NZQA registered unit standard
28877 version 1
Page 1 of 5
Title
Demonstrate knowledge of complex or non-standard
telecommunications radio network management and support
services
Level
4
Purpose
Credits
12
This unit standard covers knowledge for people engaged in
installation and maintenance of complex or non-standard
applications of telecommunications radio services including
cellular radio.
People credited with this unit standard are able to demonstrate
knowledge of:
–
factors affecting performance and stability of radio
networks, and ways to reduce the impact of these factors;
–
current network and element management and
performance monitoring systems for complex or nonstandard radio networks; and
–
common cellular and radio support services.
Classification
Telecommunications > Telecommunications - Service Delivery
Available grade
Achieved
Explanatory notes
1
This unit standard is developed for learning and assessment off job.
2
The term knowledge is used to describe the knowledge required by candidates to
support the range of practical installation and maintenance activities assessed by unit
standards:
28873, Prepare for the installation of complex and non-standard telecommunications
radio or cellular systems and services;
28874, Install and commission complex and non-standard telecommunications radio
or cellular systems and services;
28875, Maintain, locate faults in, and verify performance of complex and nonstandard telecommunications radio or cellular systems.
3
References
Electricity (Safety) Regulations 2010;
Electricity Act 1992;
Radiocommunications Act 1989;
Radiocommunications Regulations 2001;
Resource Management (National Environmental Standards for Telecommunication
Facilities) Regulations 2008;
Resource Management Act 1991;
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
NZQA registered unit standard
28877 version 1
Page 2 of 5
Search and Surveillance Act 2012;
Telecommunications Act 2001;
AS/NZS 3080, Telecommunications installations – Generic cabling for commercial
premises;
AS/NZS 3084, Telecommunications pathways and spaces for commercial buildings
and the recommended guidelines;
Best practice guidelines for working at height in New Zealand, 2012, ISBN 978-0478-39133-6, published by Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE);
International Commission on Non-iIonizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) Guidelines,
published by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection in
Health Physics, April 1998, volume 74, number 4;
NZS 2772.1, Radiofrequency fields – Maximum exposure levels – 3 kHz to 300 GHz;
Telecommunications Carriers’ Forum Code for Residential, SOHO and Multi-dwelling
Premises Wiring (“Premises Wiring Code of Practice”);
and all subsequent amendments and replacements.
4
Definitions
AM – amplitude modulation.
Complex or non-standard – three or more components and/or services used together
in radio or cellular networks or enterprise solutions systems.
Converging Technology – any existing technologies that are integrated to provide a
new service including convergence of any previously separately existing technologies
that now share resources.
CoS – Class of Service.
DHCP – Dynamic Host Con.figuration Protocol.
DNS – Domain Name System.
DSSS – Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum.
eTOM – Enhanced Telecommunications Operations Map.
FHSS – Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum.
FM – Frequency Modulation.
Industry practice – practices that competent practitioners within the industry
recognise as current industry best practice.
IP – Internet Protocol.
IT – Information Technology.
ITU – International Telecommunication Union.
NOC – network operation centre (Remote monitoring and control centre for network
operations and incident management).
QAM – quadrature amplitude modulation.
QoS – Quality of Service.
Radio and cellular network service – in this unit standard means – complex and/or
non-standard telecommunications radio networks.
SOHO – Small Office home office.
TCP – Transmission Control Protocol.
UPS – uninterruptable power supply.
5
Range
a All evidence provided for assessment against this unit standard must be in
accordance with industry practice.
b The use of mathematics is not required except where calculation is specifically
mentioned.
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
NZQA registered unit standard
28877 version 1
Page 3 of 5
Outcomes and evidence requirements
Outcome 1
Demonstrate knowledge of factors that can reduce performance and stability of radio
networks, and ways to reduce the impact of these factors.
Evidence requirements
1.1
Explain the factors that can reduce performance of radio signal paths and
techniques to mitigate these.
Range
1.2
factors – temperature, inversion layers, moisture, interference;
techniques – space diversity, frequency diversity, polarity diversity,
filtering, modulation methods.
Explain the factors reducing performance of radio frequency amplifiers and
techniques to mitigate these.
Range
thermal noise, supply voltages, temperature, age.
1.3
Explain dynamic modulation methods and how this allows a degraded system to
continue to operate.
1.4
Explain signal path redundancy and hitless switching as employed in radio
networks.
Outcome 2
Demonstrate knowledge of current network and element management and performance
monitoring systems for complex or non-standard radio networks.
Evidence requirements
2.1
Explain network operations centre and network administration activities with
reference to complex radio networks.
2.2
Explain the principles of operation of management networks and element
management devices.
Range
management devices include but are not limited to – interface
management and data collection units, element managers,
monitoring systems, test and measurement environment.
2.3
Explain proactive, reactive and condition based maintenance practices.
2.4
Describe key performance indicators for complex networks.
Range
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
includes but not limited to – element availability, interface
statistics, NetFlow statistics, CoS/QoS statistics, bandwidth
utilisation by application.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
NZQA registered unit standard
2.5
Identify the incident management escalation hierarchy, with particular reference
to the tiered structure.
Range
2.6
ITU or ETOM guidelines.
Explain two network records and inventory systems and practices for complex
networks.
Range
2.7
28877 version 1
Page 4 of 5
may include but is not limited to – GIS database for network
inventory, logical network database for service inventory, fibre
optic grid plans.
Explain the roles and responsibilities of other personnel regarding radio network
performance, stability, documentation/records, and software systems.
Range
may include but not limited to – NOC, IT, Engineers, Planners,
Designers, Regulators, Standard setting bodies, Inspectors.
Outcome 3
Demonstrate knowledge of common cellular and radio support services.
Evidence requirements
3.1
Explain the operation of typical power supply systems with reference to battery
backup and emergency generation for critical or enterprise systems.
Range
3.2
includes, but not limited to – protection devices, UPS, redundancy,
load balancing, standby power supplies.
Describe security and fire protection systems with reference to requirement and
purpose.
Range
fire protection – gas suppression, sprinklers, smoke alarms;
security – alarms, access control.
3.3
Explain the operation and maintenance requirements of ventilation and/or airconditioning systems in relation to equipment rooms.
3.4
Explain the requirement and function of seismic infrastructure in relation to
equipment rooms.
3.5
Outline the key elements of telecommunications towers and masts, and passive
and active roadside cabinets in relation to equipment housing.
3.6
Explain cable distribution practices in telecommunications distribution rooms.
Range
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
power distribution, earthing arrangements, cable management
practices for fibre and copper.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016
NZQA registered unit standard
Planned review date
28877 version 1
Page 5 of 5
31 December 2020
Status information and last date for assessment for superseded versions
Process
Version Date
Last Date for Assessment
Registration
1
16 July 2015
N/A
Consent and Moderation Requirements (CMR) reference
0003
This CMR can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/framework/search/index.do.
Please note
Providers must be granted consent to assess against standards (accredited) by NZQA,
before they can report credits from assessment against unit standards or deliver courses
of study leading to that assessment.
Industry Training Organisations must be granted consent to assess against standards by
NZQA before they can register credits from assessment against unit standards.
Providers and Industry Training Organisations, which have been granted consent and
which are assessing against unit standards must engage with the moderation system that
applies to those standards.
Requirements for consent to assess and an outline of the moderation system that applies
to this standard are outlined in the Consent and Moderation Requirements (CMR). The
CMR also includes useful information about special requirements for organisations wishing
to develop education and training programmes, such as minimum qualifications for tutors
and assessors, and special resource requirements.
Comments on this unit standard
Please contact The Skills Organisation reviewcomments@skills.org.nz if you wish to
suggest changes to the content of this unit standard.
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016