COLD WAR PART ONE
1. SEND US HOME, TRUMAN WANTED TO KEEP US TROOPS BASED AROUND
THE GLOBE AFTER THE WAR BUT PUBLIC PRESSURE FORCED HIM TO
BRING THE BOYS HOME
2. DEMOBILIZATION, REDUCTION IN THE SIZE OF THE US ARMED FORCES
AFTER THE WAR FROM 12 TO 3 MILLION
3. IRAN CRISIS, USSR REFUSED TO WITHDRAW ITS TROOPS FOR OIL RICH
IRAN AFTER WW II, US ENCOURAGED THEM TO LEAVE AND PROMISED
THEM OIL DRILLING RIGHTS BUT LATER BACKED IRAN IN REFUSING
THIS, USSR BECAME SUSPICIOUS OF US
4. COLD WAR, NOT A SHOOTING OR "HOT" WAR, BUT A BATTLE OF
DIPLOMACY, PROPAGANDA AND NERVES AND THREATS OF WAR
5. STALIN, RUTHLESS COMMUNIST DICTATOR OF USSR WHO MURDERED
MILLIONS OF HIS OWN PEOPLE AND WAS THE ENEMY OF HUMAN FREEDOM
6. YALTA CONFERENCE, WARTIME 1945, MEETING BETWEEN, STALIN,
CHURCHILL (ENGLAND) AND FDR. STALIN PROMISED TO ALLOW FREE
ELECTIONS IN EASTERN EUROPE WHICH SOVIET ARMIES NOW OCCUPIED,
HE LIED
7. CONTAINMENT, US POLICY DESIGNED TO HALT SOVIET EXPANSIONISM
(TAKING OVER LANDS) WITH FORCE IF NECESSARY, UNTIL THE USSR
BECAME FRIENDLIER
8. GEORGE KENNAN, STATE DEPARTMENT EXPERT WHO THOUGHT UP THE
CONTAINMENT POLICY
9. BALTIC NATIONS, ESTONIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA WERE ANNEXED
(MADE PART OF) THE USSR AFTER THE WAR AGAINST THEIR WILL
10.
EASTERN EUROPE, POLAND, HUNGARY, ROMANIA, BULGARIA,
EAST GERMANY, CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND ALBANIA-STALIN SET UP
COMMUNIST GOVERNMENT AND TOOK AWAY ALL FREEDOMS FROM THE
PEOPLE THERE. SOVIET ARMIES HAD OCCUPIED THE COUNTRIES AFTER
THE WAR
11.
SATELLITES, EAST EUROPE 1945-1989, NATIONS THAT WERE
OFFICIALLY INDEPENDENT BUT CONTROLLED BY A FOREIGN POWER
(USSR) ALSO CALLED “PUPPET” STATES
12.
IRON
CURTAIN,
FORMER
UK
PRIME
MINISTER
WINSTON
CHURCHILL'S TERM FOR THE USSR TAKING OVER EASTERN EUROPE AND
CUTTING IT OFF FROM THE WEST (U.S. AND ITS ALLIES) AND TRYING
TO EXPAND TO OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD
13.
APPEASEMENT,
PREWWII
POLICY
THAT
TRIED
USING
DIPLOMACY TO STOP HITLER'S AGGRESSION, IT FAILED AND THE U.S.
WOULD NOT USE IT WHEN DEALING WITH THE USSR
14.
GREECE AND TURKEY, 1947, FIRST AREAS WHERE THE POLICY
OF CONTAINMENT WAS USED TO STOP COMMUNIST EXPANSION
15.
TRUMAN DOCTRINE, U.S. WOULD ASSIST NATIONS FIGHTING
COMMUNISM WITH MONEY AND TROOPS
16.
MARSHALL PLAN, SECRETARY OF STATE GEORGE MARSHALL'S
PLAN. THE U.S. BEGAN A PROGRAM OF MASSIVE ECONOMIC AID TO
EUROPE. WE SENT $12 BILLION TO 16 WEST EUROPEAN NATIONS TO
BUILD UP THEIR WAR DESTROYED ECONOMIES.
IT WAS A GREAT
SUCCESS AS WESTERN EUROPE GREW STRONGER AND IT HELPED
INCREASE U.S. TRADE
17.
BERLIN BLOCKADE 1948, USSR BLOCKED ALL LAND ROUTES INTO
WEST BERLIN WHICH WAS DEEP IN SOVIET TERRITORY.
THEY DID
THIS TO FORCE THE WEST (U.S. AND ITS ALLIES) TO GET OUT OF
THE 1/2 OF THE CITY THEY OCCUPIED (WEST BERLIN)
18.
WEST, TERM FOR THE UNITED STATES AND ITS ALLIES VS. THE
EAST WHICH IS THE USSR AND ITS ALLIES
19.
BERLIN AIRLIFT, 1948-1949, TRUMAN ORDERED WEST BERLIN
SUPPLIED BY AIR. HE WARNED STALIN IF ONE U.S. SUPPLY PLANE
WAS SHOT DOWN IT WOULD MEAN WAR. THE AIRLIFT LASTED A YEAR
UNTIL THE RUSSIANS GAVE UP AND REOPENED THE LAND ROUTES
20.
NATO, NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION, MILITARY
ALLIANCE BETWEEN U.S. AND IT ALLIES AGAINST THE USSR, IT WAS
THE FIRST PEACE TIME US ALLIANCE
21.
WARSAW PACT, USSR AND ITS ALLIES, MILITARY PACT AGAINST
NATO, IT WAS DISBANDED IN 1990 WITH THE END OF THE COLD WAR
22.
RED CHINA, COMMUNIST REVOLUTION(CIVIL WAR)TOOK OVER
CHINA IN 1949 AND TURNED IT INTO A COMMUNIST NATION
23.
CHIANG KAI-SHEK, CORRUPT NATIONALIST LEADER OF CHINA
WHO LOST THE CIVIL WAR AND FLED WITH HIS ARMY TO TAIWAN
(FORMOSA)WHERE HE SET UP A NEW CHINESE GOVERNMENT WHICH THE
US RECOGNIZED AS THE REAL CHINESE GOVERNMENT
24.
MAO ZEDONG, COMMUNIST REVOLUTIONARY WHO BECAME DICTATOR
OF CHINA IN 1949 AFTER A LONG, BLOODY CIVIL WAR
25.
"LOSING CHINA", TRUMAN WAS ATTACKED FOR NOT STOPPING
THE RED TAKEOVER (IN REALITY THERE WAS LITTLE HE COULD DO),
WHICH CONVINCED MANY AMERICANS THAT THERE WAS A COMMUNIST
CONSPIRACY TO TAKE OVER THE WORLD
26.
FEAR OF COMMUNISM, 1947-1954, LIKE THE RED (COMMUNISM)
SCARE OF 1919-1920, FEAR OF COMMUNIST SUBVERSION LED TO
MISTRUST AND SUSPICION WITH PEOPLES LIVES BEING RUINED
27.
HUAC, HOUSE UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES COMMITTEE, A HOUSE
OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE THAT INVESTIGATED ALLEGED RED
INFILTRATION OF HOLLYWOOD MOVIE MAKING, 1947, TO SEE IF
COMMUNIST PROPAGANDA WAS BEING PUT IN MOVIES
28.
BLACKLIST, WHEN WITNESSES REFUSED TO ANSWER HUAC
QUESTIONS ON CONSTITUTIONAL GROUNDS THEY WERE FIRED FROM
THEIR JOBS AND THEIR NAMES PUT ON LISTS WHICH WERE SENT TO
ALL EMPLOYERS SO NO ONE WOULD HIRE THEM
29.
ALGER HISS, STATE DEPT OFFICIAL WHO WAS ACCUSED OF
BEING A COMMUNIST SPY BY A YOUNG CONGRESSMEN, RICHARD NIXON
(CA) WHO BECAME WELL KNOWN AS A RESULT
30.
PERJURY, LYING UNDER OATH
31.
ROSENBERGS, COUPLE WHO WERE PUT TO DEATH IN 1953 FOR
GIVING ATOMIC SECRETS TO THE USSR (SPIES)
32.
MCCARTHYISM, NAME FOR SENATOR JOE MCCARTHY'S “WITCHHUNT”, HE TRIED TO ADVANCE HIS POLITICAL CAREER BY MAKING
UNPROVEN ACCUSATIONS OF DISLOYALTY, IN ALL HIS INVESTIGATIONS
HE NEVER UNCOVERED ONE COMMUNIST, TOOK PLACE IN THE EARLY
1950'S
33.
KOREA, NATION CONTROLLED BY JAPAN UNTIL 1945 WHEN IT
WAS DIVIDED INTO A COMMUNIST NORTH AND INDEPENDENT SOUTH
ALONG THE 38TH PARALLEL
34.
KOREAN WAR, IN JUNE OF 1951 NORTH KOREAN COMMUNIST
TROOPS INVADED SOUTH KOREA AND DEFEATED THEIR ARMIES, U.S.
SENT TROOPS UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS, DEFEATED THE NORTH
KOREANS AND TOOK OVER MUCH OF NORTH KOREA
35.
CHINESE INTERVENTION, END OF 1950, CHINA ENTERED THE
KOREAN WAR AND DROVE THE AMERICAN (UN) ARMIES BACK SOUTH OF
THE 38TH PARALLEL
36.
LIMITED WAR, TRUMAN'S CONCEPT OF FIGHTING THE KOREAN
WAR, WITH LIMITED OBJECTIVES, NOT FIGHTING A WAR TO TOTAL
VICTORY AS IN WWI AND WW II
37.
FIRING OF MACARTHUR, U.S. COMMANDING GENERAL IN KOREA,
HE GOT INTO A DISPUTE WITH TRUMAN ON HOW THE WAR SHOULD BE
WON, HE BELIEVED WE SHOULD INVADE CHINA, USE THE A-BOMB AND
FIGHT FOR TOTAL VICTORY, TRUMAN FIRED HIM.
MANY PEOPLE IN
THE U.S. AGREED WITH MACARTHUR
38.
PANMUNJOM, PLACE WHERE A CEASEFIRE WAS SIGNED ON JULY
27, 1953 ENDING THE KOREAN WAR, ENDED IN A TIE OR STALEMATE
NOTHING CHANGED
End for part one