SMART BUILDINGS
WORKING GROUP
Participants
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T. Frank Wong, ATT
Lionel Ni, HK Univ of Science and Tech., Coordinator
Krishna Kant, NSF, GMU, Intel
Prashant Mohapatra, UC Davis
Li Erran Li, Bell Labs
Mohan Kumar, UT Arlington
Hui Xiong, Rutgers
K. R. Krishnan, Telcordia
Rajesh Gupta, UC San Diego, Coordinator
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US-CHINA SUSTAINABILITY, DIMACS, Rutgers
CHARGE
What are the problems?
Why US-China?
Methodology
• Directed discussion on dimensions of the problems (100%)
• Directed discussion on potential solutions ingredients (50%)
• Not covered: What will success look like?
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DISCUSSION
HIGHLIGHTS
Understanding the problem, terminology
• What, Who, Where
Technical challenges (CS/Engineering-centric)
Cross-cutting understanding of China-specificity
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UNDERSTANDING THE
PROBLEM: WHAT
What is “Smart Building”?
• Smart Building is beyond Green Building
• Smart = Smartness relates to extent of awareness & autonomy
• Sensing must be against a set of performative measures
• Smart = sensing, reasoning, actuation, emergency response
• Smart += understanding and capture of state
• (of building, usage, users, environment)
• Smartness metrics
• How well it can adapt? Is it autonomous?
• How controllable it is? Observability?
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THE PROBLEM:
WHO & WHERE
What is the role of user behavior? Group behavior?
• What is the level of user model needed? As thermodynamic
entities? As cognitive agents?
• Adversarial or competitive actions by the users? Spatio-temporal
behaviors. Security and privacy constraints and actions.
• Differentiate autonomous activities from those that need user
participation
• Devise appropriate feedback and incentives?
What is the extent of responsiveness to the environment?
• Considered well by “green-ness” of the building
• Where provides most responsiveness to US-China partnership:
greater planning and scope of optimizations in China (a la green
cities)
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SOLVING THE
PROBLEM
Devise taxonomy and terminology
• Taxonomy based on: structural aspects, functional aspects, level of
autonomy
• A geography defines a different mix of building types
• Commercial versus Residential; Residential: single versus multifamily
units
• Commercial: Gen. Office versus Functional (Hospital, Manufacturing)
What are the metrics for evaluation? Identify promising models and
benchmarks.
• What are the optimization objectives? Is a single multi-dimensional
metric possible?
• W/sq ft, lifetime operational cost, emitted carbon/occupant, sq ft,
• Water usage, Air flow measures
• Air quality measures to capture the propensity to spread/contain
disease
• Comfort measures; Occupancy measures?
• Instrumentation needed and maintained
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• Fragility: availability, operability in response to adverse conditions.
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QUESTIONS LEFT
TO BE PONDERED
In what way a building influences or mediates use of energy/water
resources?
What is the effect of building materials on sustainability?
What are the dimensions of sustainability vis-à-vis disaster
response? How do we evaluate operations/capabilities for disaster
response?
What is the role of geographical diversity in buildings research?
What is the effect of built environments?
What is the role of planning policy and societal expectations? How
US-China collaboration helps in solving some of these problems?
How differences in culture and policy affect optimization chosen?
Building in a cloud: role of cloud computing in buildings.
How do buildings affect their surroundings and the environment?
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