Anatomy & Physiology 34B Lab Exam #3 Study Recommendations
Lab exam #3 will consist of questions to assess your understanding of information from Labs 36
(Respiratory Anatomy), 37A & 37B (Respiratory Physiology), and 38 (Digestive Anatomy).
The exam will be mainly fill-ins and short answer questions. Be sure to refer to the lab manual
explanations in each lab and the Review Sheets assigned for homework as you prepare for the
exam. A review of the lecture notes that pertain to these exercises would be helpful. Also, be
able to apply the information learned to real life situations.
Lab 36 – Respiratory System Anatomy
- Identify respiratory structures listed in the Lab 36 handout on a dissected cat and lab models,
such as the half head, torso, larynx, heart & lung.
- Identify tissues and structures on microscope slides of the lung and trachea.
Labs 37A & 37B – Respiratory Physiology
- Explain what is meant by tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume,
residual volume, vital capacity, total lung capacity, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory
volume, and know the normal values for each, as well as the formulas to calculate each.
- What instrument is used to measure the above respiratory volumes?
- What are bronchial sounds and vesicular breathing? At what region of the chest can respiratory
sounds best be heard with a stethoscope? What are rales and wheezing, and what do they
indicate?
- Be able to calculate residual volume when given the vital capacity and age factor.
- Calculate a predicted vital capacity when given the formula and a person’s height and age.
Why is it useful to compare the predicted vital capacity with a person’s actual vital capacity?
- Be able to read a spirogram and determine the TV, IRV, ERV, and VC.
- Explain how the chemical reaction H2O + CO2 ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3- in the blood is
affected during hyperventilation and hypoventilation.
- What is a buffer?
- What is the importance of the pleural membranes that surround the lungs? What is surfactant,
and why is it necessary in the lungs?
- What is the relationship between volume and pressure in lung inflation (inspiration) and
deflation (expiration)? What muscles are involved in each?
Lab 38 – Digestive System Anatomy
- Identify digestive structures listed in the Lab 38 handout on a dissected cat and lab models,
such as the half head, jaw, tooth, liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and
torso.
- Identify tissues and structures on microscope slides of the stomach, small intestine, liver, and
pancreas.