MGT 101 - Principles of Management and Business
Leadership
Objective
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Define leader and leadership
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Compare different approaches to defining leadership
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View different types of leaders, based on behaviors and traits
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Discuss trust as the essence of leadership
Leadership and Leaders
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Leadership: the process of leading a group and influencing that
group to achieve its goals
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Leader: someone who can influence others and who has managerial
authority
Research Approaches of Defining
Leadership
Approach
How?
The Trait Approach
Key traits that separate leaders from their peers
The Behavior Approach
To understand what managers and leaders do while on the job and to
ascertain which of these behaviors reflect effective versus ineffective
leadership
The Situational Approach
Ascertain what contextual intervening variables exist that influence
leadership outcomes
The Power-Influence Approach
- Focuses on influence processes that flows from leader to subordinatesViews leadership as primarily a phenomenon of influence
The Integrative Approach
Usage of the above 4 approaches in any combination within a research
study
Source: Bird, Allan, Martha L. Maznevski, Mark E. Mendenhall, Gary R. Oddou, and Joyce S. Osland. "Leadership and the Birth of Global Leadership."
Global Leadership: Research, Practice, and Development. London [u.a.: Routledge, 2008. 2-6. Print.
Leadership Behaviors
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According to the University of Iowa leadership behaviors (or styles) are:
1. Autocratic Style: a leader who centralize authority, dictates work
methods, makes unilateral decisions, and limits employee participation
2. Democratic Style: a leader who involves employees in decision
making, delegates authority, encourages participation in deciding work
methods, and uses feedback to coach employees
3. Laissez-Faire Style: a leader who generally gives employees complete
freedom to make decisions and to complete their work however they see
fit
Different Leaders
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According to University of Michigan:
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Employee Oriented: a leader who emphasizes the people aspects
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Production Oriented: a leader who emphasizes the technical or
task aspects
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Transactional Leaders: leaders who lead primarily by using social
exchanges (or transactions)
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Transformational Leaders: leaders who stimulate and inspire
(transform) followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes
Different Leaders
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Charismatic Leaders: enthusiastic, self-confident leaders whose
personalities and actions influence people to behave in certain ways
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Visionary Leadership: the ability to create articulate a realistic,
credible, and attractive vision of the future that improves on the
present situation
Trust
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Trust: the belief on the integrity, character, and ability of a leader
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Dimensions of trust:
1. Integrity: honesty and truthfulness
2. Competence: technical and interpersonal knowledge and skills
3. Consistency: reliability, predictability, and good judgement in
handling situations
4. Loyalty: willingness to protect a person, physically and emotionally
5. Openness: willingness to share ideas and information freely
Learning Outcomes
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There are different approaches of defining leadership: trait, behavior,
situational, and power-influence
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Thus, we describe leaders differently, in terms of charisma,
transformation, autocracy... etc.
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Trust is the essence of leadership