Chapter 11
I. Review - Cases
Nominative: subject - person
or thing that performs the
action of the verb
The goddess talks to the woman.
Accusative: direct object receives the action of the verb
directly or object of a
preposition
The god loves the nymph.
Ablative: object of a preposition
The tree is in the forest.
Genitive case
the of or possessive case
The term possessive means that
one noun, i.e., the possessor owns
or possesses another noun, i.e.,
the possessed.
In English you can show
possession in one of two ways:
1.
with an apostrophe
the teacher’s book
the girls’ father
2. with the word “of” followed
by the possessor noun
the book of the teacher
the father of the girls
In the class of Mrs. Duello we
will always use of . . .
there is no Latin word for "of" in this sense
In Latin possession is shown by
using the genitive case.
liber magistri - the book of the teacher
pater puellarum - the father of the girls
st
1
nom:
gen:
dat:
acc:
abl:
Declension Nouns
singular
-a
-ae
-ae
-am
-ā
plural
-ae
-arum
-is
-as
-is
nd
2
nom:
gen:
dat:
acc:
abl:
Declension Nouns
singular
plural
-us
-i
-o
-um
-o
-i
-orum
-is
-os
-is
3rd Declension Nouns
nom:
gen:
dat:
acc:
abl:
singular
s-n-l-r-o-x
-is
-i
-em
-e
plural
-es
-um
-ibus
-es
-ibus
In future vocabulary lists, the book
will list the nominative and genitive
along with the gender.
puella,-ae, f. girl
servus, -i, m. slave
vox, vocis, f. voice
The genitive singular indicates
the declension to which the
noun belongs:
-ae = 1st declension
-i = 2nd declension
-is = 3rd declension
The base of the noun is found by
dropping the genitive singular
ending
puellae
puell-
servi
serv-
vocis
voc-
Activity 3: Decline the following nouns
Latin singular
English singular
nom:
gen:
dat:
acc:
abl:
area, areae - stem arevilicus, vilici - stem vilicpater, patris - stem patri-
Latin plural
English plural
Activity 4: Fill in the blanks with Latin words to match the English cues.
1.
Geta ________ non timent. (the master)
2.
_______ dominus abest, servi saepe non
laborant. (When)
3.
Geta __________ vult. (to run away)
4.
Nemo eum ______________. (hinders)
5.
Geta ___________ parat. (food)
6.
_______ __________ e villā furtim
ambulat. (That night)
7.
________________ nox est, servus
celeriter currit. (Although)
8.
Servus _________ clamat ________
mussat. (neither . . . nor)
9.
Geta in silvam ___________ arborum
currit. (full)
10.
In arbore ____ _________. (hides himself)
Activity 5 - Translate the 10 sentences from 11b in your text on p.
82 using the family chart.
1.
Marcus est frater Corneliae.
2.
Cornelia est soror Marci.
3.
Cornelius est vir Aureliae.
4.
Aurelia est uxor Cornelii.
5.
Marcus est filius Cornelii et Aureliae.
6.
Cornelia est filia Cornelii et Aureliae.
7.
Cornelius et Aurelia sunt parentes Marci
et Corneliae.
8.
Marcus et Cornelia sunt liberi Cornelii et
Aureliae.
9.
Aurelia est mater Marci et Corneliae.
10.
Cornelius est pater Marci et Corneliae.
How do you tell the
difference between all
the-ae and -i endings?
1.
look at other words in the
sentence
2. what makes sense
3. placement in the sentence
Celeriter redeunt servi.
The genitive usually forms a phrase with
another noun.
Since servi is the only noun in the
sentence, it must be nominative plural.
The slaves return quickly.
Activity 6 – Identify the declension of the bold noun and supply the
genitive end translate the sentence.
1.
Liberi sunt in raedā senator_____ .
declension: _______
2.
Marcus est frater Corneli_____.
declension: _______
3.
Nuntius filium Corneli_____ salutat.
declension: _______
4.
Servi iram vilic_____ timent.
declension: _______
5.
Geta effugit et in ramis arbor_____ se
celat.
declension: _______
6.
Magna vox Dav_____ eum terret.
declension: _______
7.
Davus, vilicus Corneli_____, Getam vidēre
non potest.
declension: _______
8.
Si Cornelius abest, Davus villam
domin_____ curat.
declension: _______
Pueri pater est senator Romanus.
The word pueri could be genitive singular or
nominative plural. It is only when we reach the
word pater (which can only be nominative
singular) and est (which is a singular verb) that
we know that pueri must be genitive singular,
forming a phrase with pater, i.e., "the father of
the boy."
The father of the boy is a Roman
senator.
In villā puellae sedent.
Again, puellae could be genitive singular or
nominative plural. Only the context will help
you decide.
The girls sit in the house.
They sit in the house of the girl.
How do you tell the difference
between all the-ae and -i
endings?
1.
2.
look at other words in the
sentence
what makes sense
3.
placement in the sentence
Activity 7- Explain the clues that make you decide whether the nouns
in boldface are genitive singular or nominative plural, then tra
1.
Puellae sunt defessae.
clue: ____________________________
2.
In agris pueri ambulant.
clue: ___________________________
3.
Puellae et matres in villā sedent.
clue: ___________________________
4.
Pueri epistulas scribunt.
clue: ___________________________
5.
Pater Marci in villā sedet.
clue: ___________________________
6.
Pater vocem puellae audit.
clue: ___________________________
7.
Pueri vocem Marci audiunt.
clue: ___________________________
8.
Fratres pueri sunt in horto.
clue: ___________________________
9.
Servi in agris filium domini petunt.
clue: ___________________________