COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY
Department OF Restorative Dentistry [RDS]
Pre-Clinical Operative Dentistry
213 RDS
II YEAR, 1st & 2nd Semester
STUDY GUIDE
Message from the Dean
Assalamu alaikum wa rahamatullahi wa barakatahu
It is my pleasure to welcome you to the College of Dentistry - Zulfi at Majmaah University,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. College of Dentistry aims to improve the dental health of the
people in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through providing the students with excellent clinical
training, supporting research and learning environment. Towards this goal the Department
of Restorative Dentistry has prepared a course handbook for Preclinical Operative
Dentistry for the benefit of the students.
I have read this handbook and would like to assure you that the team has done an
excellent job in addressing all the questions a student will have at the start of the course.
This handbook also contains all the schedule of lectures and practical classes. I would like to
congratulate the team for coming up with this handbook.
I am happy to be the Dean of the College of Dentistry and I am sure that the
assurance from the dedication of our energetic and benevolent faculty and staff prompts
you to be skilled and knowledgeable in attaining high standard of education.
Best wishes
Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Atram
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Message from the members of the committee
Dear students,
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences welcomes you in a very important
and fascinating course which will help you learning the basics of operative
dentistry. During the course, you will learn basics of cavity preparation, pulp
protection and subsequent restoration. Preparation of complex cavities and
restoring them with pin fixation is also part of this program.
Caries removal on natural teeth gives a 3-D imagination to the students. It will
allow removing caries lesion specifically. It saves unnecessary tooth
destruction and students learn conservation of tooth tissue.
You will be encouraged to learn and improve your psychomotor skills as much
as possible. Good luck
Course committee
3|Page
Approval of the course
The course has been reviewed and revised by committee members of
Restorative Dentistry.
The approval has been granted in a
Departmental meeting held on ----------------Curriculum Committee meeting held on ----------------College council meeting held on -----------------
4|Page
Table of contents
S. No.
Contents
Page No.
1.
Message from the dean.
2
2.
Message from the course committee.
3
3.
Approval of the course.
4
4.
Table of contents.
5
5.
General course information
6
6.
General course description
7
7.
General course objectives
8
8.
Course contents First Semester
9
9.
Course contents Second Semester
13
10.
Detailed objectives of lectures First Semester
16
11.
Detailed objectives of lectures Second Semester
18
12.
Detailed objectives of Pre-Clinical part
20
13.
Students Assessment and Marks distribution
22
14.
Student expected needed study hours per week and
23
student support
15.
Teaching and learning resources
23
16.
Course evaluation and improvement process
24
17.
Recommended Text Books
25
18.
Facilities required
26
5|Page
Course Information
Course Title
Preclinical Operative Dentistry
Course
Code
213 RDS
Course
components
& credit hr
lectures
Practical sessions
Credit hr
1st
semester
1
2
3
2nd
semester
1
2
3
Prerequisite
122 RDS
Year / Level
2nd year, 1st& 2nd semester
Course
coordinator
Dr. Gaurav Garg
Course
Committee
Dr. Mousa Abu Fadaleh
Dr. Mohammed Nabulsi
Dr. Gaurav Garg
Course
tutor
Dr. Gaurav
Garg
Lecturer
gaurav1059@gmail.com
Tuesday: 10
AM -1 PM
Thursday: 9
AM-1 PM
Office
Location
College of Dentistry, Al zulfi
Office
Phone #
Office
Hours
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Monday 8:00 AM– 11:00 AM
General Course Description
This is a one year course consists of two main components, the principles of cavity preparations for
the currently available restoratives and their physical and manipulative characteristics and cavity
restoration. They are provided by the RDS Department during the two semesters of the second year.
This course will provide you with an overview of the Operative Dentistry Program, its organization,
the kinds of instructional materials you will be using and the types of testing and grading procedures
employed. The students will learn significance of pulp protection and its current strategies.
This course of study is critically important to your future as a practitioner. It prepares you to provide
the major portion of dental care to your patients.
It will be a combination of lectures and lab exercises, representing different restorative procedures
in Operative Dentistry.
All of the lectures, instructional procedures and materials that you will receive have been designed
to help you develop the knowledge, the skills and judgment necessary to achieve the goals of
Operative Dentistry Program.
The development and exercise of integrity is as essential to your competency in dental care as in the
development of your knowledge and skills.
7|Page
General Course Objectives
At the end of this course, the student should be able to
1. Understand etiology, difference between old and new conception of dental caries,
its prevention modalities, its diagnostic and current treatment strategies
2. Perform cavity preparation according to Black's cavity designs and modified cavity
designs under isolation
3. Know the indications, contraindications, merits and demerits of direct metallic and
composite restorations
4. Describe significance of various methods of controlling moisture from the operation
site
5. Recognize the importance of occlusion and infection control in restorative dentistry
6. Know the role of dentinal pins and efficacy of the other auxiliary means for retention
of dental restorations
7. Describe the need of pulp protection and can perform pulp protection using various
cements and bases
8. Know current strategies to perform pulp protection and avoid the trauma to pulp by
use of rotary dental instruments
9. Describe role of adhesion in modern-day dentistry
10. Discuss controversy over use of amalgam dental composite
11. Mention causes of non-carious tooth surface loss
12. Describe significance of pit fissure sealants and their use
8|Page
Course content
FIRST SEMESTER
A – Lectures (14)
Lecture
Lecture
[No.]
[date]
1
2
Title of Lecture: Course contents
Introduction to the course
1.
Definition and history
2.
Factors affecting operative
treatment
3.
Future of operative dentistry
Isolation and Control of the
Operating Field
No. of
Weeks
Contact
Hours
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Goals of isolation
2. Advantages
3. Methods of isolation
3
Class I Amalgam Cavity Preparation
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. Pulp protection
6. finishing
4
Class V Amalgam Cavity Preparation
1. Outline form
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Staff
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. Pulp protection
6. finishing
5
Restoration of class I and Class V
with Amalgam
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Amalgam manipulation
2. Restorative procedure
6
Finishing and Polishing of Amalgam
Restorations
1. Rationale
2. Material used
3. Procedure
7
Class II Amalgam Cavity Preparation
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. Pulp protection
6. finishing
8
Dental Matrices : Definition, Uses,
Requirements, Types and their
Application
1. Definition
2. Uses
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3. Requirements
4. Types
5. Application
9
Restoration of Class II, Finishing &
Polishing Amalgam
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Restorative procedure
2. Finishing & polishing procedure
10
Composite Resin Material Part I:
History, Composition, Types,
Advantages, Disadvantages,
Indications and Contraindications
1. History
2. Composition
3. Types
4. Advantages
5. Disadvantages
6. Indications
7. Contraindications
11
Principles of Tooth Preparation for
Composite
1. Introduction
2. General considerations
3. Clinical technique
4. Tooth preparation
5. Common problems: causes and
potential solutions
12
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Restoration Class III Composite
Resin Cavity Preparation
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. Pulp protection
6. finishing
13
Class IV, V Composite Resin Cavity
Preparation
1
1
1
1
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. Pulp protection
6. finishing
14
Composite Resin Material II :
Etching, Bonding and Restorative
Procedure
1. Chemicals used for etching
2. effect of etching on tooth
structure
3. advantages of etching
4. Different Bonding agents
5. Restorative Procedure
6. Finishing & polishing
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Course content (skills)
First Semester
B – Practical Sessions (14)
Staff
Contact
Hours
1
No. of
Weeks
Title of Lecture: Course contents
Introduction to operative dentistry,
Familiarize students with phantom lab
,demonstration of the instruments and
equipment’s used
1. Refreshing knowledge
2. Cleaning and oiling of
instruments
3. Preparing for further assignments
Rubber Dam Application
1. Importance of isolation
2. Armamentarium of rubber dam
3. How to apply rubber dam
Class I & V Ag prep & restoration
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. Pulp protection
6. restoration
7. finishing
2
3
Class II Preparation & restoration
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. Pulp protection
6. restoration
7. finishing
4
Class I compound (MB) prep Lower molar
Direct vision
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. finishing
5
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Lecture
Lecture
[date]
[No.]
3
Staff
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
Contact
Hours
7
Class I compound (ML) prep
Upper molar Indirect vision
1. Outline form
2. Convenience form
3. Retention form
4. Resistance form
5. finishing
Class I and V Cavity prep for composite
1. modified cavity prep
2. beveling of margins
3. tooth conservation
8
MOD cavity prep for composite
1. modified cavity prep
2. beveling of margins
3. tooth conservation
6
Restoration with composite
1. etching
2. washing
3. bonding
4. drying
5. packing
6. curing
Restoration with composite
1. finishing
2. polishing
9
10
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
11
Submission for grading
3
1
12
Quiz/OSPE
3
1
13
Make up for any deficiency
3
1
14
Final examination
3
1
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Course content
SECOND SEMESTER
A – Lectures (15)
Lecture
Lecture
[No.]
[date]
1
Title of Lecture: Course contents
Pit and Fissure Sealant, Preventive Resin
Restorations and Minimal Preparation for
Posterior Composite
No. of
Weeks
Contact
Hours
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Types
2. Technique
3. Guidelines for application
2
Direct Posterior Composite Restoration
1. Indications
2. Contraindication
3. Advantages
4. Technique
5. Durability
3
Glass Ionomer Cement (Material)
1. Types
2. Composition
3. Manipulation
4. Fluoride release
5. Physical properties
6. Uses
4
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Glass Ionomer Cement (Clinical
Manipulation)
Staff
1. Manipulation
2. Clinical procedures
3. finishing
5
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and
Compomers
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Types
2. Composition
3. Manipulation
4. Fluoride release
5. Physical properties
6. Uses
6
Pulp Protection by the Use of Insulating
Bases and Liners
1. Rationale for pulp protection
2. materials
3. Indications
4. manipulation
5. Functions
7
Introduction to the Complex Amalgam
Restoration and Pin-retained Complex
Amalgam Cavity Preparation
1. Indications
2. Contraindications
3. Advantages
4. Disadvantages
5. Clinical technique
8
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Pin-retained Complex Amalgam Preparation
and Restorative Technique of Complex
Amalgam Restorations
1. Clinical technique
2. Finishing & polishing
9
Principles of Tooth Preparation for Cast Gold
Restorations
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Indications
2. Contraindications
3. Advantages
4. Disadvantages
5. Clinical technique
10
Tooth Preparation for Cast Gold Inlay
Restorations
1. Indications
2. Contraindications
3. Advantages
4. Disadvantages
5. Clinical technique
11
Tooth Preparation for Cast Gold Onlay
Restorations
1. Indications
2. Contraindications
3. Advantages
4. Disadvantages
5. Clinical technique
12
Provisional Restorations
1. Indications
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2. Advantages
3. Materials
4. Clinical technique
13
Indirect Posterior Esthetic Restorations (I, II)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Indications
2. Contraindications
3. Advantages
4. Disadvantage
5. Clinical technique
14
Failure of Restoration
1. Etiology
2. Prevention
3. Correction
4. Management
15
Biological Influence of Restorative
Procedures and Materials
1. Biological effects of different restorative
materials
2. Mechanism
3. Potential hazards
4. Prevention
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Course content (skills)
Second Semester
B – Practical Sessions (14)
Lecture
Lecture
[No.]
[date]
Title of Lecture: Course contents
Contact
Hours
No. of Weeks
Revision MOD
1
1. Refreshing knowledge
2. Cleaning and oiling of
instruments
3
1
Class III with Buccal approach
2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Access
Outline
Retention
Resistance
Finishing
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
Class III with lingual approach
3
4
5
1.
2.
3.
4.
Access
Outline
Retention
Resistance
Finishing
Class IV with buccal approach
1. Access
2. Outline
3. Retention
4. Resistance
Finishing
Class IV with lingual approach
1. Access
2. Outline
3. Retention
4. Resistance
Finishing
Submission for grading
6
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Staff
7
Restoration of class III with
composite
1. Mylar strip application
2. Wedge insertion
3. Shaping and finishing
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
Quiz/OSPE/Oral
8
9-10
11
Caries removal Natural teeth
1. Lesion specific caries
removal
2. Infected and affected dentin
3. Caries free DEJ
4. Pulp protection
Complex cavity Preparation
1. MB Cusp build up
2. Pin fixation
Complex cavity preparation
1. ML cusp build up
2. Pin fixation
12
Make up for any deficiency
13
Final exam
14
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Detailed Objectives (Knowledge)
Semester- 1
At the end of the session the students should know:
1. Introduction to the course:

History of operative dentistry

Identification of Various dental diseases

Current & future operative treatment modalities
2. Isolation and Control of the Operating Field

Importance of isolation

Different methods of isolation

Advantages of isolation
3. Class I Amalgam Cavity Preparation

Preparation of Class I cavity according to the outline form, retention form, resistance
form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
4. Class V Amalgam Cavity Preparation

Preparation of Class V cavity according to the outline form, retention form, resistance
form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
5. Restoration of class I and Class V with Amalgam
21 | P a g e

Manipulation and handling of amalgam

Steps in restorative procedure

Importance of developing anatomic contours in restoration

Occlusal assessment & instructions to patient
6. Finishing and Polishing of Amalgam Restorations

Importance and advantages of finishing & polishing

Material used & clinical procedure of finishing & polishing

Precautions to be taken during finishing & polishing procedures
7. Class II Amalgam Cavity Preparation

Preparation of Class II cavity according to the outline form, retention form, resistance
form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
8. Dental Matrices : Definition, Uses, Requirements, Types and their Application

Definition and importance of dental matrices

Various types of dental matrices and their uses

Selective application of dental matrices
9. Restoration of Class II, Finishing & Polishing Amalgam

Manipulation and handling of amalgam

Steps in restorative procedure

Importance of developing anatomic contacts and contours in restoration

Occlusal assessment & instructions to patient

Importance and advantages of finishing & polishing

Material used & clinical procedure of finishing & polishing

Precautions to be taken during finishing & polishing procedures
10. Composite Resin Material Part I: History, Composition, Types, Advantages, Disadvantages,
Indications and Contraindications
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
History of dental composites and generations of adhesive systems

Classification, types & composition of dental composite resins

Advantages & limitations of composites as restorative material

Indications & contraindications of composites
11. Principles of Tooth Preparation for Composite

General considerations for tooth preparations for composites

Different types of tooth preparation designs for composites

Clinical technique for tooth preparation for composites
12. Restoration Class III Composite Resin Cavity Preparation

Preparation of Class III composite cavity according to the outline form, resistance
form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
13. Class IV, V Composite Resin Cavity Preparation

Preparation of Class III composite cavity according to the outline form, resistance
form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
14. Composite Resin Material II : Etching, Bonding and Restorative Procedure
23 | P a g e

Rationale of etching, material used and its effect on tooth structure & restoration

Different bonding systems and their generations

Restorative procedure for composites

Importance, material used & procedure of finishing & polishing
Semester- 2
At the end of the session the students should know:
1. Pit and Fissure Sealant, Preventive Resin Restorations and Minimal Preparation for
Posterior Composite

Rationale of pit & fissure sealant therapy & preventive resin restorations

Importance, indications & contraindications of pit & fissure sealants & preventive
resin restorations

Types of pits & fissure sealants, advantages and their application

Factors affecting long term success of pit & fissure sealants
2. Direct Posterior Composite Restoration

Introduction of direct posterior composites

Composition, indications, contraindications of direct posterior composites

Steps in clinical procedure and cavity design for direct posterior composites

Advantages of direct posterior composites and their durability
3. Glass Ionomer Cement (Material)

Introduction & history of GIC

Composition, physical & chemical properties, types, classification & various
applications of GIC

Advantages & disadvantages of GIC

Manipulation of GIC
4. Glass Ionomer Cement (Clinical Manipulation)
24 | P a g e

General considerations for tooth preparation for GIC

Indications & contraindications of GIC

Importance of surface conditioning for GIC

Steps in clinical procedure

Importance of finishing & polishing
5. Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and Compomers

Introduction and chemical composition of resin Modified Glass Ionomer and
Compomers

Indications and advantages of resin Modified Glass Ionomer and Compomers

Manipulation and steps in clinical procedures
6. Pulp Protection by the Use of Insulating Bases and Liners

Importance of pulp protection

Importance of understanding the various causes of pulpal injury

Types & classification of pulp protecting materials

Manipulation & selective application of bases & liners
7. Introduction to the Complex Amalgam Restoration and Pin-retained Complex Amalgam
Cavity Preparation

Introduction

Indications & contraindications of Complex Amalgam Restoration and Pin-retained
Complex Amalgam Cavity Preparation

Advantages & disadvantages of Complex Amalgam Restoration and Pin-retained
Complex Amalgam Cavity Preparation

Clinical procedure of Complex Amalgam Restoration and Pin-retained Complex
Amalgam Cavity Preparation
8. Pin-retained Complex Amalgam Preparation and Restorative Technique of Complex
Amalgam Restorations

Introduction

Indications & contraindications of Pin-retained Complex Amalgam Cavity Preparation

Advantages & disadvantages of Pin-retained Complex Amalgam Cavity Preparation

Clinical technique for Pin-retained Complex Amalgam restorations
9. Principles of Tooth Preparation for Cast Gold Restorations
25 | P a g e

Introduction & history of Cast Gold Restorations

Indications, Contraindications, advantages & disadvantages of Cast Gold Restorations

Tooth preparation for cast gold restorations according to the outline form, resistance
form retention form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
10. Tooth Preparation for Cast Gold Inlay Restorations

General considerations for tooth Preparation for Cast Gold Inlay Restorations

Clinical procedure of tooth preparation according to the outline form, resistance form
retention form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
11. Tooth Preparation for Cast Gold Onlay Restorations

General considerations for tooth Preparation for Cast Gold Onlay Restorations

Clinical procedure of tooth preparation according to the outline form, resistance form
retention form and convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance
12. Provisional Restorations

Introduction & general considerations

Need for temporization

Various types, indications, contraindications & advantages of provisional restorations

Material used & their selective application
13. Indirect Posterior Esthetic Restorations (I, II)
26 | P a g e

Introduction

Indications, Contraindications, advantages & disadvantages of Indirect Posterior
Esthetic Restorations

Material used and manipulation

Tooth preparation according to the outline form, resistance form retention form and
convenience form

Importance of pulp protection

Finishing of cavity and its importance

Impression making & lab procedures

Finishing and Cementation
14. Failure of Restoration

Identification of various causes of restoration failure

Prevention of restoration failure

Correction & Management of restoration failure
15. Biological Influence of Restorative Procedures and Materials
27 | P a g e

Introduction & general considerations

Biological effects of different restorative materials

Potential hazards associated with different restorative materials and their prevention
Detailed Practical Objectives (skills)
At the end of the sessions the students should be able to
1. Use Rubber Dam for Isolation
 Importance
 Armamentarium
 Rubber dam application
2. Class I & V Amalgam Preparation & restoration
 Establish
 Outline
 Resistance form
 Retention form
 Convenience form
 restoration
 Finishing
3. Class II preparation & restoration
 Establish
 Outline
 Resistance form
 Retention form
 Convenience form
 restoration
 Finishing
4. Class I compound, MB prep (direct vision)
 Establish
 Outline
 Resistance form
 Retention form
 Convenience form
 Finishing prep
5. Class I compound, ML prep (indirect vision)



Establish
Outline
Resistance form
28 | P a g e
 Retention form
 Convenience form
 Finishing prep
6. Class I and V preparation for composite
 Bevel margins
 Differentiate between Ag and composite prep
 Identify conventional & modified preparation
7. MOD preparation for composite
 Demonstrate conservation of tooth structure
 Performs refined tooth prep
8. Restoration of cavity with composite
 Etch tooth
 Wash and dry (without desiccation)
 Apply bond and cure
 Pack composite in increments
 Cure each increment separately
 Describe ‘C’ factor in composite
9. Restoration of class III with composite
 Apply Mylar strip
 Insert wedge
 Develop appropriate contacts
 Show that embrasure have been kept intact
 Finish restoration
 Polish restoration
10. Caries removal in natural teeth
 Removes caries lesion specifically
 Removes infected dentin
 Makes DEJ caries free
 Performs pulp protection
 Fills the cavity with composite
11. Complex cavity preparation



Identify a complex cavity
Build up broken cusp
Fix dentin pins
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Students’ assessment
By Oral and Written examination, periodic assessment through assignments, evaluation of the projects and
group tasks
The final marks obtained for the course will be decided by taking 50 % marks from second semester
and 50 % from 1st semester
Pre-Clinical Operative Dentistry (3 credit hours, 1 theory and 2 practical)
The following percentages (%) of the total grade will be assigned :
Theoretical part ………………………….…...35%
Practical part ...………… ………………….…65%
In-course ssessments………….…………...............................60%
o Midterm written examination ……..…10%
o Midterm practical examination ….…..10%
o Weekly practical work ……………..…30%
o Assessment and attitude …………..….5%
o Research …………………………….....2%
o Presentation …………………………...1%
o Quiz….. ……………………………..…...2%
Final examination ……………………………………………….40 %
o Final practical examination ….………..20%
o Final written examination ……………..20%
Weekly practical assignments:
First semester
Modified class I preparation
Restoration of modified class I preparation with composite
Modified class III cavity preparation
Modified class IV cavity preparation
Second semester
Restoration of class IV class V cavity with composite
Complex cavity preparation with partial cusp reduction
Complex cavity preparation with full cusp reduction
Restoration of complex cavity with pin retention
.
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Student expected needed study hours per week & student support
In addition to the teaching hours in the college, the student is expected to give
at least 1 hour daily to this subject for 5 days a week.
The students are encouraged to keep liaison with the tutor for any ambiguity
or any additional help required in understanding of the course.
Teaching and learning recourses
Class lectures
Phantom head exercises
Videos
Written assignment
Presentations
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TEXT BOOKS
1. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry 6th Edition BY Harold O
Heymann
2. Pickard's manual of operative dentistry, 9th edition BYG.Logan
3. Atlas of operative dentistry: preclinical and clinical proceduresBYJoseph R Evans, John H
Wetz, Roy A Wilko
4. Laboratory manual prepared by Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of
dentistry, Alzulfi
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Facilities required
Class room for lectures
Lap top for audiovisual support
Phantom head laboratory for practical sessions
Instruments for practical sessions
Materials for practical sessions
Course evaluation
Students’ feed back through questionnaire
Reviewing and assessingin the departmental meeting whether objectives of
the course were achieved; if not why?
Introducing new learning objectives keeping current research on the subject in
view
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