TOPICS FOR EXAMINATION IV - Biology 1406, CAMPBELL AND REESE 10e
KNOW AND UNDERSTAND ALL TOPICS AS A FUNCTION OF THE
CONCEPT CHECK HEADINGS IN YOUR TEXT!!
(Developed from those created by Dr. David Schwartz)
CHAPTER 14
What are genetic characters? What are genetic traits? What are alleles? What were
Mendel's conclusions from his pea plant experiments? KNOW HOW TO PERFORM
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF MONOHYBRID AND DIHYBRID CROSSES AND
HOW TO OBTAIN GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC RATIOS. What is a
testcross, and how is it performed? Know the characteristic ratios for testcrosses, and
certain common monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. Know how F1 and F2 generations
arise. Know how to derive the gametes produced by any individual phenotype. Know and
understand the concepts of incomplete dominance and codominance. Be able to recognize
instances of each in genetic problems, and be able to solve these problems.
CHAPTER 15
How may genes be linked? Know and understand sex linkage. Be able to recognize
instances of sex linkage in genetic problems, and be able to solve these problems. What
are genetic recombinants and how do they arise? How can recombination frequencies be
used to generate a chromosomal map? How must genes be spaced in order to give the
highest frequency of recombinants? Be able to perform genetic analysis for sex linked
inheritance problems. What are Barr bodies and where are they found? What is
nondisjunction and what effect does it have on the ploidy of gametes?
CHAPTER 16
Understand the scientific meaning of the word "inheritance". What did many think the
genetic material was at the start of the 20th century? What and how did Griffith and
Avery, McCarty & MacLeod discover about the transforming principle?
What was the Hershey & Chase experiment’s significance? Know and understand
Chargaff's Rule, and how it helped lead to the discovery of the structure of DNA. Know
the Watson/Crick model of DNA structure thoroughly and Meselson & Stahl? Why is
this structure so important? Know the components of which DNA is constructed
thoroughly. Know the purines and pyrimidines and how they base pair with each other.
What is the meaning of the term antiparallel? How does DNA replicate? What are the
significant differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic replication? Know and
understand the relationship of the leading strand, the lagging strand, and Okazaki
fragments. Know the names of all deoxyribonucleotide monomers. What are the names
and functions of the relevant replication enzymes? Given a DNA sequence, be able to
deduce the correct complementary DNA and RNA sequences, in their correct orientation.
What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? What is DNA
denaturation and what can cause it? What is the order of organization for packing of
DNA into a chromosome? What is a nucleosome? What is a looped domain? What is a
30 nm. chromatin fiber? What is heterochromatin? What is euchromatin? Which type of
chromatin is transcribed?
CHAPTER 17
Know the structure of RNA thoroughly. Know the evolutionary significance of the
common genetic code. What is a codon? What is an anticodon? What is mRNA, tRNA,
rRNA? How is RNA similar and different from DNA? How is the eukaryotic primary
transcript processed after synthesis in order to convert it to mature mRNA? What is an
intron? What is an exon? Where are they found? Know DNA to RNA base pairing rules.
What is a ribosome and what is its function? KNOW THE ROUTE FROM DNA TO
RNA TO PROTEIN THOROUGHLY!! KNOW THE PROCESS OF PROTEIN
SYNTHESIS THOROUGHLY!! What is transcription? Know the process of
transcription. What is translation? What is transformation? What are mutations? What is
the modern definition of a gene? Given an mRNA or tRNA sequence, be able to deduce
the correct complementary DNA and RNA sequences, in their correct orientation.