Green Manufacturing
Swati Rastogi
OISM 470w
February 19, 2001
Topics To Be Covered
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What is green manufacturing?
Terms to know
Goal
Nuts & bolts
How it works
Obstacles
Real world example
Critical thinking exercise
Summary
What Is Green
Manufacturing?
• Green manufacturing is a
method for manufacturing that
minimizes waste and pollution.
These goals are often achieved
through product and process
design.
Terms to Know
• Here are some terms to help you
better understand the idea of
green manufacturing:
• Product design – includes the
the definition of the product
architecture and the design,
production, and and testing of a
system for production.
Terms to Know (2 of 2)
• Three life cycle approaches to
product design:
• Design for reuse – refers to designing products
so that they can be used in later generations
of products.
• Design for disassembly – a method for
developing products so that they can be easily
taken apart.
• Design for remanufacture – a method for
developing products so that the parts can be
used in other products.
Goal of Green
Manufacturing
• The purpose is to support future
generations by attaining
sustainability by the means of
preserving natural resources.
Nuts & Bolts
• “Environmentally benign
manufacturing will become one
of industry’s greatest strategic
challenges, not only from an
engineering perspective, but
from a business and marketing
perspective as well.” (3)
Strategic Challenges
• Range of coordinated actions
• Trade and environment policies
(mutually supportive)
• Eliminating environmental harmful
subsidies
• Promoting the transfer of
technologies and financial resources
• Efficient operation of markets
• Achieving greater international
cooperation (4)
Obstacles
• Businesses have a responsibility
of influence
• Prices of raw material and
subsidized energy are essential
• Lack of availability and
information (4)
Obstacles (2 of 2)
• High-profile leadership
• Training programs need more
support
• Accessibility to loans from the
government
• National cleaner production
centers need to be established
(4)
How It Works
1) Rethink product and process
technology
2) Explore the market potential
3) Supply goods and services
4) Extend producer responsibility
(4)
How It Works (2 of 2)
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Reduce energy consumption
Integrate promotion
Incorporate goals
Promote development
Integrate environmental costs
(4)
Real World Example
• The need for fossil fuels has
lead to discoveries of different
methods of manufacturing that
replace renewable resources.
Real World Example
• Petroleum.
• Fossil fuel base for plastic.
• Can be replaced by plants.
» Corn can be fermented into
polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA).
» Final product is synthesized biologically
and completely biodegradable.
• Fast food and packaging industry use
polystyrene which has similar characteristics
as PHA.
Real World Example –
How It Works
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Corn is grown and harvested
Transported to manufacturing plant
Glucose extracted and fermented
Cells are washed and spun in
centrifuge twice
• Concentrated and dried into powder
Critical Thinking
Exercise
• “Do you think that this process
of turning corn or plants into
other fossil fuels will be
beneficial to the environment in
the future?” (3)
• Why or why not?
Researched Response
• More energy is consumed during
polymer production through plant
fermentation.
• Energy is required to produce
fertilizer, insecticide, and herbicides.
• Energy is also required in growing,
harvesting, and processing. (3)
Researched Response (2
of 3)
• Total energy for 1 lb. Of PHA s
equal to the utilization of 2.38 lbs of
fossil fuel resources
• Same amount of polystyrene using
chemical manufacturing needs only
2.26 lbs of oil
• 19 times more electricity, 22% more
steam, and seven times more water
(3)
Researched Response (3
of 3)
• 2.39 lbs would have to be burned to
make energy in fermentation
• 1.26 lbs would be burned in
chemical manufacturing
• Polluting effects are greater (3)
Predictions
• “Given adequate support, renewable
energy technologies can meet much of
the growing demand at prices lower than
those usually forecast for conventional
energy. By the middle of the 21st century,
renewable resources of energy could
account for 3/5 of the world’s electricity
market and 2/5 of the market for fuels
used directly. Moreover, making a
transition to renewable-intensive energy
economy would provide environmental
and other benefits not measure id
standard economic accounts”.(4)
Summary
• “Cleaner production is a preventive
strategy that aims at promoting the
use and the development of cleaner,
processes, products, and services”.
(4)
• “A key to more sustainable
development is long-term structural
changes in the way our economies
work”. (2)
Bibliography
1.
2.
3.
4.
“Foster, S. Thomas. Managing Quality: An
Integrative Approach. Upper Saddle River:
Prentice Hall, 2001.
“Green Manufacturing Can Be Worse For
Environment.” Unisci.com.
http://unisci.com/stories/19993/0824995.htm (24
Aug 1999).
Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.”
ManufacturingNews.com.
http://manufacturingnews.com/news/00/0915art1.ht
ml (15 Sept. 2000).
“Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and
Consumption.” Linkages.
http://www.iisd.ca/linkages/consume/oslo006.html.