OCR Level 3
Cambridge Technicals
in Health and Social Care
Unit 5: Anatomy and
physiology for health and
social care
Meet Mike
What’s happening to Mike’s body?
How the heart functions if a person
is healthy
On the right side, the upper
chamber fills with oxygendepleted blood from your
body and pushes it via the
lower chamber and the
pulmonary artery back to the
lungs. Here blood picks up
oxygen and releases carbon
dioxide.
How the heart functions if a person
is healthy
On the left side, the upper
chamber fills with oxygenrich blood from the lungs.
This is pumped via the lower
chamber into the aorta and
out to the body to provide
cells with the crucial oxygen
they need.
How the heart functions if a person
is healthy
On average, most people
have a heart rate of around
72 beats per minute at rest.
The impact of Mike’s lifestyle
on his heart
The impact of Mike’s lifestyle
on his heart
Mike’s high fat diet may result in his
coronary artery becoming furred up or
partially blocked with fatty material called
atheroma.
The impact of Mike’s lifestyle
on his heart
This may result in the artery not supplying
enough blood to the heart muscle to meet
its needs during exertion or activity.
The impact of Mike’s lifestyle
on his heart
This could result in muscle ‘cramps’,
causing chest pain known as angina.
The impact of Mike’s lifestyle
on his heart
If Mike continues to have an unhealthy
lifestyle this may result in the coronary
artery becoming completely blocked with
no blood reaching the heart muscle,
causing a heart attack.
What’s happening to Mike’s body?
How the lungs function if a person is
healthy
Your lungs will take gas that
your body needs to get rid of
A person
breathe
(carbonmay
dioxide)
andin
andthrough
out anywhere
fromof15a process
25
times per
minute.
gaseous
exchange,
exchange it for gas that your
body can use (oxygen).
The impact of Mike’s lifestyle
on his lungs
Over time, the constant
irritation of tar-producing
smoke in the lungs can
lead to a breathing
disease known as
emphysema, which
causes shortness of
breath.
Smoking is related to a
high number of lung
cancer related deaths in
the UK.
Cigarette smoking coats
the lungs with a toxic
known as tar.
What’s happening to Mike’s body?
How the kidneys function if a person
is healthy
Your kidneys act as a
filter. They retain fluids
and nutrients that your
body needs and gets rid
of those fluids and
nutrients that your body
no longer needs by
making urine.
How the kidneys function if a person
is healthy
Your kidneys will:
Remove wastes from your
body (urea, ammonia,
drugs, toxic substances).
Keep the acid/base
concentration of your blood
constant.
Regulate the composition of
your blood: Keep the
volume of water in your
body constant.
The impact of Mike’s lifestyle
on his kidneys
When
the lungs
absorb
Smokers
have
an
the carcinogens
in
increased
risk of kidney
tobacco
smoke
into the
disease
and cancer,
bloodstream,
according
to the these
National
chemicals
Kidney
andbecome
Urologic
concentrated
in the
Diseases
Information
kidneys
as they try to
Clearinghouse
filter (NKUDIC).
the blood. This
impacts on the function of
the kidneys and can lead
to kidney failure.
How could Mike
improve his lifestyle in
order to reduce the
negative impacts of his
lifestyle on his organs?
Stop smoking.
Reduce alcohol intake.
Exercise frequently.
Increase water intake.
What will you learn?
Be able to interpret
data obtained from
monitoring routine
activities with
reference to the
functioning of healthy
body systems.
Understand how
homeostatic
mechanisms
operate in the
maintenance of an
internal
environment.
Understand the
functioning of the body
systems associated with
energy metabolism.
Organisation
of the Human
Body.
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