Introduction to Geographic Information Systems
Fall 2013 (INF 385T-28620)
Dr. David Arctur
Research Fellow, Adjunct Faculty
University of Texas at Austin
Lecture 3
September 12, 2013
GIS Outputs
Outline
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Map audiences
Map layouts
Reports and graphs
Map scales
Interactive map
Map animation
ArcGIS Online
Exporting maps
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Two categories of audience
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General public
 Purpose: communication or information lookup
 Frequency of use: low and irregular
 Geographic knowledge: general
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Trained analyst
 Purpose: exploration—identification and
diagnosis of spatial patterns (problems)
 Frequency of use: high and regular
 Geographic knowledge: special
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Map audiences
Map use:
Exploration
Presentation
Audience:
Trained analyst
General public
Purpose:
Visual thinking
Communication
Advantages:
Graphical
Believable
Granularity:
Fine
Coarse
Symbols:
Abstract
Mimetic
capital
railroad
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Lecture 3
MAP LAYOUTS
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Layout example 1
• Map—most
prominent element
• Map title and
subtitle
-what, where, and
when
• Legend
- no need to label it
Legend
• Data sources
• Date
- date data collected
• Map author
(optional)
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Layout example 2
Graphic scale
-on large-scale maps
North arrow
-not always
necessary
Neatline
-rectangular
boundary
Other elements
-Data sources
-Inset maps
-Data tables
-Charts
-Photographs
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Layout example 3
Multiple maps
 Same:
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Sizes, positions
Scales (map
and numeric)
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Projection
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Color ramps
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Bad layout
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Good layout
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Lecture 3
REPORTS AND GRAPHS
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Create a report
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Select records for a report
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Add report to layout
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Create a graph
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Create a graph
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Lecture 3
MAP SCALES
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Map scales
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Map scale ratios
 Dimensionless
 Used with any linear measurement unit
such as feet, meters, or miles
 Example, 1:24,000
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“Representative fraction”
1 inch on the map is 24,000 inches on the
ground (or 2,000 feet)
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Map scales
1:10,000 is large scale
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1:100,000,000 is small scale
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Scale 1:100,000
Scale
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Scale 1:24,000
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Scale 1:10,000
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Map units
Feet or meters is
the map unit for
most local
government GIS
applications
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Commonly used map scales
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Lecture 3
INTERACTIVE MAP
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Example: Decision support for police
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Detection—scan entire jurisdiction for
problems/opportunities
 Where are there large numbers of burglaries? Large
increases in burglaries expected?
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Diagnosis—drill down to details for problem solving
 Analyze patterns of leading indicator crimes that are
predictive of future burglaries
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General elements of decision support
system
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Keep event-data layers (usually product or service
demand) up to date
Provide enterprise-level choropleth maps for
product/service demand level and change for
detection and forecasting
Provide large-scale map layers with individual
demand points for diagnosis
 Uses visible scale range to turn detailed layers on when
zoomed in
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Detection: High burglary levels
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Detection: Large changes in burglaries
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Diagnosis: drill down to current
burglary and leading indicator crimes
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Lecture 3
MAP ANIMATION
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Create animation
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Crimes over time
 Set time properties
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Animation properties
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Time slider window and options
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Play animation
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CAD Calls Context shows recent historical crime points
CAD Calls shows current crime points
Combination of two layers shows emerging, persisting, and
extinguishing spatial crime clusters
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Lecture 3
ARCGIS ONLINE
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ArcServer software for online maps
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Organization must have own server
and computer programmers
Expensive to install and maintain
See demos at
http://www.esri.com/apps/showcase/index.cfm?f
a=showcase&StartRow=126&Tech=ArcGIS
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ArcGIS Online
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Web service hosted by Esri on Esri servers
www.arcgis.com
Versions
 Free for individuals using standard interface
 Subscription web service for organizations
 Allows customization of “look” and structure
 Can embed into organization website
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Sample ArcGIS Online individual map
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Viewed in browser over the Internet
Uses Schools and Neighborhoods created in ArcGIS for Desktop
Uses basemap with topography and roads from ArcGIS Online
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Lecture 3
EXPORTING MAPS
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Outputs
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Raster
 .bmp, .tif, .jpg
 Size/Resolution
 Color options
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Vector
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Enhanced Metafile (.emf)
Encapsulated PostScript (.eps)
Adobe Illustrator (.ai)
Layer packages (.lpk)
.dxf or .dwg
Web
 .JPG, .PDF
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Export map
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Data or layout view
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Image file
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PDF document
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Word or PowerPoint
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Copy and paste individual map
elements
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Summary
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Map audiences
Map layouts
Reports and graphs
Map scales
Interactive map
Map animation
ArcGIS Online
Exporting maps
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Assignment 3-2: First Draft…
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3-2: Refined…
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