Chapter 10 Section 2 Notes
Relations with Spain
At the time of the War of 1812, the ___________________ and _____________ were the only parts of
the Americas not under European control.
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____________ controlled more territory in the Americas than any other European country.
o However, their power had _______________________________________________.
Spain’s control was especially weak in _____________
o Spain could not ________________________________________________________.
 Once in Florida, many of the escapees joined the _______________________.
 The Seminoles often crossed into the U.S. to ___________________________.
o In 1817, the government sent _______________________________________________.
 Jackson _______________________________________.
 He also __________________________________________________________.
o Jackson’s attack on Florida showed
_________________________________________________________________.
 Since Spain could not protect Florida, it
_______________________________________.
 In the _________________________, Spain
________________________________________.
Spanish Colonies Win Independence
By 1810, opposition to Spanish rule ____________________________________________.
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
The American and French Revolutions had
__________________________________________________________.
Spain seemed ____________________________________________________________.
_____________ struggle for independence began in 1810.
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In that year, __________________________ organized an army of Native Americans that
___________________________________.
o In 1811, Hidalgo was _____________________________________________________.
Another revolution broke out in 1820.
o This time Spain was _____________________________________.
o In 1821, Spain __________________________________________.
_____________________ was also affected by revolutionary change.

The best known leader of the struggle for independence was __________________________.
o He is often known as _____________________ for his role in leading independence
movements in the northern part of South America.
o
o
In August 1819, he led an army from ________________ over the ice-capped
__________________ and into ____________________.
Bolivar defeated the Spanish and became president of the independent
_____________________________.
 It included today’s nations of ___________________, ___________________,
__________________, and _____________________.
Farther north, the people of _______________________ declared their independence from Spain in
1821.

Two years later they formed the ___________________________________________
o It included today’s nations of __________________, ____________________,
_____________________, ______________________, and ____________________.
In 1822, ______________ announced its independence from _________________.
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
Soon after, the United States
_________________________________________________________________________.
By 1825, most parts of Latin America had ______________________________________.
The Monroe Doctrine
Several European powers, including France and Russia, indicated that they might
______________________________________.
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This worried President _____________________ and Secretary of State
_________________________.
It also worried __________________________.
Both nations wanted to ______________________________________.
In 1823, Britain suggested that both nations issue a ____________________
o It would announce their determination to
_________________________________________________________.
Adams thought the United States should take action alone because a joint statement would
make the United States _____________________________________.
In a message to Congress in December 1823, the President stated what is known as
___________________________.
o The United States would not
_____________________________________________________________________.
o They U.S. would consider any attempt to do so as
__________________________________________________.
At the time, the United States was _______________________________________________.
o As U.S. power grew, the Monroe Doctrine
_______________________________________________________________.
Relations with Canada
Canada remained a ______________________ after the Revolution.


In 1791, the country was ______________________________________
o ______________________ was mainly English
o ______________________ was mainly French
In 1837 there were ________________________________________________________.
o Although the British ______________________________, they learned that they
__________________________________________.
 Britain would have to give Canadians more powers of
_________________________.
 Self-government:
_______________________________________________________.
 The Act of Union of 1841
___________________________________________________________.
o Britain still had _______________________________.
Tensions between the Unites States and Canada were especially high when the United States
_________________________________________________.
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The situation improved after the war. Between 1818 and 1846, the United States and Britain
__________________________________________________.
Eventually, the United States and Canada _________________________________ that remain
strong to this day.