should be polite and friendly, and communicate through private means – rather than openly on the internet. despite one may hide his real name on the internet, one’s virtual identity is traceable. Crimes committed on the internet are subject to prosecution and penalty. One should stay within the boundaries of the law. Adapted and translated from : 中小學網絡素養與認知 http://eteacher.edu.tw/ReadMatl.aspx?PostID=55 13 Internet-relevant articles in the Hong Kong Law 1. Unauthorized access to computer by telecommunications, Chapter 106, Section 27A Any person who, by telecommunications, knowingly causes a computer to perform any function to obtain unauthorized access to any program or data held in a computer commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine of $20,000. 2. Access to computer with criminal or dishonest intent, Chapter 200, Section 161 Any person who obtains access to a computer with the following intent, whether on the same occasion as he obtains such access or on any future occasion, commits an offence and is liable to imprisonment for 5 years. (i) with intent to commit an offence (ii) with a dishonest intent to deceive (iii) with a view to dishonest gain for himself or another (iv) with a dishonest intent to cause loss to another 3. Copyright Ordinance, Chapter 528 Under the Copyright Ordinance, a person commits an offence if he/she, without the licence permission of the copyright owner, distributes or sells an infringing copy of a copyright work through uploading, downloading, posting or forwarding means. The maximum penalty is a fine of $50,000 per infringing copy and imprisonment for 4 years. 4. Defamation Ordinance, Chapter 21, Section 5 Any person who maliciously publishes any defamatory libel, knowing the same to be false, shall be liable to imprisonment for 2 years, and, in addition, to pay such fine as the court may award. In forums or on social networking websites, those insulting others with malicious intent, or making unfounded claims which may damage the reputation of others, may be charged with libel. If one’s actions on the internet threaten the personal safety of the victim, he/she may be charged with criminal intimidation. Source: “Be NetWise” Internet Education Resource Kit [Secondary level] –“Be NetWise” Internet Education Activity Booklet [Junior Secondary level], Hong Kong Federation Youth Groups, 2010. 14 Reading comprehension and application Worksheet (4) : Risks of Making Friends on the Internet Traps abound in cyber-friendship apps IT experts point out that the diversity of internet friend-making platforms provides an easy and convenient avenue for internet users to meet strangers. However, the lack of stringent personal identification protocols in these platforms allows swindlers to use false information to conduct fraudulent activities. The applications may also have unsolicited access to the phonebooks and photo albums stored on the mobile phone. Internet users should be vigilant and guard against malicious individuals. Source: Consolidated from news on 26 November, 2012 Read carefully the following news summary about cyber-friendship, then complete the tasks followed: CU student fell victim to badger game when using MSN 3 of the accused sentenced to imprisonment, 1 to Detention Centre A male student studying at Chinese University of Hong Kong was lured into a gambling fraud in Macau by a lady he met on the internet. Afterwards, he was said to have accrued 100,000 in gambling debts. He was taken back to Hong Kong and was illegally detained. Among the four accused males involved, three were sentenced to imprisonment at District Court, and another to Detention Centre. The judge pointed out that the criminals had planned well ahead to lure the victim to Macau and target his money. The police said that they received 16 reports on this kind of case in the latter half of 15 last year, in which the victim was lured to Macau and incurred heavy debts. The number of cases increased to 24 in the first half of this year. The police said that they would place greater effort into fighting such crimes. Source: Consolidated from news 9 July, 2010 Court verdict(1) In a case of an off-duty policeman raping a female Court verdict(2) cyber-friend, the judge urged youths to be careful when making friends on the internet. They should not attend dates with strangers alone in unfamiliar places. Parents and education institutions should also pay more attention to their children’s cyber-friendships and supervise where necessary. Source: Consolidated from news 20 January, 2009 In another case where a 14-year-old female was cheated into having sexual intercourse with a cyber-friend, the judge found these crimes very serious. This was a typical example which criminals took deliberate advantage of immature and vulnerable individuals using online channels. Children in their teens are curious about sex, so they are easily tempted, coerced and harmed. The society should not neglect the dangers of children falling into traps on the internet. Source: Consolidated from news 30 January, 2010 Source: Consolidated from news on 30 January, 2010 Referring to Sources 1 and 2, complete the following task: Write an appeal (not more than 150 words) for “Police Magazine” in order to remind youths of the risks of cyber-friendship and list some reminders for them. You may consider the following perspectives when writing the content: 1. Who is the victim in the above news summary? 2. What losses did the victim suffer? 16 Special Appeal Most of the victims in recent cases, when they made friends on the internet, Therefore, the police urge youths to pay attention to the following points when making friends on the internet in order to protect themselves: 1. 2. 3. If you have any doubts or sense any danger, you may Or contact the police as soon as possible! 17 : Traps in Cyber-friendship Common traps in cyber-friendship Through gaining the trust of the victim or associating with the victim under false pretences, the swindler cons the victim out of money or sexual favours. Below are the common traps: The victim is defrauded by urging them to make fake investments The victim’s properties are stolen, or the borrower disappeared after borrowing Using the excuse that money is needed for emergencies, the victim is swindled out of his/her money The victim is sexually assaulted upon meeting Soliciting Sexual favours/Sexual assault Money swindle/ blackmailing Sensitive/private photos or videos of the victim are obtained under false pretenses, which are then used to blackmail money The victim is illegally detained after meeting, then he/she or his/her family is blackmailed Pic 4.2 Common traps in cyber-friendship Source: Consolidated from news on 26 November, 2012 18 Sensitive/private photos or videos of the victim are obtained under false pretenses, which are then used to coerce him/her for sexual favours. : Taking Charge when Making Friends on the Internet The people and things that appear in the cyber world 3S Strategy might not be real. Some people intentionally create false personal identities and information, or to make If we run into uncertain situations or convenient use of cyber-friendship to engage in all dilemmas, we can apply the 3S manners of fraud and scams. If we are careless about Strategy: disclosing our information or meeting cyber-friends, we might fall into cyber traps. Stop responding ─ When talking We should be vigilant and be aware of the following about embarrassing or uncomfortable points when making friends on the internet: topics, you can choose not to respond. Friendship builds on continuous and in-depth understanding No matter one develops friendship on the internet or in Save information or evidence ─ reality, youths should learn about the character, This is for self-protection and makes personality and values of the other person(s) continuously it possible for following up and and in depth. If not, we would remain trapped in tracking afterwards. delusions and self-satisfying sentiments. There are many risks about cyber-friendship which only emphasizes on feelings rather than true interaction and understanding. Thus we must not make friends and trust strangers on the Share ─ Ask for help from internet easily. trustworthy adults. Let them help you analyse the situation and give advice Be vigilant against dangers and risks for making safe and rational Be always vigilant when making new friends on the decisions. internet. As we cannot be sure of the identity of these individuals and their purpose of associating with us, we Pic 4.3 3S Strategy should remain cautious and rational when talking to them. Do not disclose personal information. We should not readily accept invitations to attend parties during festivals, or else we might fall into cyber traps. 19 Ask for advice Exchange on the internet happens mostly between two persons. Youths may find it difficult to distinguish what is real, and 5 “Don’ts” in meeting cyber-friends might be too confident about our judgment of the character of cyber-friends, which can lead to our associating with the wrong people. Therefore, when we have doubts Say NO when you come across the following situations: 1. or other quiet places; about the motive or intention of our cyber-friends, we should ask for help from 2. The other person wants you to act too intimately or against your principles; relatives, friends or teachers. We should not decide rashly on our own. The other person asks to meet at home, hotel 3. The other person asks you to participate in illegal activities or fraud; Make every decision carefully 4. drinking and abusing drugs; or We are usually required to make many choices before coming to a decision. We also need to consider many factors in making these choices. Each factor has its The other person urges you to try smoking, 5. The other person invites you to leave Hong Kong. Pic 4.4 Meeting with cyber-friends-5 “Don’ts” relative importance, and when weighing these factors, we need to determine their importance. If youths can approach a problem from different perspectives, they have a higher chance of making wise decisions and lowering the risk of making regrettable ones. Actively develop interpersonal relationships One of the life goals of youths is to build up a self-image and develop interpersonal relationships. If youths fail to build up interpersonal relationships in reality and become overly-dependent on cyber-friendship, this may affect their mental and physical development. Some studies have pointed out that a cyber-social life can lead to internet addiction, which may cause one to become reclusive and distanced from classmates and family. It will also weaken one’s communication skills. 20 The advancement in technology has led to great changes in communication between people. Through the internet, making friends is no longer limited to face-to-face contact. We can liaise across great distances with people around the world and build up friendships. When making friends, we should be aware that good interpersonal relationships are founded on mutual trust, and that trust is developed from thorough understanding. The identities of cyber-friends are unknown, and without deep understanding, placing blind trust in them may bring great risk. Moreover, many internet studies have shown that there is more harm than good for youths to indulge themselves in the cyber world. Without real interaction and communication, it is difficult to develop long-lasting and reliable friendships on the internet. Youths should broaden their social network in daily life such as through joining voluntary work, uniformed units, sports teams, and so on. Through these ways one makes new and real friends who share common interests. Youths should not try to make friends on the internet just because they want to act as others do. Cyber-friends are not necessities in our lives. It would not be a big loss to have no cyber-friends. However, if youths do choose to make friends on the internet, they need to know how to protect themselves from harm. 21 Creative thinking Extended Activity I: Creating your Comic In worksheet(4): Risks of Making Friends on the Internet, we mentioned an incident about cyber-friends. Referring to the news summary, design a four-panel comic to advise youths about the dangers of making friends on the internet and alert them of the points to pay attention to. 22 Extended Activity II: Youth and Cyber-friendship – Her Story Decision-making Ability How to make a decision? In Worksheet(4): Risks of Making Friends on the Internet, we have learnt about the potential dangers of making friends on the internet. Now, analyse the following scenarios to see if the character may put herself in danger. Suppose you were the main character, what would you choose to do? One day when Mei was using Facebook to chat with friends, a stranger (Net name: Leo) invited her to be his cyber-friend. Mei thought, “There’s nothing bad to know one more friend! We don’t need to see each other, so there is nothing to lose!” Leo : Hello! Are you studying Secondary 2? Me too! Add me to your friend list so we can chat! Mei : I have added you! Two weeks later… Leo : I have a sister studying primary school. She’s noisy all the day! Who are your family members? Where’re you studying? Mei : … 23 What are the choices? Choice 1: Answer honestly Choice 2: Provide false information Choice 3: What to consider? 1. Why does he want to know about my personal information? 2. What effects will it bring if I disclose my personal information? 3. Is providing false information a problem? 4. My decision Please “” your choice. ○ Answer honestly ○ Provide false information ○ Others: Why do I make this decision? My major consideration(s) when making the decision is/are: 24 ★ Try your best to find out about the truth. ★ Ask yourself what information you have obtained from time to time. ★ Make good use of time to find out more information so as to get closer to the truth. ★ Make decisions only after hearing different advice and make sure you have sufficient information. Mei : I’m studying at Heung Shing Secondary School! Leo : What a coincidence! I study at Lok Lok Secondary School. Our schools are near. What about having lunch together on Monday? Hey, I saw your photos in Facebook. I can go to your school and take you to fast food. We can exchange our mobile phone number so that we can keep in touch. My number is 1234 1234. What about yours? Mei : … 25 What are the choices? Choice 1: Accept the invitation and give your mobile phone number Choice 2: Decline the invitation but give your mobile phone number Choice 3: What to consider? 1. Why does he want to meet me? 2. My decision Please “” in the appropriate circle to indicate your choice. ○ Accept the invitation and give your mobile phone number ○ Decline the invitation but give your mobile phone number ○ Others: Why do I make this decision? My major consideration(s) when making the decision is/are: 26 Mei : Okay! My mobile phone number is 2345 2345! On the day they met, Mei suddenly received Leo’s message… Leo’s message : Mei, I’m Leo. I’m sorry. As my lesson has ended late, I can’t come to your school. I’ve bought lunch boxes. How about having lunch together at a nearby park? I’ll wait for you! Mei : … What are the choices? Choice 1: Go to the park for the date Choice 2: Decline the invitation What to consider? 1. Is it safe to meet at the park near the school? 2. My decision Please “” in the appropriate circle to indicate your choice. ○ Go to the park for the date ○ Decline the invitation ○ Others: 27 Choice 3: Why do I make this decision? My major consideration(s) when making the decision is/are: Although Mei found it a little disturbing, she was worried that Leo would be disappointed if she rejected the date. Therefore, she decided finally to go to the park. When Mei arrived to the park, she found that the place was very quiet … 28 What are the choices? Choice 1: Stay Choice 2: Leave immediately Choice 3: What to consider? 1. Is the place I am staying safe? How can I protect myself? 2. My decision Please “” in the appropriate circle to indicate your choice. ○ Stay ○ Leave immediately ○ Others: Why do I make this decision? My major consideration(s) when making the decision is/are: 29 In the story, was the main character Mei gradually lured into a dangerous trap? Let us analyse the development of the story carefully so as to expose the dangers within: Scenario 1: Cyber-friend Leo gave his personal information first to win the trust from Mei. He asked for her personal information using excuses, but Mei was careless as she thought that “there’s nothing bad to know one more friend! We don’t need to see each other, so there is nothing to lose!” Scenario 2: Leo intentionally checked Mei’s personal information (e.g. family background, Mei’s school and photos) and then invited her to have lunch together. He made use of the chance to get her mobile phone number. Scenario 3: Leo made an excuse to change the lunch location (to a park). Mei was forced to decide within a short time. Scenario 4: Finally, Mei was lured to a very quiet place (the park) for the date. 30 1. Can you point out the potential dangers in each stage of Mei’s exchange with the other person? Suggested answer: Scenario 1: Scenario 2: Scenario 3: Scenario 4: 2. In the beginning when Mei agreed to have lunch with Leo, she might have considered the issue of safety. However, why did she end up meeting Leo at a quiet park? 31 Analytical Ability Extended Activity III: Youth and Cyber-friendship – His Story Many may know that when making friends on the internet, we might encounter people with bad intentions. There are some youths who would still take risks and meet unidentified cyber-friends because they provide opportunities for free food, drink, games and entertainment. Often they overestimate their ability to judge a cyber-friend, and this may lead to losses or harm. Those with bad intentions are armed with many tricks, and would take advantage of our every careless slip. Now let us watch a re-enacted scenario of a real case, and reveal the scam within. 32 Con artist 1 Sex : Identity : Cyber-friend Place of living : Met through : Accomplice Accomplice Main character Sex : Male Identity : Cyber-friend Place of living : Met through : Met through : Con artist 1 Con artist 1 Sex : Identity : Sex : Accomplice Place of living : Identity : Place of living : 33 Watch the video and fill in suitable information in the space provided. Thought questions may be answered later during group discussions. Thought questions: 1.1 Why do you think the main character did not find it alarming that the con artist has invited him to meet on the mainland? 1.2 What are the risks of meeting a stranger outside Hong Kong? 34 First trick: Thought questions: Countering the tricks – The first trick: 2.1 Why do you think that the main character was not suspicious about “the first trick”? 2.2 If you were the main character, how would you respond? 35 Second Trick: Thought questions: Countering the tricks – The second trick: 2.3 Why do you think the female cyber-friend kept urging the main character to do “that”? 2.4 If you are the main character, how would you respond? Third trick: Thought question: Countering the tricks – The third trick: 2.5 If you are the main character, how would you respond? 36 Watch the video and fill in suitable information in the spaces provided. “Thought questions” may be answered later during group discussion. Three things to note about making friends online Thought question: Before the end of the video, the police raised two questions: (i) Are the words of the cyber-friends believable? (ii) How much do you know about their real identities and background? If the main character had considered these two questions before meeting the cyber-friend, would the outcome be different? 37 My reflections Write down three most valuable learning points for this activity, then share with your neighbouring classmate. 38