APE FACT SHEET
CARDIAC CONDITIONS
DEFINITION:
Cardiac conditions can include, but are not limited to valvular heart disease, high blood
pressure, congestive heart failure, pacemakers, angina, ischemia and myocardial infarction.
WARNING SIGNS:
*DECREASE or STOP activity if any of the following signs are observed:
Shortness of breath
• Dizziness
• Undue fatigue
Chest pain
• Bluish tint to lips/nail beds • Swelling of ankle
Poor recovery pulse rate following physical activity
Breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness
Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the
body (Taken verbatim from the American Heart Association)
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Conditions_UCM_305346_SubHomePa
ge.jsp
COMMONLY USED MEDICATIONS:
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Nitroglycerine
Cardizem
Quinidex
• Digoxin
• Procardia
• Coumadin
• Tenormin
• Norvasc
• Lasix
Anticoagulant medications also known as blood thinners:
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Dalteparin (Fragmin), Danaparoid (Orgaran) - Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Heparin (various) - Tinzaparin (Innohep) - Warfarin (Coumadin)
Care to avoid injury is advised for anyone using anticoagulants in that injury can result in
severe and rapid blood loss.
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HeartAttack/PreventionTreatmentofHear
tAttack/Cardiac-Medications_UCM_303937_Article.jsp
OBTAIN MEDICAL CLEARANCE FOR THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES:
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Competitive Sports
Vigorous sustained activity
Isometric exercises
• Anaerobic activities
• Static exercises (weight lifting)
• Hot pools (such as Jacuzzis)
SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES:
Updated 2012, Maldonado
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• Warm ups and cool downs
• Games with shorter periods of
Breathing exercises
Rhythmic activities
Flexibility exercises
aerobic work
Students with severe restrictions should participate in activities that are low in energy
expenditure including:
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Walking
Social dancing
• Bicycling
• Relaxation training
• Bowling
• Passive exercise
Students with moderate restrictions should participate in activities that are moderate in
energy expenditure including:
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Golf
Walking
Table tennis
Social dance
Relaxation techniques
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Bowling
Aerobic dance
Lead-up games
Flexibility exercises
• Volleyball
• Stationary cycling
• Archery
NOTE: For both severe and moderate restrictions, eliminate competition, reduce boundaries
or height of equipment and focus on relaxation and reconditioning exercises.
TEACHING TIPS:
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Utilize a team approach when writing the IEP.
IEP should be approved by the physician.
Program the student’s goals based on the functional level and interests of the student.
Monitor heart rate and blood pressure and teach self-monitoring of level of exertion.
Design an exercise program to fit the students needs based on results of stress testing.
Adjust the frequency, intensity, and time (duration) to fit the students needs and
exercise tolerance.
Increase frequency, intensity and time (duration) over an extended period of time.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.
Incorporate a well-rounded program of nutrition, exercise and health/fitness
education for the student.
Limit the level of stress the student experiences in the classroom.
Read medical records of each student with syndromes (i.e., down syndrome) that have
a high incidence of heart conditions as secondary disorders.
Know side effects of medication.
Information on this sheet contains only suggested guidelines. Each student must be
considered individually, and in many cases, a physician’s written consent should be
obtained.
Updated 2012, Maldonado