18303
28-Jun-16
1 of 17
SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
level:
7
credit:
15
planned review date:
April 2005
sub-field:
Social Services
purpose:
People credited with this unit standard are able to: establish
a relationship and environment in which to provide
counselling and intervention with a perpetrator of abuse,
neglect, or violence; use intervention and counselling skills to
assist a perpetrator to identify and commit to goals for the
intervention; use intervention and counselling skills to assist
a perpetrator to develop and commit to a plan to achieve the
identified goals for the intervention; use intervention and
counselling skills to assist a perpetrator to implement the
plan to achieve the identified goals for the intervention; and
effect resolution of the goals for intervention with a
perpetrator of abuse, neglect, or violence.
entry information:
Prerequisites: Unit 18291, Demonstrate knowledge for social
service work with abuse, neglect, and violence; Unit 18293,
Analyse the impact of abuse, neglect, and violence on
human development; Unit 18297, Undertake assessments in
situations of abuse, neglect, or violence; and National
Diploma in Iwi/Maori Social Services (Level 6) [Ref: 0667], or
National Diploma in Social Services with Strands in
Community Work, Counselling and Social Work (Level 6)
[Ref: 0251] [only the strands in counselling or social work], or
an equivalent professional social services qualification from
outside the National Qualification Framework; or
demonstrate equivalent knowledge and skills.
accreditation option:
Evaluation of documentation and visit by NZQA, industry and
teaching professional in the same field from another
provider.
moderation option:
A centrally established and directed national moderation
system has been set up by Community Support Services
ITO Limited (Careerforce).
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
special notes:
1
People awarded credit in this unit standard are able to
implement Te Tiriti o Waitangi in the social services
according to the authority and resources available to
them, and are able to demonstrate application of this
competence to the context of assessment for this unit
standard (for further clarification, please refer to Unit
7928, Implement the Treaty of Waitangi in the social
services).
2
People awarded credit in this unit standard
demonstrate competence in working with perpetrators
of either physical abuse, neglect, or violence; or sexual
abuse or violence.
3
Glossary
Person is used in this unit standard to refer to a
perpetrator of abuse, neglect, or violence.
Abuse, neglect, and violence includes abusive,
neglectful, violent, or controlling behaviour that may be
economic, emotional, physical, social, verbal, spiritual,
and/or sexual in nature. It also includes role abuse,
which means the abuse of power by an individual or
agency that has a professional, service, or statusbased role in relation to survivors.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
18303
28-Jun-16
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
Goals include goals prescribed by the service provider;
goals set by the person's family or whānau;
perpetrator's own goals where they are consistent with
the other goals; goals prescribed by any Court order.
As a minimum, goals for the intervention include:
stopping abusive or violent behaviour; and living a nonabusive lifestyle.
Commit to change means the adoption by the
perpetrator of a commitment to achieve goals for the
intervention.
An intervention plan (that) is focused on stopping the
person's abusive or violent behaviour and adopting a
non-abusive lifestyle includes elements that enable
perpetrators to: understand how they construct their
abusive or violent behaviour; understand the impact of
their abusive or violent behaviour on others; identify
factors in their future non-abusive lifestyle; identify who
they need to inform about their abusive or violent
behaviour; identify how they will address the needs of
people affected by their abusive or violent behaviour.
Other professionals may include, but are not limited to,
care and protection resource people, legal advisers,
health advisers, other specialist assessors or advisers,
as relevant to the context of assessment.
Characteristics and needs may be physical, spiritual,
cultural, and mental. Characteristics and needs include
age and stage of development; coping strategies;
family or whānau system and dynamics; culture;
disability; experience and knowledge; family or whānau
history; gender; health status; personal history;
language; psycho-social situation and systems; sexual
orientation;
socio-economic
situation;
religious
adherence; and needs for physical comfort, safety, and
privacy of participants.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
18303
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
Presenting issues may include but are not limited to:
offending, advice, health care, information, protection,
referral, shelter, cultural needs, emotional support,
financial support, material support, signs of crisis or
distress.
Signs of crisis or distress may include but are not
limited to: signs of risk; indicators of disturbed
behaviour; disorders of physical or mental health;
personal withdrawal and disassociation; family
ostracism; poverty; homelessness; relationship crises
or difficulties; suicidal behaviour; substance abuse;
violence; gambling addiction.
Available resources may include but are not limited to
resources available to the participant from: the social
service worker; the social service provider; Iwi/Maori
social services; Pacific Island social services; other
social services; community groups; the participant's
family or whānau; church; the participant's own
resources.
Counselling in the context of this unit standard involves
the use of generic counselling and intervention skills
within a purposeful interpersonal relationship.
Counselling and intervention skills may be implemented
within a variety of theoretical models and practice
frameworks.
Social service worker is used as a term to refer to the
person seeking award of credit in this unit standard.
Social service worker may include but are not limited to:
community workers, counsellors, kaiāwhina, social
workers, kaitautoko, youth workers, and others who
deliver social services, whether paid or unpaid.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
4
People awarded credit in this unit standard are able to
demonstrate and self monitor their ability to relate to
difference, as evidenced by acknowledgment and
respect for difference, acceptance, genuineness,
honesty, humility, patience, and warmth. They use
inclusive language, and select and implement
intervention methods that are appropriate to the
characteristics and needs of the perpetrator and other
participant(s). They seek to establish and maintain
rapport; positive feedback is responded to; criticism or
negative feedback is responded to without
defensiveness; and changes required to re-establish
rapport are acted upon. They demonstrate the ability to
constructively confront perpetrators on issues such as
their responsibility and choice for offending, and
motivate perpetrators to change to adopt a non-abusive
lifestyle. They demonstrate and communicate clarity
about their role in the social services within all
relationships.
They know the boundaries and
limitations of their role, function, and competence, and
when to refer on to others.
5
People awarded credit in this unit standard work
according to codes of ethics that are relevant to the
context for assessment. Relevant codes of ethics may include but are not limited to: code of ethics of a
professional association in the social services, code of
ethics of Australian and New Zealand Association for
Treatment of Sexual Abusers.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
6
All communications are treated confidentially, except
where there is an ethical, legal, or organisational duty
on the social service worker to report abuse, neglect, or
violence.
Perpetrators
are
offered
limited
confidentiality. They are informed of the scope and
limits of confidentiality, which are defined according to
criteria established by legislation, ethical practice, and
service provider guidelines. In the context of this unit
standard, sources of criteria established by legislation,
ethical practice, and service provider guidelines
include, but are not limited to: the Children, Young
Persons and Their Families Act 1989, Domestic
Violence Act 1995 Section 43, Health Act 1956
Sections 22B and 22C, Official Information Act 1982,
Privacy Act 1993, agency codes of conduct, codes of
practice issued by the Privacy Commissioner, social
service codes of ethics, and service provider
guidelines, protocols, staff manuals, strategic plans,
kawa or tikanga.
7
Statutes relevant to this unit standard are the Children,
Young Persons and Their Families Act 1989, Domestic
Violence Act 1995, Domestic Violence (Programmes)
Regulations 1996, Guardianship Act 1968, Health Act
1956 Sections 22B and 22C, Official Information Act
1982, Privacy Act 1993. People awarded this unit
standard demonstrate knowledge of the provisions of
these statutes and criteria relating to the reporting of
abuse, neglect, and violence, and care and protection
measures, according to their relevance to the
assessment context.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
18303
28-Jun-16
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
8
Resources related to abuse and neglect of children and
young persons may include but are not limited to:
a
Children, Young Persons and Their Families
Service.
1998.
Breaking the cycle: an
interagency guide to child abuse. Wellington:
Children, Young Persons and Their Families
Service.
b
Risk Management Project, Children, Young
Persons and Their Families Service.
1997.
Recognition of child abuse and neglect: Tirohanga
tukino tamariki.
Wellington: Children, Young
Persons and Their Families Service.
9
Resources related to the Domestic Violence Act 1995
and Domestic Violence (Programmes) Regulations
1996:
a
Department for Courts. July 1999. Individual
provider guidelines: for individuals wishing to
provide domestic violence programmes for adult
protected persons. Wellington: Department for
Courts.
b
Department for Courts. July 1999. Individual
provider guidelines: for individuals wishing to
provide domestic violence programmes for
children. Wellington: Department for Courts.
c
Department for Courts. July 1999. Individual
provider guidelines: for individuals wishing to
provide domestic violence programmes for
respondents. Wellington: Department for Courts.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
18303
28-Jun-16
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
10
Resources related to elder abuse and neglect may
include but are not limited to:
a
Age Concern New Zealand. 1992. Promoting the
rights and well-being of older people and those
who care for them: a resource kit about elder
abuse and neglect. Wellington: Age Concern
New Zealand.
b
Age Concern New Zealand. 1999. Age Concern
elder abuse and neglect services: A report of
statistics and service developments covering the
three years from July 1996 to June 1999.
Wellington: Age Concern New Zealand.
c
Age Concern New Zealand. 1999 (2nd Ed).
Elder abuse and neglect: a handbook for those
working with older people.
Wellington: Age
Concern New Zealand.
11
Resources related to working with perpetrators of
abuse, neglect, and violence (other than sexual abuse
and violence) may include but are not limited to:
a
b
c
Cullen, Murray; and Freeman-Longo, Robert E.
1996.
Men and anger: understanding and
managing your anger for a much better life.
Brandon, VT: Safer Society Press.
Iles, Colin. 1996. Out of control: stories of men
who are leaving violence and partner abuse
behind. Wellington: Pacific Education Resources
Trust.
Jenkins, Alan. 1990. Invitations to responsibility:
the therapeutic engagement of men who are
violent and abusive. Adelaide: Dulwich Centre
Publications.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
d
e
f
12
McMaster, Ken. 1998. Feeling angry, playing
fair: a guide to change. Auckland: Reed.
Pence, Ellen; and Paymar, Michael. (undated).
Power and control: tactics of men who batter: an
educational curriculum. Duluth, Minnesota, USA:
Minnesota Program Development Inc.
Copies from Minnesota Program Development,
202 East Superior Street, Duluth, MN 55802,
USA. Web site: http://www.duluth-model.org.
Shapcott, David. 1988. The face of the rapist.
Auckland: Penguin Books.
Resources related to working with perpetrators of
sexual abuse and violence may include but are not
limited to the above, and:
a
Blanchard, Geral T.
1995.
The difficult
connection: the therapeutic relationship in sex
offender treatment. Brandon VT: Safer Society
Press.
b
Finkelhor, D. 1984. Child sex abuse: new theory
and research. New York: Free Press.
c
MacDonald, Kathy; Lambie, Ian; and Simmonds,
Les. 1995. Counselling for sexual abuse: a
therapist's guide to working with adults, children,
and families. Auckland: Oxford University Press.
d
Maletzky, B.M.; and McGovern Kevin B. 1991.
Treating the sexual offender. Newbury Park, CA:
Sage Publications.
e
Marshall, W.L.; Laws, D. R.; and Barbaree, H.E.
Eds. 1989. Handbook of sexual assault: issues,
theories, and treatment of the offender. New
York: Plenum Press.
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
f
g
Ryan, Gail D.; and Lane, Sandy L. Eds. 1997.
New and rev.ed.
Juvenile sexual offending:
causes, consequences, and correction.
San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Salter, Anna C.
1988.
Treating child sex
offenders and victims: a practical guide. Newbury
Park, CA: Sage Publications.
13
It is a principle of safe practice in working with abuse,
neglect, and violence that social service workers at all
levels of competence participate in professional
supervision (sometimes referred to as clinical
supervision).
People awarded credit in this unit
standard demonstrate consistent use of professional
supervision as part of safe practice.
14
All actions by the social service worker are based upon
a valid framework for social service practice with abuse,
neglect, and violence. Evidence is required of a
practice framework that is based upon authoritative
sources, which may include but are not limited to: body
of knowledge related to social service work with abuse,
neglect, and violence; cultural theory; practice
research.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
18303
28-Jun-16
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
15
In carrying out all elements of this unit standard,
actions are documented according to enterprise
standards. Enterprise standards include but are not
limited to: service provider strategic plans, kaupapa,
governing legislation, staff manuals, service provider
protocols.
Elements and Performance Criteria
element 1
Establish a relationship and environment in which to provide counselling and intervention
with a perpetrator of abuse, neglect, or violence.
performance criteria
1.1
Establishment creates an environment that attends to the cultural status,
protocols, and characteristics and needs of the person.
1.2
Establishment clarifies relevant issues for counselling and intervention.
Range:
relevant issues for counselling and intervention - the social service
worker's role, function, and any legal responsibilities; the service
provider's role, function, and any legal responsibilities; rights of
people whose life or safety is affected by abuse, neglect, or
violence; limits to the relationship with the social service worker;
limits to counselling and intervention; complaint mechanisms.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
1.3
Kawa or protocols for counselling and intervention are defined according to
enterprise standards for working with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence.
1.4
Kawa or protocols for counselling and intervention are established in respectful
ways and sustained with the person.
1.5
The person is engaged in counselling and intervention according to her/his
cultural status, protocols, and characteristics and needs.
1.6
Closure expectations and processes are negotiated and agreed with the
person.
element 2
Use intervention and counselling skills to assist a perpetrator to identify and commit to
goals for counselling and intervention.
performance criteria
2.1
The process to be used to identify and commit to goals for counselling and
intervention is established according to consultation with the person and the
requirements of the service provider.
2.2
Intervention and counselling skills identify the person's characteristics and
needs, presenting issues, and goals for the intervention.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
2.3
Intervention and counselling skills include interpersonal skills and language that
respond to verbal and non-verbal communications including body language.
Range:
interpersonal skills may include but are not limited to - use of
voice tone, pitch, volume, and speed; use of silence; active
listening; clarifying, describing, encouraging, following, listening,
paraphrasing, and summarising; reflection of feelings and content;
respect, acceptance, and tolerance; body language.
2.4
Intervention and counselling skills focus on assisting the person to describe
her/his abusive or violent behaviour.
2.5
Intervention and counselling skills focus on assisting the person to identify and
commit to achievable goals for the intervention according to relevant criteria.
Range:
2.6
relevant criteria - goals are consistent with changing the person's
abusive or violent behaviour; goals are consistent with the
person's coping abilities, knowledge, resources, skills, and values;
goals are measurable; goals are consistent with the service
provider's goals, concerns, and requirements.
Intervention and counselling skills focus on assisting the person to identify
connections between the identified goals for the intervention and their social
and cultural context.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
element 3
Use intervention and counselling skills to assist a perpetrator to develop and commit to a
plan to achieve the identified goals for the intervention.
performance criteria
3.1
Intervention and counselling skills focus on assisting the person to develop and
commit to a counselling and intervention plan according to relevant criteria.
Range:
3.2
relevant criteria - the plan is focused on stopping the person's
abusive or violent behaviour and adopting a non-abusive lifestyle;
the plan is consistent with the person's coping abilities,
knowledge, resources, skills, and values; the plan is consistent
with the service provider's goals, concerns, and requirements.
Intervention and counselling skills focus on assisting the person to identify other
components of the counselling and intervention plan.
Range:
other components - resources that are available to achieve the
identified goals; a time frame that is consistent with the use of
available resources; the social service worker's role in the plan;
contingencies and procedures to be followed in relation to
contingencies; methods of evaluating progress.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
element 4
Use intervention and counselling skills to assist a perpetrator to implement the plan to
achieve the identified goals for counselling and intervention.
performance criteria
4.1
Intervention and counselling skills are in accordance with the social service
worker's role in the plan.
Range:
intervention and counselling skills - co-creating and exploring
alternatives; challenging; coaching; confrontation; exploring past
and current behaviours, patterns and beliefs; feedback; focussing;
making connections; motivation; providing information; referral to
other professionals; reframing.
4.2
Intervention and counselling skills focus on encouraging the person to take
responsibility for not re-offending.
4.3
Intervention and counselling skills focus on encouraging the person to maintain
their motivation and achieve the identified goals for counselling and
intervention.
4.4
Intervention and counselling skills assist the person to address the needs of
those affected by their abuse or violence and be accountable to people affected
by their abuse, neglect, or violence.
4.5
Intervention and counselling skills are consistent with the person's coping
abilities, knowledge, resources, skills, and values.
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
NEGLECT, AND VIOLENCE
Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
4.6
Intervention and counselling skills assist the person to identify progress in
achieving the goals for counselling and intervention.
4.7
Intervention and counselling skills assist the person to reflect on evaluation of
progress and the plan, and identify future options.
4.8
Intervention and counselling skills focus on encouraging the person to commit
to incorporating changes into their future lifestyle and establishing
accountability to people in their system context.
element 5
Effect resolution of counselling and intervention with a perpetrator of abuse, neglect, or
violence.
performance criteria
5.1
Closure of each counselling and intervention session is effected according to
the established kawa or protocol.
5.2
Resolution of counselling and intervention is in terms of agreed completion of
involvement of the social service worker in the plan.
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SOCIAL SERVICE WORK WITH ABUSE,
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Provide counselling and intervention
with perpetrators of abuse, neglect, or
violence
5.3
Resolution of counselling and intervention identifies relevant issues arising from
completion of the plan.
Range:
relevant issues - emotional, cognitive, and behavioural change;
identification of achievements and new learning towards a nonabusive lifestyle; transfer of learning to dealing with other
concerns, issues, or needs; ongoing self management plans;
establishing resolution with and accountability to people in their
system context; factors that may lead to resumption of contact;
future roles, functions, and services available from the social
service worker or service provider; means of re-establishing
contact with social service worker or service provider; sources of
referral to other professionals.
Comments to:
Careerforce
PO Box 2637
Wellington 6140
Please Note:
Providers must be accredited by the Qualifications Authority
before they can offer programmes of education and training
assessed against unit standards.
Accredited providers assessing against unit standards must
engage with the moderation system that applies to those unit
standards. [Please refer to relevant Plan ref: 0222]
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016