Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) topic quiz
Developing Fuels
Instructions and answers for teachers
These instructions cover the learner activity section which can be found on page 9. This
Lesson Element supports OCR AS and A Level Chemistry B (Salters).
When distributing the activity section to the learners either as a printed copy or as a
Word file you will need to remove the teacher instructions section.
The Activity
This Lesson Element is a teaching and learning resource containing 10 multiple choice
questions (MCQs) on the theme of developing fuels. Some questions might require synoptic
thinking, using knowledge and ideas from various topics across the full A Level content.
This resource can be used to test and consolidate understanding at the end of a topic or to
revisit and refresh knowledge at a later point in the course.
Learning Outcomes
This lesson element relates to the specification learning outcomes DF(a), DF(d), DF(e),
DF(g), DF(l), DF(m), DF(o), DF(q), DF(s), DF(t), DF(u).
Introduction
Multiple choice questions allow rapid coverage of a wide range of sub-topics.
Contrary to a widespread belief among students, multiple choice questions are not
necessarily easy – they can be easy, moderate or difficult.
The questions are written so that the incorrect answers are plausible distractors based on
common errors or misconceptions.
The questions in this quiz cover topics mainly from specification sections:
Developing fuels.
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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) topic quiz - answers
1.
Which molecule is a structural isomer of E-but-2-ene?
A
Z-but-2-ene
The learner has confused structural and
geometric isomerism.
B
2-methylbut-2-ene
The learner has not taken into account the
extra carbon in the formula.
C
methylpropane
The learner has not taken into account
different numbers of hydrogen atoms
between alkanes and alkenes.
D
methylpropene
Correct answer: Methylpropene and
Z-but-2-ene have the same molecular
formula but different structure.
Your answer
2.
Which statement must be true for an exothermic reaction?
A
More bonds are broken than are
made.
The learner has not appreciated that enthalpy
change depends on bond energy rather than
the number of bonds. They have also
confused the relative sign of the enthalpy
change for bond breaking vs making.
B
More bonds are made than are
broken.
The learner has not appreciated that enthalpy
change depends on bond energy rather than
the number of bonds.
C
More energy is released in
The learner has confused the relative sign of
breaking bonds than is required to the enthalpy change for bond breaking vs
make bonds.
making.
D
More energy is released in
making bonds than is required to
break bonds.
Correct answer: Making bonds is
exothermic and breaking bonds is
endothermic.
Your answer
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D
2
D
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3.
Which reaction would have a negative value for H?
A
CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g)
The reaction is a regularly used example of
an endothermic process so the learner may
be confused about the sign for an
endothermic reaction.
B
CaO(s) + H2O(l)  Ca(OH)2(s)
Correct answer: This is a vigorously
exothermic reaction.
C
2H2O(l)  2H2(g) + O2(g)
The learner may be thinking of the reverse
process which is a well-known exothermic
reaction.
D
K(g)  K+(g) + e–
Ionisation enthalpy is always endothermic but
some learners think of Group 1 metals as
spontaneously forming positive ions so may
mistake it for an exothermic process.
B
Your answer
4.
What amount of gas takes up 6 dm3 at 102 kPa and 25 °C?
A
0.247 mol
Correct answer: pV = nRT so n = pV/RT,
where V is in m3, p is in Pa and T is in K.
B
2.94 mol
The learner has not converted degrees
Celsius to kelvin.
C
4.05 mol
The learner has converted units correctly but
has inverted the equation.
D
247 mol
The learner has not converted dm3 into m3.
Your answer
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A
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5.
Which statement is true of the first step in the mechanism of the reaction between
ethene and hydrogen bromide?
A
The bromine atom accepts an
electron pair from the carbon–
carbon double bond.
This is true of the reaction between Br2 and
ethene, but the HBr molecule has a
permanent dipole meaning the hydrogen
atom always accepts the electrons.
B
The sigma bond between the two
carbon atoms is broken.
The learner is confused about the nature of
sigma and pi bonds, or may have the
misconception that all bonds are broken
initially (carried from the study of bond
enthalpies in energetics).
C
A bromide ion is formed.
Correct answer: The bromine atom in HBr
accepts the shared pair of electrons from the
covalent bond in the first step.
D
A carbon atom becomes
negatively charged.
The learner is confused about the way
charges form in this step of the mechanism.
C
Your answer
6.
Which of these is an advantage of using biodiesel as a substitute for petrol?
A
It is a renewable resource.
Correct answer: Biodiesel is made from
plants which can be regrown.
B
No CO2 is released on
combustion.
A common misconception stemming from the
description of biofuels as ‘carbon neutral’.
C
It has a higher energy density.
Another common assumption which is not
true; biodiesel produces less energy per
gram.
D
Less NOx is released on
combustion.
A misconception stemming from the idea of
biodiesel being a ‘clean’ fuel, without taking
into account the nature of the engine as the
comparison is being made with petrol and not
regular diesel.
Your answer
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A
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7.
The alkenes are an example of a homologous series of compounds.
Which statement is true for all members of any homologous series?
A
They all have the same molecular
formula.
The learner is perhaps confusing molecular
and general formulae.
B
They all have the same general
formula.
Correct answer: Each member of a
homologous series differs by one CH2 group.
C
They all have the same physical
properties.
The learner is perhaps confusing physical
with chemical properties or is thinking of
physical trends (e.g. increasing boiling
points).
D
They all react with bromine water.
The learner has misread the question, which
refers to any homologous series, as referring
to alkenes.
Your answer
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B
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8.
A Hess cycle is shown below.
What is a correct expression for H1?
A
fH(C2H5OH) – [fH(CH2CH2) +
fH(H2O)]
The learner has not paid attention to the
direction of the arrows in the Hess cycle or to
the substances at the bottom which clearly
show the products of combustion and not
elements.
B
[fH(CH2CH2) + fH(H2O)] –
fH(C2H5OH)
The learner has paid attention to the direction
of the arrows but not to the fact that these are
enthalpies of combustion rather than
formation (see above).
C
cH(CH2CH2) – cH(C2H5OH)
Correct answer: Water does not have an
enthalpy of combustion as it is a product of
combustion.
D
cH(C2H5OH) – cH(CH2CH2)
The learner has appreciated that combustion
enthalpies need to be used but has
rearranged the components of the Hess cycle
incorrectly from the direction of the arrows
given.
Your answer
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C
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9.
What is the correct name for the compound shown below?
A
Z-but-2-ene
The learner has miscounted the number of
atoms in the chain.
B
E-1-methyl-2-ethylethene
The learner has not appreciated the
importance of the longest carbon chain in
systematic names, and also has E/Z isomers
confused.
C
Z-1-methyl-2-ethylethene
The learner has not appreciated the
importance of the longest carbon chain in
systematic names.
D
Z-pent-2-ene
Correct answer: The molecule has a fivecarbon chain and the hydrogen atoms are on
the same side of the double bond.
Your answer
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D
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10.
Three flasks each contain 240 cm3 of a different gas, under the same conditions of
room temperature and pressure.
Which of the following statements is/are true for all three of the flasks?
1.
They each contain the same number of gas molecules.
2.
They each contain 0.1 mol of gas.
3.
They each contain the same number of atoms.
A
1, 2 and 3
Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect and the learner has either leapt to
conclusions or rushed the calculation; the
flasks contain 0.01 mol of gas. For Statement
3, the learner has not appreciated the range
of different sizes and formulae of gas
molecules.
B
only 1 and 2
The learner understands that different gas
molecules can contain different numbers of
atoms, but has rushed the volume/amount
calculation.
C
only 2 and 3
The learner has omitted the only correct
answer and may have misread the question.
D
only 1
Correct answer: Only the first statement is
correct – the amount of gas, and therefore
number of individual gas molecules, will be
the same.
Your answer
D
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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) topic quiz
Developing Fuels
Learner Activity
1.
Which molecule is a structural isomer of E-but-2-ene?
A
Z-but-2-ene
B
2-methylbut-2-ene
C
methylpropane
D
methylpropene
Your answer
2.
Which statement must be true for an exothermic reaction?
A
More bonds are broken than are made.
B
More bonds are made than are broken.
C
More energy is released in breaking bonds than is required to make bonds.
D
More energy is released in making bonds than is required to break bonds.
Your answer
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3.
Which reaction would have a negative value for H?
A
CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g)
B
CaO(s) + H2O(l)  Ca(OH)2(s)
C
2H2O(l)  2H2(g) + O2(g)
D
K(g)  K+(g) + e–
Your answer
4.
What amount of gas takes up 6 dm3 at 102 kPa and 25 °C?
A
0.247 mol
B
2.94 mol
C
4.05 mol
D
247 mol
Your answer
5.
Which statement is true of the first step in the mechanism of the reaction between
ethene and hydrogen bromide?
A
The bromine atom accepts an electron pair from the carbon–carbon double
bond.
B
The sigma bond between the two carbon atoms is broken.
C
A bromide ion is formed.
D
A carbon atom becomes negatively charged.
Your answer
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6.
Which of these is an advantage of using biodiesel as a substitute for petrol?
A
It is a renewable resource.
B
No CO2 is released on combustion.
C
It has a higher energy density.
D
Less NOx is released on combustion.
Your answer
7.
The alkenes are an example of a homologous series of compounds.
Which statement is true for all members of any homologous series?
A
They all have the same molecular formula.
B
They all have the same general formula.
C
They all have the same physical properties.
D
They all react with bromine water.
Your answer
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8.
A Hess cycle is shown below.
What is a correct expression for H1?
A
fH(C2H5OH) – [fH(CH2CH2) + fH(H2O)]
B
[fH(CH2CH2) + fH(H2O)] – fH(C2H5OH)
C
cH(CH2CH2) – cH(C2H5OH)
D
cH(C2H5OH) – cH(CH2CH2)
Your answer
9.
What is the correct name for the compound shown below?
A
Z-but-2-ene
B
E-1-methyl-2-ethylethene
C
Z-1-methyl-2-ethylethene
D
Z-pent-2-ene
Your answer
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10.
Three flasks each contain 240 cm3 of a different gas, under the same conditions of
room temperature and pressure.
Which of the following statements is/are true for all three of the flasks?
1:
They each contain the same number of gas molecules.
2:
They each contain 0.1 mol of gas.
3:
They each contain the same number of atoms.
A
1, 2 and 3
B
only 1 and 2
C
only 2 and 3
D
only 1
Your answer
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