Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Technical Assistance to the Civil Society organizations 2 (TACSO 2) from the IPA Beneficiaries EuropeAid/133642/C/SER/Multi P2P Report Central regional conference of the SEE Media Observatory: “Media and journalism in South East Europe – Captured by particular interests or turning to serve the public?” 12-13 June 2014 Tirana (Tirana International Hotel), Albania CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. Introduction Description of event Report from: Media ownership – main patterns and risks for media integrity Report from Journalists - Victims or constituents of structures and relations which obstruct democratic role of the media? 5. Evaluation results Annex A: Agenda Annex B: Participants List Annex C: Full evaluation report Introduction An important topic that is receiving more and more attention, not only in the Western Balkans and Turkey, but also in the European Union is the media. This importance was emphasized during the Central Regional Conference of the SEE Media Observatory, held in Tirana, Albania from June 12-13, “Media and journalism in South East Europe – Captured by particular interests or turning to serve the public?”, organised by the South East European (SEE) Media Observatory and supported by the Central European Initiative (CEI) and the P2P Component of the Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations (TACSO) Project. TACSO Project supported the event by providing the opportunity to the participants from IPA Region to participate in the Conference; the emphasis was put on the countries where the SEE Media Observatory is looking to extend to (Kosovo, Turkey and Montenegro). Most of the TACSO funded participants were key note speakers, or were one of the discussion panelists. The aim of the conference was to present and discuss the findings of the media integrity research and investigative journalism projects in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (hereinafter referred to as Macedonia) and Montenegro. The research employed a concept of media integrity to analyse and understand why the media (systems) in the region of SEE are as they are, and what influences their ability to serve the public interest and democratic processes. 1 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. The conference was divided into seven sessions that covered the topics of: • Media policy development and implementation: who rules and why legislation does not work? • Media ownership: main patterns and risks for media integrity; • Media finances: is there a media market at all? To blame the industry or the state? • Public service broadcasting: governing and financing patterns – a way of control and a way of solution? • Journalists: victims or constituents of structures and relations which obstruct the democratic role of the media? • The external view and context: are media integrity problems a regional or wider problem? and • Prospects for media integrity in SEE: positive cases and recommendations. The keynote speakers, panelists and conference participants included professors, directors of TV stations, editors of major newspapers, journalists, media experts as well as ministers, advisors and presidents of boards for media-related issues. During the discussions, participants shared their experiences of the different topics in their country, and also listened to other perspectives from Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Hungary and the United Kingdom. Besides the main topic areas, participants also discussed new media, technology, the digital agenda and digitalization as well as and how that is changing their playing field. János Horvát, President of the Board of the Center for Independent Journalism in Hungary stated that the new technology is not a threat, it is an opportunity and we have to adapt to new challenges. Participants expressed their satisfaction with the conference, which gave them an opportunity to meet with old and new colleagues as well as to contribute to the different conference sessions. The central regional conference in Tirana comes 10 years after the Bled conference, organized on 11-12 June 2004 at the end of the previous regional research of the network SEENPM “Media ownership and its impact on media independence and pluralism”. This time distance allowed a good opportunity for comparison. Over 100 people were invited to this event, while the actual participation was over 80. The participants came from the IPA region countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Montenegro and Serbia), Slovenia, Hungary, Netherlands, Croatia, Hungary, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, and the UK. The participants represented professionals who are dealing with various levels of the media integrity (media professionals, representatives of the journalist unions and associations, researchers, academics, etc). The SEE Media Observatory is a European-Union funded project through the Framework for Partnership Agreement (FPA) on building capacities and coalitions for monitoring media integrity and advancing media reforms. TACSO contributed to this conference by supporting the participation of representatives from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo*, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey. * This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence. 2 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Description of event The media integrity research employed a concept of media integrity to analyse and understand why the media (systems) in the region of SEE are as they are, and what influences their ability to serve public interest and democratic processes. The research applied a holistic approach, exploring media policy development and implementation, media ownership, media finances and public service broadcasting as well as situation of journalists and journalism. In the research methodology, 64 risks for media integrity have been identified to guide the researchers in their analyses. The research was conducted between July 2013 and February 2014. In addition to the research, SEE Media Observatory supported 6 investigative journalism teams to conduct own research on corrupt practices in the media sector. More than 100 relevant actors have been consulted on media integrity issues through interviews and focus groups discussions. The research findings have been published in the book which will be distributed at the central regional conference, while partners will also publish the research findings in own language, and discuss them on national level. One of the main topics for speakers and panellists was the role of the media in democracy and if the media should continue to be the core of democracy in a country. It was noted that more networking and interactions should be made with citizens, and these interactions should include the civil society as well. Addittionally the new technology was reffered to as a new tool which should be embaraced and used for reporting. Evaluation of the event All TACSO-supported participants received post-event evaluation survey. Fourteen participants (64%) out of the total of 22 completed it. Below are some highlights, whereas the full report may be seen enclosed herewith as Annex C. 3 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. 4 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. 5 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. 6 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Suggestions on the overall content and moderation of the panel sessions: Respondent Nr. 5: "Plan was logical, moderators good and we were faced with very experienced people both in front and around table." 7 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. 8 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Annexes Project partners: Central regional conference of the SEE Media Observatory: “Media and journalism in South East Europe – Captured by particular interests or turning to serve the public?” 12-13 June 2014 Tirana (Tirana International Hotel), Albania With the support of Central European Initiative (CEI) and Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations (TACSO) Aims: Central regional conference of the South East European Media Observatory aims at presentation and discussion on the findings of the media integrity research and investigative journalism projects in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia and Serbia. The research employed a concept of media integrity to analyse and understand why the media (systems) in the region of SEE are as they are, and what influence their ability to serve public interest and democratic processes. The research applied a holistic approach, exploring media policy development and implementation, media ownership, media finances and public service broadcasting as well as situation of journalists and journalism. In the research methodology, 64 risks for media integrity have been identified to guide the researchers in their analyses. The research was conducted between July 2013 and February 2014. In addition to the research, SEE Media Observatory supported 6 investigative journalism teams to conduct own research on corrupt practices in the media sector. More than 100 relevant actors have been consulted on media integrity issues 9 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. through interviews and focus groups discussions. The research findings have been published in the book which will be distributed at the central regional conference, while partners will also publish the research findings in own language, and discuss them on national level. The central regional conference in Tirana comes 10 years after the Bled conference, organized on 11-12 June 2004 at the end of the previous regional research of the network SEENPM “Media ownership and its impact on media independence and pluralism”. This time distance allows good opportunity for comparison. Agenda Thursday, 12 June 2014 9.00-9.30 Opening session Chairperson: Remzi Lani, Director, Albanian Media Institute, Albania Opening statements: Gentian Elezi, Deputy Minister of European Integration, Republic of Albania Clive Rumbold, Acting Head, Delegation of the European Union to Albania Speaker: Brankica Petković, Peace Institute, Ljubljana, Coordinator of the SEE Media Observatory “SEE Media Observatory: Why to research, protect and promote media integrity?” 9.30-11.00 Session 1 Media policy development and implementation: who rules and why legislation doesn’t work? Chairperson/discussant: János Horvát, journalist, President of the Board of the Center for Independent Journalism, Hungary Keynote speakers: Helena Popović, Professor, Faculty of Political Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia Snežana Trpevska, Professor, School of Journalism and PR, Skopje, Macedonia (both authors of the media integrity research reports) Panelists: Saša Mirković, Assistant Minister, Ministry of Culture and Information, Serbia Helena Mandić, Director of Broadcasting, Communication Regulatory Agency, Bosnia and Herzegovina Milaim Fetai, Vice President, Agency for Audio and Audiovisual Media Services, Macedonia Gent Ibrahimi, Director, Institute for Policy and Legal Studies, Albania Open discussion 11.00-11.30 Break 11.30-13.00 Session 2 Media ownership – main patterns and risks for media integrity Chairperson/discussant: Sandra B. Hrvatin, Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Koper, Slovenia SEE Media Observatory Advisory Board member 10 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Keynote speaker: Sanela Hodžić, Research Coordinator, Media Center Sarajevo, BiH, author of the media integrity research report for Bosnia and Herzegovina Panelists: Nataša Tešanović, Director, ATV, Banja Luka, BiH Željko Ivanović, Managing Editor, co-owner, Vijesti, Montenegro Meri Jordanovska, investigative journalist, Macedonia, sub-grantee of SEE Media Observatory Vaclav Štetka, Senior Research Fellow, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Czech Republic Andrew Finkel, journalist, Funding Vice President, P24 – Platform for Independent Journalism, Turkey Open discussion 13.00-14.30 Lunch 13.45-14.30 Side event (in the conference room): Presentation of (a) the UNESCO World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development, and (b) the UNESCO comprehensive study of Internet-related issues 14.30-16.00 Session 3 Media finances – is there a media market at all? To blame the industry or the state? Chairperson/discussant: Saša Leković, journalist, Director, Investigative Journalism Center, Zagreb Keynote speaker: Ilda Londo, Research Coordinator, Albanian Media Institute, Tirana, author of the media integrity research report for Albania Panelists: Senad Zaimović, President, Joint Industry Committee, Fabrika Agency, BiH Besar Likmeta, investigative journalist, BIRN, Albania, sub-grantee of SEE Media Observatory Agron Bajrami, Editor, Koha Ditore daily, Kosovo Mladen Čadikovski, Director, Fokus weekly, Macedonia Milan Živković, Head of the Media Department, Ministry of Culture, Croatia Goran Klemenčič, former President of the Anti-corruption Commission, Slovenia Open discussion 16.00-16.15 Break 16.15-17.45 Session 4 Public service broadcasting: governing and financing patterns - way of control and way of solution? Chairperson/discussant: Marko Milosavljević, Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia Keynote speaker: Dubravka Valić Nedeljković, President of the Board, Novi Sad School of Journalism, co-author of the media integrity research report for Serbia 11 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Panelists: Sanja Mikleušević Pavić, News Editor and Presenter, HRT, Croatia Mehmed Agović, Adviser, Ministry of Transport and Communication, former DG of BHRT Lutfi Dervishi, media expert, former News Program Editor at TVSH, Albania Harun Ibrahimi, Deputy Director General, MRT, Macedonia Radka Betcheva, Senior Project Manager, EBU Partnership Programme Open discussion 19.30 Dinner in the city Friday, 13 June 2014 9.00-11.00 Session 5 Journalists - Victims or constituents of structures and relations which obstruct democratic role of the media? Chairperson/discussant: Boro Kontić, Director, Media Center Sarajevo, BiH Keynote speaker: Jovanka Matić, Researcher, Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade, co-author of the media integrity research report for Serbia Panelists: Duška Jurišić, journalist and editor, FTV BiH Tamara Causidis, President, Union of Journalists, Macedonia Ilva Tare, journalist, Ora News, Albania Yavuz Baydar, Co-founder, P24 – Platform for Independent Journalism, Turkey Marijana Camović, President, Union of Journalists, Montenegro Balazs Weyer, President, Hungarian Editors Forum, Budapest Open discussion 11.00-11.15 Break 11.15-12.45 Session 6 External view and context: are media integrity problems a regional or wider problem? Chairperson: Ilona Moricz, Director, Center for Independent Journalism, Budapest, Hungary Keynote speaker: Aidan White, Director, Ethical Journalism Network, SEE Media Observatory Advisory Board member 12 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Panelists: Guy Berger, Director, Division of Freedom of Expression and Media Development, UNESCO Karl Giacinti, Program Manager, European Commission, DG Enlargement Leon Willems, Chairman, Global Forum for Media Development Ross Biggam, Director General, Association of Commercial Television in Europe Ewen MacAskill, journalist, Washington DC bureau chief 2007-2013, The Guardian, UK Open discussion 13.00-14.00 Closing session: Prospects for media integrity in SEE: Positive cases and Recommendations Chairperson/discussant: Gordana Janković, Head, Media Department, OSCE Mission to Serbia Keynote speaker: Sandra B. Hrvatin, Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Koper, Slovenia SEE Media Observatory Advisory Board member Panelists: Gordana Igrić, Director, Balkan Investigative Reporting Network Oliver Vujović, Director, SEEMO Biljana Petkovska, Director, Macedonian Institute for Media Remzi Lani, Director, Albanian Media Institute Brankica Petković, Peace Institute, Ljubljana, SEE Media Observatory Coordinator Open discussion 14.00 Lunch End of conference. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Name Organisation SPEAKERS Country Agron Bajrami Koha Ditore daily Kosovo agronb@kohaditore.com Aidan White Ethical Journalism Network UK aidanpatrickwhite@gmail.com Contact 13 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Andrew Finkel P24 – Platform for Independent Journalism Turkey andrew@finkel.info Balazs Weyer Hungarian Editors Forum Hungary weyer@t-online.hu Albania besar@birn.eu.com Macedonia bb@mim.org.mk Besar Likmeta Biljana Petkovska Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) Macedonian Institute for Media Boro Kontić Media Center Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina boro@media.ba Brankica Petković Peace Institute Slovenia brankica.petkovic@mirovni-institut.si Albania delegation-albania@eeas.europa.eu Serbia dubravka@novinarska-skola.org.rs; dnvalic@gmail.com Dubravka Valić Nedeljković Delegation of the European Union to Albania Novi Sad School of Journalism Duška Jurišić FTV BiH Bosnia and Herzegovina duskaj1@yahoo.com; duska.jurisic@rtvfbih.b Ewen MacAskill The Guardian UK ewen.macaskill@theguardian.com Albania gent_ibrahimi@ipls.org Albania info@integrimi.gov.al Slovenia goran.klemencic@outlook.com Serbia goca@birn.eu.com Serbia Gordana.Jankovic@osce.org France g.berger@unesco.org Macedonia Secretary: marina.todorovska@mrt.com.mk Bosnia and Herzegovina hmandic@rak.ba Croatia helena.popovic@fpzg.hr Clive Rumbold Gent Ibrahimi Gentian Elezi Goran Klemenčič Gordana Igrić Gordana Janković Guy Berger Harun Ibrahimi Helena Mandić Helena Popović Institute for Policy and Legal Studies Ministry of European Integration Former President of the Anti-corruption Commission Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) Media Department, OSCE Mission to Serbia Division of Freedom of Expression and Media Development, UNESCO Macedonian Radio Television Communication Regulatory Agency Faculty of Political Sciences, Zagreb Ilda Londo Albanian Media Institute Albania Ildalono@institutemedia.org Ilona Moricz Center for Independent Journalism Hungary ilona.moricz@cij.hu 14 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office Ilva Tare Albania ilva.tare@gmail.com Hungary jns.horvat@gmail.com Serbia jovmatic@gmail.com Belgium Karl.GIACINTI@ec.europa.eu The Netherlands willems@freepressunlimited.org Albania lutfidervishi@gmail.com Marijana Camović Union of Journalists Montenegro marijanacamovic@yahoo.com Marko Milosavljević János Horvát Jovanka Matić Karl Giacinti Leon Willems Lutfi Dervishi Ora News TV This project is funded by the European Union. Center for Independent Journalism Institute of Social Sciences, Belgrade European Commission, DG Enlargement Global Forum for Media Development Media expert Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana Ministry of Transport and Communication Slovenia Marko.Milosavljevic@fdv.uni-lj.si Bosnia and Herzegovina Agovicm@gmail.com Meri Jordanovska Journalist Macedonia m_jordanovska@yahoo.com Milaim Fetai Agency for Audio and Audivisual Media Services Macedonia fetai@avmu.mk Milan Živković Ministry of Culture Croatia fzivkovic@gmail.com Mladen Čadikovski Fokus weekly Macedonia mladencadik@yahoo.com Nataša Tešanović ATV Banja Luka Bosnia and Herzegovina direktor@atvbl.com Oliver Vujović SEEMO Austria vujovic@seemo.org Radka Betcheva EBU Partnership Programme Switzerland betcheva@ebu.ch Remzi Lani Albanian Media Institute Albania rlani@institutemedia.org Belgium rb@acte.be Slovenia sandra.hrvatin@guest.arnes.si Mehmed Agović Ross Biggam Sandra B. Hrvatin Association of Commercial Television in Europe Faculty of Humanities, Koper/Capodistria Sanela Hodžić Media Center Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.hodzic@media.ba Sanja Mikleušić Pavić Croatian Radiotelevision Croatia Sanja.Mikleusevic@hrt.hr Saša Leković Investigative Journalism Center Croatia sasa.lekovic1@gmail.com 15 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office Saša Mirković Senad Zaimović This project is funded by the European Union. Ministry of Culture and Information Joint Industry Committee & Fabrika marketing agency Serbia sasa.mirkovic@kultura.gov.rs Bosnia and Herzegovina senad@fabrika.com Snežana Trpevska School of Journalism and PR Macedonia strpevska@vs.edu.mk Tamara Causidis Union of Journalists Macedonia tamaramak@yahoo.com; pretsedatel@ssnm.org.mk Vaclav Štetka Charles University Czech Republic stetka@fsv.cuni.cz Yavuz Baydar P24 – Platform for Independent Journalism Turkey yavuz.baydar@gmail.com Željko Ivanović Vijesti daily Montenegro zeljko.ivanovic@vijesti.me INTERNATIONAL GUESTS Country Contact Name Organisation Amer Džihana IREX Bosnia and medmedmh@gmail.com Herzegovina Aida Fazlić TACSO Bosnia and aida.fazlic@tacso.org Herzegovina Aida Kalender Media Center Sarajevo Bosnia and aida.kalender@media.ba Herzegovina Ann Morton Hyde Particip GmbH (Mid-TermReview) Germany Asja Roksa Zupčević Communication Regulatory Agency Bosnia and info@rak.ba Herzegovina Corina Cepoi SEENPM Moldova Deniz Yazici OSCE, Office of the Representative on Freedom of Austria the Media Deniz.Yazici@osce.org Dinko Gruhonjić Association of Journalists in Vojvodina Serbia dinkosaska@yahoo.com Driton Latifi Kosovo Press Council Kosovo presscouncil.kosovo@gmail.com; driton.latifi@gmail.com Dušan Reljić German Institute for International and Security Affairs Germany Dusan.Reljic@swp-berlin.org ann.hyde.mtr@gmail.com corina.cepoi@gmail.com 16 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Edward Pittman Open Society Foundations UK edward.pittman@opensocietyfoundations Franja Arlič Peace Institute Slovenia franja.arlic@mirovni-institut.si Ioana Avadani Center for Independent Journalism Romania cjiioana@gmail.com Ismet Hajdari Al Jazeera Balkans Kosovo Ismet.HAJDARI@afp.com Ivan Manzano Particip GmbH (ResultsOriented Monitoring) Germany ivan.manzano@particip.com Lea Šušić Partnership for Social Development Croatia info@psd.hr Ljiljana Žugić Montenegro Media Institute Montenegro Zugic@mminstitute.org Milka Tadić Mijović Monitor weekly Montenegro tadicpg@t-com.me Naser Selmani Association of Journalists Macedonia nasersel@yahoo.com Nilay Vardar Bianet Turkey nilay@bianet.org Petrit Saracini Macedonian Institute for Media Macedonia saracini@mim.org.mk Rafael Barca IFEX-consultant Hungary rbarca@yahoo.com Sandor Orban Center for Independent Journalism Hungary orbansandor@yahoo.com Sanela Bećirović TACSO Bosnia and sanela.tunovic@tacso.org Herzegovina Seva Erten Association of Journalists, Ankara Turkey sevaerten@gmail.com Tijana Femić Novi Sad School of Journalism Serbia tijana@novinarska-skola.org.rs Visar Hoti AMPEK, Association of Kosovo Independent Broadcast Media visartema@yahoo.com 17 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Vladimir Zlatarsky KAS, Media Program South East Europe Bulgaria vladimir.zlatarsky@kas.de Yusuf Kanli Press for Freedom Turkey yusufkanli@pressforfreedom.org 18 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. INVITED GUESTS FROM ALBANIA Country Contact Name Organisation Agim Neza Koha Jone newspaper, Tirana Albania nezagim@yahoo.com Alfred Lela Mapo newspaper, Tirana Albania alfred.lela77@gmail.com Alfred Peza Media Commission, Parliament Albania alfred200@yahoo.com Arben Muka Deutsche Welle, Albanian Service Albania mukaben@yahoo.com Blerta Xhako MIAP, Tirana Albania Blerta.Xhako@akshi.gov.al Claudia Vollmer OSCE Albania Claudia.Vollmer@osce.org Dasara Dizdara European Union Delegation, Tirana Albania dasara.dizdarizeneli@ext.eeas.europa.eu Dorian Matlia Respublica, Tirana Albania dorian.matlia@gmail.com Elira Canga OSCE Albania elira.canga@osce.org Erl Murati Gazeta shqiptare, Tirana Albania erlmurati@hotmail.com Fabiola Haxhillari Council of Europe, Tirana Albania fabiola.haxhillari@coe.int Genc Pollo Media Commission, Parliament Albania gencpollo@gmail.com Genta Skuraj Tirana University Albania gentaskura@gmail.com Gjergj Erebara Shqip newspaper, Tirana Albania erebara.gjergj@gmail.com Ilda Bakshevani OSFA Albania ibakshevani@osfa.soros.al Ilir Aliaj Center for the Development of Democratic Institutions, Tirana Albania ilir_aliaj@hotmail.com Ilir Kalemaj New York University, Tirana Albania ilirkalemaj@gmail.com Iris Luarasi Journalist, Tirana Albania luarasi@gmail.com Jonila Godole Media expert, Tirana Albania jonila_godole@yahoo.de Kristina Voko BIRN Albania kristina.birn@birn.eu.com 19 Technical Assistance for Civil Society Organisations Regional Office This project is funded by the European Union. Loreta Andoni MIAP, Tirana Albania andoniloreta@yahoo.com Mariola Qesaraku Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Tirana Albania mariola.qesaraku@fes-tirana.org Raimonda Nelku Tirana University Albania raimondanelku@gmail.com Rrapo Zguri Media expert, Tirana Albania rrapozguri@hotmail.com Theo Alexandridis Respublica, Tirana Albania drtheodoros@gmail.com Valbona Sulçe Albanian University, Tirana Albania valbonasulce@gmail.com Valerie O’ Brien US Embassy, Tirana Albania O’BrienVC@state.gov Vasilika Laçi Civil Rights Defenders Albania vasilika.laci@civilrightsdefenders.org Vojislav Raonić OSCE Albania vojislav.raonic@osce.org ORGANISER Roza Lekoti Albanian Media Institute Albania rlekloti@institutemedia.org 20