United Kingdom
 The U.K. is made up of England,
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Scotland, Wales, and Northern
Ireland.
The U.K. has a Constitutional
Monarchy that has a king or
queen with limited power.
The law-making body is
Parliament.
The Magna Carta was the first
document to limit the power of
the king.
The U.K. is a world leader in
trade and part of the EU.
France
 The official language is French.
 Ideas from some French
philosophers helped shape the
U.S. constitution.
 France is known for the arts,
innovative architecture, fashion,
and fine food.
 Most people in France are
Roman Catholic or Protestant,
while some are Muslims.
 France has many immigrants
from North Africa.
Big Ben clock tower
London Bridge
Big Ben
Church in England
Eiffel Tower in Paris
Notre Dame Cathedral
Arc de Triumph
Italy
 The headquarters of the Roman Catholic church is the
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Vatican City and surrounded by Italy.
The Vatican City is the smallest country in the world,
just outside Rome, Italy.
St. Peter’s Basilica and the Sistine Chapel contain
many famous statues and paintings.
Most people speak Italian and are Roman Catholic.
Italy has a very warm, Mediterranean climate.
Northern Italy
Southern Italy
 Northern Italy is much more
 Southern Italy mostly relies
developed than southern
Italy.
 Northern Italy has large
manufacturing, large rivers,
abundant minerals, and great
wealth.
 Northern Italy has buildings
over 400 years old and new
modern buildings.
on farming.
 There are fertile areas along
the coast, which receive more
rainfall.
 Farming can be difficult
inland.
 Southern Italy is very
traditional in culture.
The Colosseum
Vatican City
Italy
St. Peter’s Basilica
Leaning Tower of Pisa
Germany
 Germany has been the cause of World Wars I and II.
 In World War II, Hitler blamed Germany’s economic problems
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on the Jews.
Hitler killed millions of Jews which is know as the Holocaust.
After World War II, Germany was divided between a free West
Germany and a communist East Germany controlled by Russia.
The capital was divided as well into West Berlin and East Berlin.
West Germany was more developed than East Germany.
Germany was the front line in the Cold War because of the Berlin
Wall.
Germany was reunited in 1989 and the capital is Berlin.
Most developed economy.
Berlin Wall
Fall of the Berlin Wall
Castle in Munich, Germany
Brandenburg Gate
An aqueduct in Spain
Plaza de Espana
Bullfighting
Barcelona, Spain
Review Questions
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Name the 4 regions of the U.K.
What type of government does the U.K. have?
Name 3 things France is known for today?
Name the smallest country in the world, which is the
head of the Roman Catholic Church.
How is life different in Northern Italy compared to
Southern Italy?
What separated the people of Berlin until 1989?
How were the governments of Germany different during
the Cold War?
Who controlled East Germany during the Cold War?