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HISTORY
Introductory Level Courses
HIST 1001 Past Into Present (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
History starts here, with the news and public debates of today. This general interest course
examines how our understanding of the world we live in is shaped by our knowledge of history.
The course is divided into two or three modules (depending on available instructors), which will
vary from year to year, and will range in focus from world crises to popular culture.
HIST 1002 The World Since 1945 (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course examines major themes in global history since the end of the
Second World War. Topics to be examined include the origins, evolution, and end of the Cold
War; the emergence of new nations in Africa and Asia; comparative social change; cultural
revolutions and the status of women; and recent responses to globalization and armed conflict.
HIST 1004 War in the Modern World (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course analyzes the history of a current conflict by exploring the domestic
and international contexts and options for ending the conflict. Combines lectures, discussion
and simulations, to examine the role of allies, armies, paramilitaries, agents provocateurs,
multinational corporations, non-government organizations and the United Nations.
HIST 1007 History of the Body (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course examines how the body has been imagined, experienced,
controlled, and understood, both historically and today, by art, medicine, technology, religion,
science and popular culture. Considers the sexualized and pregnant body, the sinful and
diseased body, the aesthetic and the medicalized body, and the body as machine from Galen
and Descartes to the age of the computer, the cyborg and the gene.
HIST 1008 Religion, Magic and Witchcraft in the Medieval World (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course introduces students to the complex and fascinating realm of
religious and scientific beliefs and magical practices maintained by people living during the high
and late Middle Ages in Europe and the Middle East, from about 1200 AD to 1600 AD.
Considerable attention is paid to the development of the Inquisition against heresy, the
growing fear over supposed diabolical conspiracies and the development of the diabolical witch
stereotype in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
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HIST 1009 Epidemic Disease from the Middle Ages to the Present (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course explores the changing perceptions of epidemic disease from the
fourteenth century through to the present day. By focusing on infectious illnesses such as
plague, smallpox, cholera, and influenza, this course considers the various socio-cultural,
medical, and governmental responses to epidemics throughout this lengthy period of history.
Particular attention is given to both change and continuity over time, posing (and seeking
answers to) questions such as: how have responses to epidemic disease changed over time?
how have they remained the same?
HIST 1015 World History (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course provides an introduction to some of the major events, persons, and
ideas that have shaped the history of the world. Special attention is given to the role of science,
technology, fine art, and other non-political topics. Designed for undergraduates in all faculties.
Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST 2015.
HIST 1133 Rome: The Eternal City (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course provides an introduction to the history of Rome from the Baroque
period to the modern age. Normally taught on location. May not be taken by students who
have taken HIST 2133 or HIST 3133 .
HIST 1305 Prohibtion and Rum-running in Canada, 1827-1948 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course introduces the historical method while exploring the controversial
theme of prohibition. Examines both protagonists in the struggle: prohibitionists, whose
ideology was rooted in evangelical religion and an early strain of feminism, and the "Rummies"
who fought to preserve a recreational drinking culture and the economic opportunities that it
made possible.
HIST 1315 Canadian History on Film 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course introduces the challenges of studying history on film by examining
selected themes in Canadian history and their representation in documentary and dramatic
films.
HIST 1325 Canada since 1945 (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course addresses the major issues of contemporary Canadian history,
including post-war reconstruction, the emergence of the welfare state, the Quiet Revolution in
Quebec, Canadian external relations, immigration policy, regional disparity, political leadership,
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and national identity. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST
2325.
HIST 1715 Looking at the Past 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course is designed to acquaint students with the use of visual sources as
historical evidence. Studies a broad range of visual culture, from paintings to advertisements to
television, according to their historical meanings. Considers how historical images accrue
meaning for the contemporary. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken
HIST 2715.
HIST 1815 Military History from Plato to NATO 3 ch (3C) [W]
This general interest course provides an introduction to the study of tactics, technology, battle
control, logistics and management. Developments will be examined by studying selected
campaigns and battles. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST
2815.
Foundation Level Courses
HIST 2013 Medieval History Part I: Europe to 1200 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry level course, which is recommended for both first-and second-year students,
provides a survey of Western Europe from the end of the Roman Empire and the appearance of
the German peoples until the end of the twelfth century. Focuses especially on the major
political and social developments of medieval Europe, such as feudalism, the revival of towns,
the conflict between Popes and Emperors, the crusades, the flourishing of medieval thought
and the role of both women and men in medieval society. Restriction: Not available for credit
to students who have completed HIST 1010 or HIST 1005 .
HIST 2014 Medieval History Part II: Europe 1200-1500 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry-level course, which is recommended for both first-and second-year students,
continues the survey of the history of Medieval Europe, beginning c. 1200 and ending with the
Renaissance. Focuses especially on the several crises facing Europeans during the later Middle
Ages: popular uprisings, famine, the Black Death, the 100 Years War, Papal schism and the new
heretical and intellectual challenges to orthodoxy. Restriction: Not available for credit to
students who have completed HIST 1010 or HIST 1006 .
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HIST 2023 Early Modern Europe Part I, 1300-1600 (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry-level course, which is recommended for both first-and second-year students, surveys
Western European history by examining aspects of the Italian and Northern Renaissances, early
contact with Non-Western peoples, the Protestant and Catholic Reformations and the growth
of nation states. Emphasizes developments in the economy and society, education, religion,
culture and government. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have completed
HIST 1020.
HIST 2024 Early Modern Europe Part II, 1600-1800 (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry level course, which is recommended for both first- and second-year students,
continues the survey of Western European history by examining aspects of the rise of absolutist
states, the Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment, overseas expansion and the French
Revolution. Stresses developments in the economy and society, government, secular thought,
culture, international relations and war. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who
have completed HIST 1020 .
HIST 2103 Modern Europe Part I: 1789-1914 (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry level course, which is recommended for both first- and second-year students, surveys
European history from the era of the French and Industrial Revolutions to the eve of the First
World War. Topics to be covered include: the French Revolution and Napoleon; the Industrial
Revolution and the rise of the working class; evolving political ideologies and movements; the
forging of new nation states; changing class and gender relations; cultural upheaval; the
motives for imperialism; the origins of the First World War. Not available for credit to students
who have taken HIST 1100 or HIST 2100.
HIST 2104 Modern Europe Part II: 1914 to Present (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry level course, which is recommended for both first-and second-year students, surveys
European history from the First World War to the present. Topics to be covered include: the
First World War; the Russian Revolution; interwar cultural and social change; the Great
Depression and political upheaval; the origins and course of the Second World War; Europe and
the Cold War; social change after 1945; the impact of decolonization; the rise of the European
Union; European debates over national identity. Not available for credit to students who have
taken HIST 1100 or HIST 2100.
HIST 2300 An Introduction to Canadian History 6 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry level course, which is recommended for both first- and second year students, is a
general study of Canadian political, economic, and social development from early beginnings to
the present. Topics include Native societies, New France, British North America, Confederation,
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the National Policy, modern Canada and its regions. Restriction: Not available for credit to
students who have taken HIST 1300 .
HIST 2403 U.S History Part I: Colonial Period to Civil War 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry-level course, which is recommended for both first-and second-year students, surveys
American history from the earliest European settlement through the Civil War. Topics include
exploration and expansion, the European-Aboriginal encounter, colonization and Christianity,
revolutionary ideas and independence, the early Republic, the frontier experience, slavery and
resistance, antebellum culture, and sectional discord and conflict.
HIST 2404 U.S. History Part II: Civil War to the Present 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This entry-level course which is recommended for first-and second-year students, surveys the
modern history of the United States. The course considers national reconstruction following the
Civil War, late nineteenth century industrial and geographic expansion, social unrest and
progressive reform in the early twentieth century, the “roaring twenties”, the “dirty thirties”,
the New Deal, the “Good War” of the 1940s, the Cold War, the Civil Rights Movement,
liberalism and conservatism, the “Bad War”in Vietnam, the rebellions of the sixties, the Reagan
era and beyond. Completion of HIST 2403 recommended but not required.
Advanced Level Courses
American History
HIST 3402 The American Revolution (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the causes, results and nature of the American Revolution. Themes include imperial
relations, the internal development of the colonies and states, the development of
revolutionary ideas, and the formation of the federal government.
HIST 3403 The Loyalists (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Studies the American Loyalists before, during and after the American Revolution. The first half
deals with their emergence, 1763-1776, their role in the War of Independence, their treatment
by the rebels, and the Peace Treaty of 1783. The second half deals with their exile in Britain,
Sierra Leone, the West Indies, the Bahamas, Bermuda and what became Canada, to about
1814. An epilogue traces their myths, revivals and long-term effects down to the present.
HIST 3407 The United States: Civil War and Reconstruction (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Deals with the political, economic, diplomatic, and military dimensions of the civil War.
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Discusses the development of reconstruction policies both during and after the war and their
implementation in the South.
HIST 3408 American Radicalism and Reform (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
A survey of American social and political movements for change from the founding of the
United States to the present. Considers the radical legacy of the revolutionary era, the women's
suffrage and abolitionist movements, utopianism, populism, progressivism, radical unionism,
anarchism, socialism, communism, African American struggles for civil rights, the new social
movements of the sixties, identity politics, and recent resistance to capitalist globalization.
HIST 3411 Modern American Culture 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores culture in twentieth-century America and its relationship to economic, political, and
social change. Emphasizes literature, painting, music and film, but also examines everything
from television game shows to shopping malls. Asks if there is any distinctive identity that
unifies American culture, and studies the tensions among rural and urban, white and black,
male and female visions of American life.
HIST 3413 African America (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
A survey of African American history from slave times to the present, the course focuses on
culture and politics. Among the themes we explore are ideologies of racism, systems of
domination, the nature of resistance, movement building, liberation strategies, African
American identity, and the intersection of racial, class, and gender politics.
HIST 3414 Imperical America (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Surveys the history of the foreign relations of the United States from its emergence as a world
power late in the nineteenth century to its current global pre-eminence. Topics include the
"New Imperialism", Wilsonian idealism, inter-war isolationism, the "Good War", the Cold War,
Vietnam, "realpolitik", the "New World Order", globalization, and the "War on Terror".
HIST 3415 America at the Movies (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
An exploration of films as reflections of American history and of American history as it is
projected in films. Students learn to "read" films as historical documents and consider the role
of films in shaping understandings of history. The course will concentrate on a small number of
themes, genres, and problems, and endeavour to illuminate these through the critical analysis
of select films in historical context.
HIST 3416 Urban North America 3 ch (3S) [W]
Addresses developments within and among North American cities and explores changes in the
conceptions of cities in North American thought and culture. Using New York City as a case
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study, examines some historical literature of cities and enters the debates among historians
over the significance of class, ethnicity/race, gender and region in urban history. Also studies
the lives of urban dwellers, and chart shifts in the way people organized their lives in cities.
Major themes for this course include the changing physical structure and form of cities over
time; processes of urbanization and sub-urbanization; city planning; the economies of cities;
urban institutions; urban populations; and city politics. Normally taught on location.
HIST 3418 North American Slavery (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the cultures and economies of Black slavery in North America and the Caribbean, and
the role of the American Revolution in creating a slavery diaspora in such disparate locations as
Nova Scotia, London, Sierra Leone, and Australia. Particular attention is given to slavery in
Canada, including Canada’s role in the Underground Railroad movement, and the larger legacy
of slavery and anti-Black racism in Canada and in North America more generally. A central
theme is slave resistance, embodied in such actions as talking back, running away, committing
arson, and participating in slave revolts and insurrections.
HIST 3419 New York City: From Colony to World Capital (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the development of New York City from its establishment by the Dutch as New
Amsterdam in the 1600s, through its development as one of a handful of "world" cities whose
influences extend around the globe today. Will consider such historical themes as urban form
and architecture, city people and populations, culture and recreation, city politics and social
movements, the environment, and economics of cities. Will explore the history of New York
City in comparative perspective, using this city as our main case study. Normally taught on
location.
HIST 4455 The Harlem Renaissance (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Begins by considering some of the major themes, controversies and personalities in African
American history, 1865-1920, in an attempt to contextualize the surge of Black cultural
production known as the Harlem Renaissance. The course then focuses on the Renaissance
itself, and particularly on the racial, class and gender politics that informed the creation of
literature, music and art by African Americans in New York City in the 1920s and 1930s.
HIST 4495 The United States during the Vietnam Era (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This investigation of American culture, politics, and foreign relations during the third quarter of
the twentieth century focuses, in particular, on the origins, nature, and consequences of the
conflict that came to dominate the epoch. Topics include Cold War doctrine and ideology, the
military-industrial complex, the freedom movement and black power, the new left and the
counterculture, women's liberation, nation building and counterinsurgency, the anti-war
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movement, the conservative backlash, Watergate, and the "Vietnam syndrome".
Prerequisite: HIST 2404 or permission of instructor.
Ancient History
The History Department will accept for History credit courses in Greek and Roman History to a
maximum of 12 ch. See Classics section of Calendar for course descriptions.
Canadian History
HIST 3316 Immigration and Identity in Canadian History 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Examines the changing pattern of immigration to Canada from the early seventeenth century to
the present, and the contribution of the various immigrant groups to the creation of a sense of
Canadian identity.
HIST 3321 Canadian Colonial Society (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the formation and nature of community in pre-industrial English Canada. Particular
attention is given to demography, immigrant and religious traditions, economic and
environmental factors, poverty, social structure and the growth of towns.
HIST 3325 A History of Sexualities 3 ch (3C) [W]
A survey of the history of changing ideas, identities and practices associated with sexuality in
the modern era, c. 1750 - present. Rather than an unchanging biological force, sexuality is a
historical and social construction that involves conflict and contestation. Sexuality is also
mediated by gender, class, race and ethnicity and has been subject to considerable regulation
over time. Topics include religious attitudes and beliefs in pre-industrial and modern times;
science, medicine and sexuality, courtship and marriage, contraception and abortion, sexual
exploitation; violence and abuse, sexuality and leisure, the regulation of sexuality, the “sexual
revolution” of the 1960s and the construction of alternative sexual identities.
HIST 3326 Gender, Health and Medicine (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores the social history of health, disease, caregiving, and medical practice from a gender
perspective. Will focus on nineteenth- and twentieth-century Canada and the United States.
Classes will be arranged to allow for the thematic discussions on the topics such as changing
beauty ideals and their link to "wellness", notions of physical "fitness" and health promotion,
the medicalization of life cycle events such as puberty and child bearing/rearing, as well as the
gendered experiences of a wide variety of health care-providers and patients involved in clinical
encounters over the last two centuries. Intended for a multi-disciplinary cohort of students.
HIST 3327 Science, Medicine, and Health Care in Canada (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This course explores the history of health and health care in Canada, from the era of the First
Nations' initial contact with Europeans, to the present day. Topics include: Aboriginal and
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European conceptions of health and illness; the impact of western infectious diseases on First
Nations society; the health implications of rapid industrialization in the nineteenth century; the
role of the state in sanitary reform and public health; the emergence of the medical and nursing
professions; Canadian scientific research in medicine; the Canadian eugenics movement; and
the origins and development of universal health care in the twentieth century. Race, class,
gender, alternative medicine, and regional inequality will feature in small group discussions.
HIST 3331 The Canadian Worker to 1914 3 ch (3C) [W]
The working-class experience in the age of Canada's industrial revolution, focusing on the
transformation of the workplace and the rise of the labour question.
HIST 3332 The Canadian Worker since 1914 3 ch (3C) [W]
The working-class experience in Canada since the time of the Great War, focusing on the
changing relationships between labour, capital and the state.
HIST 3351 Growing up in Canada, 1800-1914 (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores various aspects of childhood and adolescence in Canada during the pre-First World
War period. Discusses changes over time and compares the Canadian experience to that of the
United States and Britain.
HIST 3352 Reform Movements: Seeking Change in Canada before the First World War 3 ch
(3C) [W]
Focuses on selected social and political movements. Considers the roles played by women as
well as men in such movements.
HIST 3355 Nature, Culture and the Canadian Environment (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the relationship of humans in their environment from the end of the last glacial
period to the late 20th century. Topics include the impact of climate on the development of
Canadian society, the evolution of human-animal relationships, changing ideas about nature,
and political discourse on and regulatory solutions to pollution and other forms of
environmental degradation.
HIST 3364 History of Canadian-American Relations (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Surveys the evolving relationship between Canada and the United States from the American
Revolution to the Free Trade Agreement. Stresses the twentieth century when Canada gained
autonomy over external affairs. Beside the major political and economic components of the
relationship, the course also examines cultural, social and environmental issues. Restriction:
Credit may not be obtained for both HIST 3364 and POLS 3242 (Canadian-American Relations).
HIST 3374 Native People and the State: From the Indian Act to the Royal 3 ch (3C) [W]
Commission on Aboriginal People (O)
Examines the complex relationship between Aboriginal peoples and the Canadian state from
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the mid-1800s to the present. Emphasizes Canadian attempts to assimilate Aboriginal peoples
and the means by which Aboriginal peoples have resisted these measures and sought to
preserve their collective identities. Topics include: the Indian Act, residential schools, the rise of
native political organizations, and the quest for Aboriginal rights and self-government.
HIST 3375 Removal, Allotment, Termination, Self-Determination: 3 ch (3C) [W]
American Indian Policy, 1824-2004 (O)
Examines the nature and evolution of American policies toward the Native peoples within its
borders. Topics include the forcible seizure of Indian lands through war, the treaties and the
creation of reserves, the drastic reduction of the reserves by the mid-20th century through
“allotment,” subsequent federal government attempts to end its trusteeship of Indian lands
and relocate Native people to the cities, and how – beginning in the 1960s – Native people
began to assert significant control over their lives and lands. Restriction: Not available for credit
to students who have taken HIST 3374.
HIST 3378 First Nations and Canadian Settler Society I: 3 ch (3C) [W]
Pre-Contact to the 1876 Indian Act (O)
Examines the complex relationship between First Nations and Canadian settler society,
including in New France, in British North America, and during the first years after
Confederation. Emphasizes the efforts of First Nations people to preserve their cultures and
independence in the face of an increasingly powerful colonial state. Topics include pre-contact
First Nation and European societies, early contact, the fur trade, treaties of peace and
friendship, the Royal Proclamation of 1763, land surrender treaties, and the policy of the
assimilation of First Nations people into Canadian settler society. Restriction: Not available for
credit to students who have taken HIST 3374.
HIST 3379 First Nations and Canadian Settler Society II: 3 ch (3C) [W]
The 1876 Indian Act to the 2008 Apology
for Residential Schools (O)
Examines the complex relationship between First Nations and Canadian settler society, and
emphasizes the federal government’s attempts to assimilate First Nations people into Canadian
settler society and the resistance by First Nations people to these efforts through such means
as court cases, protests, and cultural revitalization movements. Topics include the Indian Act
and subsequent amendments, Indian residential schools, government agricultural policies, First
Nations political organizations, the 1969 White Paper, the push for First Nations rights and selfgovernment, land claims, and the federal government’s apology for residential
schools. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST 3374.
HIST 4313 A History of Women in Canadian Society 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
A course in social history focusing on the changing roles of women in the public and private
spheres in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with special emphasis on the role of women
in the work force.
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HIST 4321 The World We Have Lost (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Studies the settlement, growth, economy, family and community life, and decline of the rural
community in eastern Canada and the Northeastern United States between 1750-1950.
HIST 4322 Canadian Business History (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Explores the development of a Canadian business community in the nineteenth and twentieth
centuries through examination of the pre-Confederation business system, the industrial
revolution, the role of business in Canadian development strategies, and the growth of big
business.
HIST 4323 The Family in North America (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores selected themes in the history of the North American family in the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries. Topics include demographic trends, courtship and marriage, household
and family structures, inheritance and the family economy, the gendered division of labour in
the home and the relationship between families and the state.
HIST 4341 History of the Atlantic Provinces to Confederation 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Surveys the region from before the advent of written records to its entry into Confederation. It
treats the impact of immigrant cultures, struggles for empire, the development of a cultural
mosaic, the emergence of distinctive provincial societies and the forces that led to union.
HIST 4342 History of the Atlantic Provinces after Confederation 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Surveys the history of the region from Confederation to the present day, with focus on the
vicissitudes of the Maritimes within Confederation and movements for social, economic and
political reform.
HIST 4351 New Brunswick, 1784-1860 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Emphasizes social and administrative history. Topics include the establishment of government
(especially administrative and legal systems); Loyalist, British, Acadian and Native interaction;
church-state relations; education and schooling; management of Crown lands and the
economy; family, household and society. (This course is recommended for students in the Law
in Society Program.)
HIST 4352 New Brunswick, 1860 to the Present 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Emphasizes the changing role of government in provincial life. Topics include the background of
Confederation; religion, language and education; transformations in local government; the
politics of railways, energy and highways; transfer payments and social welfare; the growth of
the provincial bureaucracy; and the emergence of Acadian and Native issues. (This course is
recommended for students in the Law in Society Program.)
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European History
HIST 3001 West Meets East in the Middle Ages, 1050-1450 (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines contact and conflict among the Latin Kingdoms of Europe, the Byzantine Empire and
the Islamic Empire. Considers the crusades, crusader states, the position of the Jews, and the
role of trade and intellectual development in the period.
HIST 3003 European Women, 1450-1800 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the condition of European women from the end of the Middle Ages till the onset of
industrialization. Concentrating on Italy, France and England, it considers particular cases as
well as general trends. Specific topics include: attitudes toward woman, women's education,
legal status, work and contribution to the economy, place in religion and the family and
alternatives to family life.
HIST 3005 Popes and Preachers, Saints and Sinners 3 ch (3S) [W]
The Catholic Religion in the Late Medieval and Early Modern Periods (O)
Examines the central role of religion in society and culture by comparing and contrasting two
interesting eras: the Late Middle Ages (1100 to 1300) and the Renaissance/CounterReformation period (1420 to 1600). The course compares and contrasts a variety of intriguing
features of religion and culture of the two periods: the worldview of the Italian people and their
beliefs about god, supernatural power, sacraments, saints, relics, pilgrimage, the devil, magic
and witchcraft; the church’s various efforts to shape these, mainly through preaching,
exorcisms, art and the Inquisitions; and the attempts of the popes to maintain political and
social control in the face of difficult and often diverse challenges. It will also examine the
relationship between the papacy and the Jews. Normally taught on location.
HIST 3006 The Protestant Reformation (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Considers the religious, social and political transformations of northern Europe, especially
Germany, in the sixteenth century. Emphasizes the various "Protestant" religious reform
movements and their relation to political developments, social unrest and popular revolt in the
sixteenth century.
HIST 3007 The Catholic Reformation (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the reform tradition within the Roman Catholic Church from the fourteenth century
to the French Revolution. Particular attention is paid to the Council of Trent, the new papal
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bureaucracy, charities and foreign missions. French examples are most frequently studied; the
course should interest students of New France as well as students of European history.
HIST 3011 European Imperialism, 1815-1940 (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the evolution of European imperialism in Africa and Asia from the end of the
Napoleonic Wars to the outbreak of the First World War. Topics to be covered include: causes
of the revival of imperialism; the French conquest of Algeria; British expansion in South Africa;
the evolution of British rule in India, French rule in Indochina, and Dutch rule in Indonesia; the
European powers and informal imperialism in China; the expansion of European control in
Africa; theories and practices of colonial rule; the role of explorers and missionaries; race,
gender, and class in colonial societies; the promotion of imperialism in popular culture; and
resistance to imperialism. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST
3008.
HIST 3012 European Imperialism, 1914-1975 (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the evolution of European imperialism after the outbreak of the First World War, and
ends with a detailed examination of post-1945 decolonization. Topics to be covered include:
the impact of the First World War on European empires; gender, race, and class relations in
colonial societies; cultures of imperialism in the 1920s and 1930s; the evolution of imperial
systems of control; the rise of anti-colonial nationalist movements; the impact of the Second
World War; counter-insurgency and colonial wars after 1945; the causes and dynamics of
decolonization; and the legacies of empire. Prerequisite: prior completion of HIST 3011 an asset
but not required. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST 3008.
HIST 3015 Racism in the West from Antiquity to the Enlightenment (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores how many populations, including the ancient Greeks, Romans, medieval and earlymodern Europeans, molded their particular identities by constructing negative images of the
“foreigner” or “other” based on perceived religious or ethnic differences. It examines in
particular the formation and dissemination of religious and racial stereotypes and the inflaming
of prejudicial passions that have led to violence. Particular emphasis is placed on the long
history of anti-semitism, and comparisons made with Byzantine and Muslim cultures. While it
will focus on the subject primarily as a historical problem, the course will be interdisciplinary in
approach, involving specialists from a range of disciplines.
HIST 3016 Racism in the West from the Enlightenment to Today (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Building upon HIST 3015 , this course explores how, in the era of the Scientific Revolution, the
Enlightenment, the growth of religious tolerance, the rise of nationalism, and the increasing
secularization of western society, racism and anti-semitism continued not only to spread, but to
be given a pseudo-scientific foundation, resulting in a variety of conspiracy theories and
ultimately leading to the horrific Holocaust and racial and ethnic cleansing of the twentieth
century. While it will focus on the subject primarily as a historical problem, the course will be
interdisciplinary in approach, involving specialists from a range of disciplines.
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HIST 3025 History and Sexuality: Europe and the World (O) 3ch (3c) [W]
Examines transnational themes in the history of sexualities, c. 1789 to the present. Topics
include the construction of homosexual, heterosexual, and inter-sexual identities; sexual violence
in war and genocide; the moral and legal regulation of prostitution, birth control, and the
medicalization of reproductive practice; and the construction of racialized sexual difference.
Considers the effects of such competing ideologies as capitalism, communism, fascism, and
imperialism on sexual life and examines the ways historians are writing local, national, and
global histories of the most intimate of practices.
HIST 3031 France in the Nineteenth Century: Struggles for Citizenship (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the history of France from the Napoleonic Era to the consolidation of the Third
Republic at the end of the nineteenth century. After reviewing the legacy of the Revolution,
traces the evolution of conflicting visions of the proper type of regime for France in their social,
economic and cultural contexts. The struggles of various elements of the French population for
the full rights of citizenship form a central theme of the course.
HIST 3033 France in the Twentieth Century (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the political, social, and cultural history of France during a century of upheaval. Topics
to be covered include the Dreyfus Affair; the First World War; culture and society between the
wars; the Great Depression and the era of the Popular Front; the rise of French fascism; the
Second World War and the Vichy regime; collaboration and resistance; postwar social and
cultural change; intellectuals and politics; the government of General de Gaulle; and recent
debates over immigration and identity. France’s role as a colonial and postcolonial power is also
a central theme in the course.
HIST 3055 The Generation of the Great War (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Offers a comprehensive introduction to the First World War, examining its causes, course, and
aftermath within a military, political and social context. It focuses on how the war was
experienced on both the war and home fronts, by soldiers and civilians alike.
HIST 3063 History of Modern Greece (Cross-Listed: CLAS 3463)
(O) 3ch (3C) [W]
An introductory survey course of the history of Modern Greece from the Greek War of
Independence in 1821 to the Second World War. Special attention is paid to events and themes
such as the Asia Minor Catastrophe in 1922 and the Greek Diaspora by utilizing literature and
other historical sources and documentaries in order to present the society, culture and politics of
Greece and gain a better understanding of the modern Greek identity. There are no prerequisites.
HIST 3065 The Generation of the Second World War (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Examines the Second World War from a social and political perspective and in an international
context. Topics to be covered include: the origins of the war in Europe and Asia, home fronts,
the experience of occupation, collaboration and resistance, wartime atrocities and genocide,
the diplomacy of the war, and the impact of the war on social relationships and political
systems in Europe and Asia.
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HIST 3085 Germany 1900-1945 (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Germany's domestic developments and external relations are examined with a view to
explaining why Germany was the central participant in a world war twice within a generation.
HIST 3095 The Germanies, 1945 to the Present (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
An examination of the division of Germany and of the two German states created in 1949.
HIST 3125 The Cold War: An International History (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the evolution of the Cold War from 1945 to 1991. Topics to be examined include: the
debate over the origins of the Cold War; the creation of opposing alliance systems in Europe;
the Asian dimensions of the Cold War; the significance of the Cold War for Africa and Latin
America; the rise and fall of détente; the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet
bloc. Attention is paid to the social and cultural impact of the Cold War.
HIST 3133 Rome: from the Baroque to the Modern Era 3 ch (3S) [W]
(1527 to the Present) (O)
Studies the impact of the Catholic Reformation on Baroque Rome, the end of Papal Rome with
the unification of the Italian nation, the urban expansion of the late nineteenth century, and
Rome's emergence as the capital of Mussolini's New Empire. The creation of the Vatican City
State is studied, and contemporary Roman life and politics will be experienced. Normally taught
on location.
HIST 3134 Romanticism and Revolution in Rome (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
As the decades of faith in Enlightenment reason gave way to the emotional backlash of the
Romantics, Rome provided a context for many of the aims of the new generation: the balance
between Classicism and Romanticism, between the ruins of civilization and the struggle for a
new political order, between nature and the imagination, between the past and the future.
Designed as an interdisciplinary exploration of these subjects as they manifested themselves in
late eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Rome, this course considers literature, music, art and
philosophy as forces of innovation that helped shape the experience of social and cultural
transformation. By visiting, seeing, reading and listening to the new styles of expression
embodied by Romanticism, we explore the political issues central to the new aesthetic that
inspired poets and patriots in Rome’s Revolution of 1848. Normally taught on location.
HIST 3135 Contemporary Italy (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the politics, society and culture of Italy from 1945 to the present. Normally taught on
location.
HIST 3136 Rome and the Papacy in the Age of Reformation (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Beginning with an examination of the late medieval and Renaissance papacy, this course
focuses on the role of the papacy in and its response to the Protestant and Catholic
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Reformations. The course gives special attention to Rome as the catalyst, locus and expression
of reform. Normally taught on location.
HIST 3203 Early Modern London (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Early modern London was an exceptional city in many ways and it played a unique and pivotal
part in the history of England, Europe and increasingly during this period, in a global context.
This is an advanced level course designed to explore the nature of London and Londoners from
1485-1714. Normally taught on location.
HIST 3215 Early Modern British History Part 1: 1485-1688 3 ch (3C) [W]
Surveys major governance, social and cultural themes of British history for the period 14851688. Explores religious, political, dynastic, economic, intellectual, and social transformations in
England (and, to a lesser extent, Wales, Scotland and Ireland) during the Tudor and Stuart eras.
Topics include: the rise of the Tudor state; the nature of English society; the English
Reformation; overseas exploration, trade, and settlement; the coming of the Stuart monarchy;
the Scientific Revolution; the Civil Wars and Interregnum; the Glorious Revolution. Not available
for credit to students who have taken HIST 3170 , 3202 , 3204 , or 3242 .
HIST 3216 Early Modern British History Part 2: 1688-1830 3 ch (3C) [W]
Surveys major governance, social and cultural themes of British history for the period 16881830. Explores religious, political, dynastic, economic, intellectual, and social transformations in
England, Scotland, and Ireland during the reign of Stuart and Hanoverian monarchs. Topics
include: the Glorious Revolution; the unions of England, Scotland, and Ireland; the
Enlightenment; industrialization; eighteenth-century politics; the quest for empire; the
American and French Revolutions; the Napoleonic Wars. Not available for credit to students
who have taken HIST 3170 or HIST 3242.
HIST 3226: Medicine and Society in the Early Modern British World (O) 3ch (3c) [W]
Examines the social history of health and medicine in the early modern British world, c. 1500 1800. Focuses on the relationship between medicine and society to explore how social, cultural,
intellectual, and political factors helped to shape experiences of health, illness, and healing in
early modern Britain and its Empire. The perspectives of patients will be considered alongside
those of practitioners in the investigation of topics such as: early modern notions of the body,
health, and environment; the role of religion, medical knowledge, authority, and the marketplace;
the nature of the patient-practitioner exchange; public health responses; military and imperial
medicine; the rise and function of medical institutions; medical ethics and professionalization.
Evaluates such topics in relation to both continuity and change over the course of three centuries.
HIST 4001 Heretics and Witches in Europe, 1350-1650 (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Examines popular religion and magic in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe and official
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efforts to transform "popular culture". Emphasizes the medieval inquisitions against heresy
(twelfth to fifteenth centuries) and especially the phenomenon of European witch-hunting
(fifteenth to seventeenth centuries). Explanations of the causes of the witch-hunt, its victims
and eventual decline are highlighted.
HIST 4002 Renaissance Society (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Studies society and culture in the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Europe. Focuses on
developments in art, ideas and education (humanism, the occult sciences and medicine),
commerce, familial and social relations, religious practice and cultural contacts with the "New
World".
HIST 4003 Women in Early Modern Atlantic World (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the ways in which the lives of women from Europe, Africa, and the Americas were
shaped by "Atlantic World" experiences from the sixteenth through early nineteenth centuries.
Considers how race and socio-economic/legal status influenced female experiences of
patriarchy, sexuality, work, and agency by placing them into the broader social, cultural,
political, and religious contexts of the early modern Atlantic World.
HIST 4006 The Mental World of Europeans, 1600-1800 (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W].
This course explores the fresh emphasis that early modern Europeans placed on learning, the
exploration of nature, and new critiques of the societies in which they lived. The Scientific
Revolution, social activism (such as the antislavery movement and early feminism), and the rise
of republicanism are examined in the light of contemporary thought and social currents.
HIST 4007 The French Revolution (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Analyses the nature of the French Revolution. Studies the successive political regimes but pays
particular attention to the social aspects of the Revolution, including the role of the crowd and
the sans-culottes movement, dechristianization, the redistribution of property, the Terror and
the White Terror.
HIST 4012 Home Fronts at War (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Foucses on the European home fronts of the First World War, a conflict George Kennan termed
the seminal catastrophe of the twentieth century. Historians increasingly refer to the First
World War as the first “total war”, as entire societies were scaled toward supporting the
massive armies on the fighting fronts. The course takes students deep into the everyday
experiences of European men and women on the home fronts.
HIST 4013 The Holocaust: Victims, Perpetrators, Bystanders (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Provides a thematic survey of the Nazi destruction of the European Jews. Examines the
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ideological underpinnings of the genocide, the policies leading up to and including the so-called
“Final Solution” of the “Jewish problem”, perpetrator motivations, Jewish responses to
persecution and survival strategies in the camps. Also explores how the Holocaust unfolded in
various European countries and the responses of nations, institutions and individuals to the
mass murder of the Jews. Concludes with an examination of the post-war trials of war criminals
and considers the definition of genocide after the Holocaust. Primary documents are discussed
in the lectures, and several on-going historiographical debates are examined during class
discussions.
HIST 4014 European Dictatorships (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
A comparative analysis of dictatorships in Europe, concentrating on the period 1914-1945.
Topics to be covered include: the roots of dictatorship; the Russian Revolution and the creation
of the Bolshevik regime; the rise of Italian Fascism; the Nazi seizure of power; Stalinism in the
Soviet Union; authoritarian regimes in Eastern and Mediterranean Europe; dictatorships during
the Second World War. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of authoritarian rule,
persecution under the dictatorships, and the experiences of ordinary people.
HIST 4015 The Origins of the Second World War (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the international history of the period between 1919 and 1941. Topics to be covered
include the Paris Peace Settlement of 1919; the attempt to rebuild the international system in
the 1920s; the impact of the Great Depression; the evolution of alliances in the 1930s; the role
of ideology in international relations; military and strategic influences on foreign policy; and the
significance of both intelligence-gathering and public opinion. The course focuses on the foreign
policies of Great Britain, France, Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, Japan, and the
United States.
HIST 4105 Italy in Twentieth Century (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
From the crisis of Liberal Italy in the First World War, this course studies the rise and decline of
Mussolini's Fascism and the establishment of the Christian Democratic hegemony after 1945.
The challenge of Italian Communism is examined as are the policies of the Vatican in the
twentieth century.
HIST 4241 Britain in the Age of Revolution, 1760-1832 (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Studies Great Britain and Ireland in the years of transition from the age of classicism and
aristocracy to the age of romanticism and liberal reform. Emphasizes social and political history
and the modernization of government.
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HIST 4242 Victorian Britain 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Examines the social, cultural, and political life of nineteenth-century Britain through such topics
as factory and environmental reform, education, unionization, missionary work, emancipation
of women, parliamentary reform, and imperial expansion.
HIST 4247 Eighteenth-Century British Society and Culture (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the changing meanings and representations of social status in Britain during the ‘long
eighteenth century,’ circa 1688-1832. Considers whether (and to what degree) Georgian Britons
may be regarded as “a polite and commercial people”. Topics include: rank and status; gender
roles; manners, politeness, and emulation; consumerism and consumption; mercantilism,
trade, and the pursuit of wealth; the ‘middling sort’ and the rise of the middle class;
urbanization and non-landed elites; early industrialization.
Far Eastern, African and Latin American History
HIST 3612 Africa in the Twentieth Century (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Studies Africa's intellectual and material response to colonialism; the development of PanAfricanism, anti-colonial organizations and agitations; and the response of settler and colonial
powers.
HIST 3615 History of Slavery 3 ch (3C) [W]
Studies ways in which Western slavery and emancipation were experienced, perceived,
explained, symbolized and related to European attitudes. Focuses on the lives of African slaves.
HIST 3635 The Cultural History of China (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Concentrates on the historical evolution of the Chinese culture. Discussion areas include: the
emergence of an early Chinese civilization; traditional China's social structure, economic
organization, political system, religion and philosophy, art and literature, science and medicine,
and material culture. Attention is also paid to China's encounter with the Indian civilization as
well as with the modern Western civilization.
History of Art and Music
HIST 3701 The Cultural Turn: Cultural Studies in Historical Context (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
(Cross-Listed: WLCS 3701)
Traces the history of cultural studies from its debated foundation through the Birmingham
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school in post-war Britain to its reshaping by post-Marxist, postmodernist, feminist,
postcolonial, and diasporic perspectives. Analyzes the key debates in cultural studies at the
onset of the twenty-first century, which include the field’s reorientation towards the study of
popular culture, activism through cultural politics, the politicization of knowledge and of the
academy, and “the cultural turn” of the humanities and social sciences.
HIST 3716 Renaissance Art (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Studies the art and architecture of Italy from the early fourteenth century to the middle of the
sixteenth century. Themes include the changing status of the artist, the uses of portraiture, and
the paragone (painting vs. sculpture) debate.
HIST 3725 Baroque Art and Culture in Rome (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores the art and culture of the seventeenth century, the Baroque, in Rome. Through visits
to churches, palaces, galleries, museums, and public spaces such as fountains, monuments and
piazzas, participants consider a range of key issues including artistic styles and techniques, the
display of religious belief, the assertion of social and political authority, the status of female
artists, and the representation of the body. Normally taught on location.
HIST 3729 Art Now (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Surveys contemporary visual culture produced in Europe and North America from 1950 until
the present day. Includes discussions of painting, printmaking, sculpture, architecture, and
photography, as well as conceptual, performance, installation, and body art.
HIST 3735 The History of Modern Art (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the development of painting, sculpture and architecture from 1863 until
approximately 1950 in Europe and the United States.
HIST 3736 Art for a Nation: Visualizing Twentieth-Century Canada 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the production, diffusion, and consumption of visual and material culture in Canada
from the end of the nineteenth century to the present day. Topics include the state’s use of art
for nation-building; modernity and antimodernism; indigenous self-representation and
sovereignty; the intersections of public history with cultural “difference” and racialization;
video art and cultural performance as a site of resistance; and the framing of the local through
artistic practice. From year to year, this course draws on such visual resources as the
permanent collection and temporary exhibitions of the Beaverbrook Art Gallery and
documentary film and video art.
HIST 3765 History of Music in Medieval and Renaissance Periods (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
(Cross-Listed: MUS 3765)
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Introduction to music between 800 and 1600, studying representative styles and putting this
music in a historical perspective.
HIST 3775 History of Music in the Late Baroque and Classical Period (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
(Cross-Listed: MUS 3775)
Begins with an examination of the stylistic background of music of the Baroque Period, and
follows the development of musical form and style through the late Baroque and Classical eras,
i.e., from c. 1700 - c. 1830. Some attention will be given to the role of the musician in the
context of the social history of the time.
HIST 3785 History of Music in the Romantic Era (A) (Cross-Listed: MUS 3785) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Traces musical development in nineteenth century Europe in its cultural-historical milieu,
mainly in France and Germany. Examines the development of the orchestra, and the French
and Austro-German contribution to that development, the role of nationalism in music and the
role of the opera.
HIST 3795 A History of Music in the Twentieth Century (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
(Cross-Listed: MUS 3785)
Begins with an examination of the Post-Romantic composers, particularly Mahler and Strauss.
Studies Debussy and the Impressionists, the Second Viennese School (Berg, Schoenberg,
Webern) and its impact on twentieth-century music and the tonalist composers of the first half
of the century. Examines music as an art form in North America.
HIST 3796 History of the Music Dramas of Richard Wagner (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
(Cross-Listed: MUS 3796)
An examination of the theoretical constructs behind Wagner's music dramas, the compositional
histories of some of the dramas of the 1840s, and then of the Ring Cycle itself. Some attention
will be given to the performance history of the dramas as well.
HIST 4705 Art, Tourism and Modernity 3 ch (3C) [W]
Considers the relationship between artistic practice, tourism, and modernity. Examines objects
of art and culture as they intersect with the structuring of social relations, such as those
between centre and periphery, First and Third Worlds, “developed” and “developing” areas,
metropolis and countryside. Makes significant use of historical film and contemporary video art
as visual resources. Note: a field trip may be required. Cost varies to a maximum of $30.
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History of Science
HIST 3905 History of the Physical Sciences (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores the Copernican and Newtonian Revolutions of the seventeenth century; the cultural
consequences of the moving earth and the conception of nature as a great machine; the new
world views of the twentieth century associated with the theory of relativity and the quantum
theory; and the political, social, and ethical impact of physics through electronics, computers,
and nuclear weaponry. Restriction: Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST
2905.
HIST 3915 Darwinism: Origins and Impact (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines emergence of evolutionary theory in western science with emphasis on Charles
Darwin and his predecessors Lamarck, Cuvier, and Lyell. Special attention is paid to the
religious, social and philosophical controversy surrounding the reception of the theory, and to
the theory's vindication in the twentieth century.
HIST 3925 Technology and Society (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines contemporary ideas about how technology shapes and is shaped by society and
culture, historically and today. Considers theories of technological determinism, technology and
religious thought, the role of innovation in industrialization and economic growth; the problems
of regulating risky technologies; the impact of Information Technology, and the shaping of
Canadian science and technology policy. Restriction: Not open to students who have taken HIST
2925.
HIST 3935 Science, Technology and Society Studies (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Surveys the important new field of "STS Studies", largely through case studies of contemporary
science. Topics include the constructivist view of science and the controversies over it; science
and gender; techno-scientific controversies and regulatory politics; science and
multiculturalism; and postmodernist analyses of science.
HIST 3965 Healing in Early Modern Europe (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines concepts and experience of disease and healing in Early Modern Europe; emphasizes
the social, political, philosophical and religious dimensions of the subject. Topics include
plagues and pandemics; astrology and alchemy as healing arts; the role of guilds, pharmacies
and hospitals; art and anatomy; dissection; early theories of infection; the professionalization of
surgery; chemical and herbal remedies; and faith-healing.
HIST 3975 History of the Life Sciences (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores the struggle between vitalistic and mechanistic conceptions of life in the development
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of biology, the emergence of evolutionary theory and its social and religious consequences, and
the technological influence of the life sciences on the rise of modern medicine and genetic
engineering. No scientific background expected. Restriction: Not available for credit to students
who have taken HIST 2915.
HIST 4905 Albert Einstein and the Twentieth Century (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Assesses Einstein's historical significance to twentieth century thought through an examination
of his career and personality and through a survey of his scientific, political, religious and
philosophical writings. Einstein's scientific work, especially the relativity theory, provides the
focus for a general examination of the twentieth century revolution in physical theory and of its
consequent political and philosophical impact. Stresses the conceptual rather than the technical
aspects of Einstein's science and no special background in physics is expected of the student.
Military History
HIST 3805 War Through Film (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines how selected themes in the history of war have been represented in both
documentary and dramatic films, how film has shaped our understanding of the nature of war,
and how it is used as an historical document by military historians.
HIST 3805 Master and Commander – Royal Navy History Through its Ships, 3 ch (3S) [W]
Museums and Archives (O)
This course introduces students to Royal Navy history through touring the surviving ships and
dockyards, study of naval artifacts in museums, and archival research. Tours will be supported
by a limited amount of classroom instruction in London. Normally taught on location.
HIST 3806 The Mediterranean in the Second World War: Strategic Crossroad 3 ch (3C) [W]
of a Global War (O)
Introduces the military and diplomatic history of the Second World War through an in-depth
look at the Mediterranean campaigns, intrigues and deception conducted by the Western Allies
against Italy and Germany. These campaigns in North Africa, Sicily, Italy and the Balkans
generated a mixture of tension and compromise between American, British and Russian
decision makers as well as the 27 separate contributing nations from Commonwealth Canada
and India to free Poland, France and lesser known Brazil and Palestine. Focuses on the
formulation of grand strategy, the links between civil and military war objectives, the problems
of multi-national coalition warfare, and the planning and execution of combat operations in
some of the most difficult and rugged terrain of the war.
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HIST 3810 The Second World War in Italy (O) 6 ch (6S) [W]
This team-taught course explores the rise of Fascist Italy, its alliance with Nazi Germany and the
bitter struggle waged against them by the Allies and anti-fascist Italians from 1943-45. Will be
taught on location throughout Italy, and centres on visiting historic sites, monuments and
battlefields. Italy's unique geography made the campaign especially difficult for its participants
and provides students with the subject for much of their study. Although the course addresses
the campaign as a whole, special attention is paid to the highly successful, yet little-known,
Canadian contribution to the battles at Ortona, the Liri Valley and the Gothic Line.
HIST 3811 Unconventional War in the Modern World (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This course explores the rise to prominence of unconventional warfare since 1945. It discusses
the reasons for dominance of these forms of warfare and the implications of it for
governments, military forces and civilian populations. The course introduces students to the
concepts of revolutionary war, guerrilla warfare, terrorism, covert action, and counterinsurgency, the theories and their theorists. These themes will be illustrated through a series of
case studies, from the insurgencies of the post-1945 anti-colonial period to the ethnic conflicts
and genocides of the post-Cold War era.
HIST 3812 War and Diplomacy in the Middle East, 1914-84 (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the sources and conduct of warfare in the modern Middle East from the First World
War to the Persian Gulf Conflict, against the background of emerging nationalism and new
states, and great power intervention and diplomacy.
HIST 3814 Conventional War since 1945 (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This course examines the causes, conduct, and consequences of the major conventional wars
fought since 1945. It will explain reasons for the shift of war from Europe to the non-European
world; changes in the way war has been conducted, with particular emphasis on technological
change and the impact on the battlefield and on non-combatants; and changes in the way
military forces are created, commanded and used. These themes will be illustrated through a
series of case studies from the Korean War to the war in Iraq.
HIST 3825 The Nature and Limits of Military Power, 1500-2000 3 ch (3C) [W]
Explores the uses, abuses and development of military power within Western society since
1500. Focuses on how military power is shaped and limited by the technological, social,
political, ideological and economic factors of the day. Restriction: Credit will not be given for
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both HIST 1004 and HIST 3825; and this course is not available for credit to students who have
taken HIST 2825.
HIST 3835 Canada and the Experience of War, 1600-2000 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines how Canadian history has been shaped by military action or the threat of it. Studies
Canada as a battleground for European empires in the colonial period, later as an element of
British imperial defence policy against the United States., and finally Canada's emergence as an
independent player in the major conflicts of the twentieth century. Restriction: Not available
for credit to students who have taken HIST 2835.
HIST 3845 The Navy as an Instrument of Canadian Foreign Policy since 1910 (O) 3ch (3C)
[W]
Describes the manner in which the Royal Canadian Navy, and its manifestation as the Maritime
Command of the Canadian Armed Forces, has supported Canadian foreign policy – its successes
and its shortcomings – in the century since it was formed.
HIST 4801 War and Society in the Age of Black Powder, 1550-1865 (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Examines the nature of warfare in Europe and North America in the Early Modern period.
HIST 4802 Sea Power and the Rise and Fall of the British Empire (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Surveys the dynamic of commerce, democracy, geography and naval power in the history of the
British Empire from the discovery of Newfoundland to the withdrawal from Hong Kong.
HIST 4803 The First World War (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
A military history of the First World War, relating events on the various fronts to their social,
political and strategic contexts and looking at tactical, technological and doctrinal
developments in the use of arms.
HIST 4804 The Second World War: The Sea, Land, and Air Campaigns (O) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Examines the campaigns, their technical and tactical developments, and principal personalities.
HIST 4807 History of the Canadian Forces, 1867-1953 (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
After sketching the period of British military responsibility, this course traces the development
of Canadian defence policy and the emergence of Canada’s military forces from Confederation
to the Korean War. The primary focus of the course is on the way in which hastily mobilized
citizen armies fought the two world wars of the twentieth century and developed a high degree
of professionalism in the process.
HIST 4808 History of the Canadian Forces, 1953-Present (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
This course traces the evolution of Canadian defence policy and the Canadian Forces through
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the Cold War and its aftermath. Special attention is paid to Canada’s role in conflict zones
around the world as part of the United Nations, NATO and other international coalitions, and to
the often vexed relationship between Canada and its professional Armed Forces
HIST 4815 Seapower and Empires, 1400-1850 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
The use of seapower as an instrument of state policy during the period 1500 to ca. 1850.
Examines institutional, theoretical, economic, political, social, and technological factors that
shaped seapower over the period, with particular attention to Britain's experience.
HIST 4825 Seapower and World Wars 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Focuses on the use of seapower and navies as instruments of state policy in the modern world
since 1850. Emphasis will be placed on technological, political and strategic use of the sea in
peace and war, with particular concentration on the use of seapower in the two world wars of
the twentieth century.
HIST 4835 Soldiering Through the Ages (A) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Examines the military experience of the soldier from the Greek hoplite to the modern warrior.
Focuses on such subjects as recruitment, training and preparation for battle and wartime
experience, through the vast primary literature that chronicles the life of the soldier.
HIST 4841 The Spy in History: Intelligence in War and Diplomacy (A) 3 ch (2C 1T) [W]
Examines the growth and function of national intelligence communities in Britain, the United
States, and the Soviet Union in the twentieth century. Explores the tradecrafts of intelligence
and its impact on decision-makers, on military operations, and on diplomacy.
HIST 4851 Law and War (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines legal restraints on armed combat since circa 1500. Explores, among other topics, the
recent influence of international legal regimens on military strategy, on land, sea and air action,
and on peace-keeping.
HIST 4852 International Governance: The League of Nations and the 3 ch (3C) [W]
United Nations (O)
The darkest days of the twentieth century concentrated attention on the need for a better way
of managing international conflict. This course will study the origins and history of the League
and the UN from the 1920s to the 2008 Iraq crisis, with attention given to sanctions, peacekeeping and peace-making.
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HIST 4861 Terrorism in History (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
This course examines the use of terrorism as an agent of political change and repression in
history. It introduces students to the debates over the definition and nature of terrorism and
over the causes of the phenomenon. It explores the use of terrorism by institutional and state
apparatus and by non-state groups, and the theories and theorists which underpinned its use.
The course also discusses the impact on victims and societies, and efforts by nation-states and
the international community to deal with the issue. Cases used to illustrate the course themes
will cover the span of history, but will concentrate primarily on the 20th century.
Directed Readings and Practicums
HIST 3550 Directed Reading Course/Practicum 6 ch (3C) [W]
A detailed study of a specific historical topic. Working under the direction of a member of the
Department or an associate of the Department, the student will complete directed readings,
written assignments and/or practicum requirements. Prerequisites: permission of the instructor
and the Department.
HIST 3554 Directed Reading Courses/Practicum 3 ch (3C) [W]
A detailed study of a specific historical topic. Working under the direction of a member of the
Department or an associate of the Department, the student will complete directed readings,
written assignments and/or practicum requirements.Prerequisites: permission of the instructor
and the Department.
HIST 4550 Directed Reading Courses/Practicum 6 ch (3C) [W]
A detailed study of a specific historical topic. Working under the direction of a member of the
Department or an associate of the Department, the student will complete directed readings,
written assignments and/or practicum requirements.Prerequisites: permission of the instructor
and the Department.
HIST 4554 Directed Reading Course/Practicum 3 ch (3C) [W]
A detailed study of a specific historical topic. Working under the direction of a member of the
Department or an associate of the Department, the student will complete directed readings,
written assignments and/or practicum requirements. Prerequisites: permission of the instructor
and the Department.
HIST 5550 Directed Reading Course/Practicum 6 ch (3C) [W]
A detailed study of a specific historical topic. Working under direction of a member of the
Department or an associate of the Department, the student will complete directed readings,
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written assignments and/or practicum requirements. Prerequisites: permission of the instructor
and the Department.
HIST 5554 Directed Reading Course/Practicum 3 ch (3C) [W]
A detailed study of a specific historical topic. Working under the direction of a member of the
Department or an associate of the Department, the student will complete directed readings,
written assignments and/or practicum requirements. Prerequisites: permission of the instructor
and the Department.
Honours Seminars
HIST 5005 Diplomatic History, 1929-1914 (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the history of international relations in the decade preceding the Second World War.
Particular attention is paid to the social, economic and cultural impact of the Great Depression
on the shaping of national foreign policies.
HIST 5007 Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth-Century Europe (O) 3ch (3S) [W]
Discusses themes and theories in the history of gender and sexuality in twentieth-century Europe.
Examines such topics as “deviant” sexualities at the fin-de-siècle; gender upheaval in the First
World War; the “New Woman” of the 1920s; gender and race in Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy;
sexual violence in war and genocide; the evolution of the homosexual rights movement;
prostitution and the international sex trade; and debates over birth control and maternalism in
modern society.
HIST 5011 Reform and Revolt in Europe, 1500-1555 (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the motives behind and relationships between the various movements of reform and
popular revolt which convulsed Northern Europe in the sixteenth century. Topics include the
learned reform proposals of Erasmus of Rotterdam, Martin Luther and Jean Calvin; the
transmission of ideas in the sixteenth century; the rise of popular movements of reform; the
role of women in early reform agitation; the Peasants' Revolt of 1524-26; the beliefs of the
radical reformers (Anabaptists and Spiritualists) and their suppression; the rise of Catholic
Counter-Reformation movements; and the political developments leading to the Peace of
Augsburg in 1555. Not available for credit to students who have taken HIST 5010.
HIST 5012 The Late Reformation and the Rise of Witch-hunting 3 ch (3S) [W}
in Europe, 1550-1648 (A)
Focuses on the broader effects of the European Reformation(s) upon religion, society and the
beliefs and practices of people in the second half of the sixteenth century. Examines in
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particular the relationship between the religious changes and conflict of the Reformation and
developments in the governance and regulation of religion, views about women, new ideas
about science and magic, the increase in the fear of the devil, and the rise of witch-hunting. Not
available for credit to students who have taken HIST 5010 .
HIST 5028 Fascism (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the rise of fascist movements and the development of fascist regimes in twentiethcentury Europe. Topics to be covered include: the social and cultural roots of fascism, the
impact of the First World War, the structures of dictatorship, society and culture under the
fascist regimes, racial policy, foreign policy and war, and neo-fascism after 1945. While the
course pays particular attention to Italian Fascism and German Nazism, other movements and
regimes will be considered. Students who have taken HIST 5026 and HIST 5027 may not take
this seminar for credit.
HIST 5029 Issues in Contemporary Italy (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Students explore topics and issues in the politics, society and culture of contemporary Italy
through study in Rome and meeting representative Italians from various walks of life. Normally
restricted to History Honours students and students from other Honours programs. Normally
taught on location.
HIST 5032 France, 1870-1970 (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines selected topics in modern French history. Possible topics include: the Third Republic
and its enemies; the nature of the French colonial empire; political polarization; the status of
women and the feminist movement; the impact of the First World War; immigration,
xenophobia, and racialist thought; social and cultural transformations; the Second World War;
the Vichy Regime; the Resistance; post-Second World War reconstruction; France and the Cold
War; Sartre, de Beauvoir, and intellectual engagement; decolonization and the wars in
Indochina and Algeria; the Gaullist regime; the upheavals of 1968.
HIST 5035 The Holocaust (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
A study of "the Final Solution to the Jewish Problem", the program of genocide developed by
German National Socialists against the Jews of Europe from 1933 to 1945.
HIST 5102 The Mental World of Europeans, 1300-1600 (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the "mental world" of late medieval/early modern Europeans using the most recent
research in the field. Introduces students to the latest studies of popular culture, mentalité, and
the "new social history", as applied to Europe. Topics of interest include: the debate over
popular vs. elite culture; the universe as conceived by both learned and unlearned; the
differences between "popular" Christianity and official religion; the relationship between
magic, religion and science; beliefs about illness, health and medicine; views of death and the
afterlife; and others.
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HIST 5103 Gender, Race, and Disease in the Early Modern Atlantic 3 ch (3S) [W]
History (O)
Investigates early modern gender, race and disease through the movements, interactions, and
exchanges between peoples of the Atlantic World (specifically, Europe, Africa, and the
Americas) during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Themes include: disease and “the
body”; climates and geographies of ill health; trade, empire, and disease environments;
constitution, complexion and "race"; gender and sexuality.
HIST 5200 Themes in Tudor and Stuart History 6 ch (3S) [W]
Concentrates on aspects of the reigns of Henry VIII, Elizabeth and/or Charles I.
HIST 5104 Atlantic Revolutions, 1763-1848 (O) 3ch (3S) [W]
Between 1763 and 1848 social and political upheavals – including the American Revolution, the
French Revolution, the Haitian Revolution, and revolutions in the Spanish and Portuguese
Empires – shook the Atlantic World. Slave revolts in the Caribbean and North America fed
debates on slavery, and reformers in British North America debated local democracy and
responsible government. This course focuses on the revolutions and reform movements that
transformed the Americas, the imperial circumstances that engendered them, and the diverse
communities and constituencies that shaped them and were in turn shaped by them: rebels and
loyalists, reformers and conservatives, indigenous nations, and enslaved Africans and their
descendants.
HIST 5275 Health and Medicine in Early Modern England (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Investigates the social, intellectual, and economic dimensions of early modern English health
and medicine, circa 1500-1800. Themes include: knowledge and practice; medical expertise (lay
and commercial); the medical marketplace; patient-doctor relationships; the role of the
hospital. Considers how factors such as age, gender, and socio-economic status, as well as
family and community, shaped various aspects of health and healthcare in England from the
sixteenth through eighteenth centuries.
HIST 5312 Native Peoples and Canadian and American 3 ch (3S) [W]
State Policy, 1824-1982 (O)
Examines the different ways in which the Canadian and American governments have attempted
to deal with Native peoples living inside their borders. Particular attention is paid to the
ideological underpinnings of government policy, the various legislative acts defining the
relationship between the immigrant societies and Native peoples, and the responses of Native
peoples to government initiatives.
HIST 5330 Class, Gender, and Region in Atlantic Canada (A) 6 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the forces that have shaped the history of the region since Confederation and
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explores how the people of Atlantic Canada have responded to the problem of regional
underdevelopment.
HIST 5331 Film and History in Canada (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the uses of visual history in the representation and popularization of the Canadian
past. Case studies involve both documentary and feature productions from several periods in
the history of Canadian film.
HIST 5332 History of Labour in New Brunswick (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the history of the labour question in New Brunswick. Places the provincial experience
in the context of national and international labour and working-class history.
HIST 5335 A History of Canadian Left 3 ch (3S) [W]
A course in social, political and intellectual history examining the history of the left in Canada
from the eighteenth century to the present. Topics include the origins of the radical tradition,
utopian and cooperative reform, early socialism and feminism, the Communist Party, the
Cooperative Commonwealth Federation, the New Democratic Party, the New Left and other
alternatives.
HIST 5342 Environmental History of North America (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the interaction of the peoples of Canada and the United States with the natural
environment. Topics include the theory and methodology of environmental history, changing
patterns of land use, resource depletion and industrial migration, the environmental
implications of urbanization, and the intellectual and institutional development of the
conservation/environmental movement.
HIST 5345 Natural Resources, Industrialization and the Environment 3 ch (3S) [W]
in Atlantic Canada (A)
Explores the political, economic and environmental implications of the dependence on natural
resources in Atlantic Canada, through an examination of the historical development of the
forest, fishing, agricultural and mining industries from the eighteenth century to the postSecond World War period.
HIST 5352 Schooling and Scholars in Nineteenth-Century Canada (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Focuses on the world of students and their teachers during the nineteenth century. Changes in
education, which influenced the development of the modern system, will be situated within the
broader context of change in Canadian society. Topics include the feminization of teaching;
teacher training; curriculum; the relationship between school attendance patterns and such
factors as sex, age, geographic location and parents' occupations; and the emergence of free
and compulsory education.
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HIST 5353 Canadian Women’s History (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
This seminar is designed to encourage students to think about relevant topics and approaches
to the history of women in Canada. Using both primary and secondary materials, the seminar
focuses on themes drawn from the 19th and 20th century. Themes include, but are not limited
to: major approaches to Canadian women’s history; historiography; women’s work and family
lives; women and politics, migration/immigration; aboriginal women’s lives; women’s
experiences of war; social reform movements; women in professions; women and health;
feminism.
HIST 5381 Health and Disease in Historical Perspective (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Focuses on nineteenth and twentieth century understandings of health and disease in North
America. Stresses how gender, class, race/ethnicity affect historical understandings of disease.
HIST 5388 Understanding the Virtual Past; Making Digital History (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Introduces students to the emerging fields of digital history and virtual museum studies by
combining theoretical readings with practical content on the creation and maintenance of
digital archives and web design. At the end of this course students will be familiar with the ways
in which historical documents, artifacts and other materials can be framed and reframed
digitally to allow for new readings and interactions between them. Depending on enrollments
from year to year, this course will have students digitize historical sources; create interactive
websites; and prepare written assignments on the digitization process and the ways in which
new media create and shape historical consciousness.
HIST 5403 The Loyalists 3 ch (3S) [W]
Studies the Loyalists during the American Revolution and in exile in British North America,
Great Britain, Sierra Leone, Bermuda, the Bahamas, the British West Indies and Central
America. Also considers their long-term political and social role particularly in Canada, including
the Loyalist myth. One week devoted to local Loyalist remains, such as houses, and museum
and art gallery holdings.
HIST 5445 The United States in the Progressive Era, 1890-1920 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines themes in the history of the United States at the turn of the nineteenth century,
including the development of Populism, Progressivism, imperialism, anti-imperialism, and the
impact of America's entry into the First World War. Explores the social, cultural, and political
consequences of industrialization and modernization. Prerequisite: HIST 2404 or permission of
instructor.
HIST 5475 Modernist Manhattan (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Explores the innovations and institutions that made New York City the epicentre of North
American modernism. Considers a range of cultural products and processes, including
bohemianism, literary and visual culture, the cross-fertilization of "black" and "white" forms
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and traditions, improvisation and the jazz scene, the grounding of critical authority, the politics
of authenticity, and the interplay between the avant-garde and the popular.
HIST 5702 Folk-Mass-Popular: Locating Culture in the Shadow of Capital (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the historical debates surrounding such key terms in cultural studies as “folk,”
“mass,” and “popular” culture, through the lens of late-capitalist visual cultural production and
cultural politics. Analyzes the modern implications of folk culture’s invention through Western
European philosophy and its historical ties to Romantic nationalism; the creation of mass
culture as a commodity form through the modern and global culture industries; and the
modern and contemporary framing of popular culture as a contested terrain between state and
corporate domination, subaltern resistance, and integral component of everyday life.
HIST 5725 The Art of Public History (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the concept of “public history” as the work that history professionals engage in
outside the academy. Each year, this course will focus on a particular aspect of the intersection
of public history with disciplinary knowledge and cultural institutions. Topics covered from year
to year include the historical development of the modern public museum; the relationship
between non-Western cultural production and Western cultural institutions; the modern
tourism and heritage industries; and video and performance art as a site of social activism.
Note: a field trip may be required. Cost varies to a maximum of $50.
HIST 5735 Historians and the Visual (O) 3 ch (3C) [W]
Considers how historians can use visual materials, such as prints, photographs, paintings, and
advertisements, in their research. Students will both discover and evaluate different methods
of visual investigation, including content analysis, formal analysis, iconography, and semiotics.
Readings will be drawn from the realms of social, cultural, military, material, art, medical,
women's, and gender history.
HIST 5800 War: Themes and Theorists 6 ch (3S) [W]
An in-depth look at the major developments in the theory and practice of war since the
fifteenth century. Examines important theorists from Machiavelli to Kahn and such major
themes as command, the industrialization of war, logistics and the impact of changing social
and political patterns.
HIST 5803 The First World War (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Reviews the key points of controversy surrounding the origins, personalities and conduct of the
war on the Western Front. Particular attention will be paid to the role of the British
Expeditionary Force, of which the Canadian Expeditionary Force was an increasingly important
part.
HIST 5804 The Second World War (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines key events and issues of the military campaigns of the Second World War, and
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wrestles with how historians and writers of memoirs have portrayed them. Provides a survey of
the major historical problems surrounding the conduct of the war, including: the collapse of the
West, the German invasion of Russia, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour, area bombing,
Normandy, and the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
HIST 5805 Seapower 3 ch (3S) [W]
Themes in naval history. Uses selected problems to explore the role of naval power in shaping
the modern world
HIST 5812 Themes of War and Diplomacy in the Modern Middle East (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Explores major themes relating to the history of war and diplomacy in the region in the
twentieth century, including Zionism, pan-Arabism, decolonization, the super powers, the
Palestinians, and fundamentalist Islam.
HIST 5815 The Study of War since 1945 (A) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the conduct of war since 1945 through an exploration of the literature on war in
theory and practice. Course will focus on the interaction of strategic theory and doctrine,
technology, and society in conventional and revolutionary war.
HIST 5900 The Nature of History 6 ch (3S) [W]
This course is compulsory for third year Single Honours students. It offers an introduction to the
nature of the historical discipline, examining questions related to the philosophy of history,
research skills and techniques, the history of historical thought and the application of history in
the community. Double Honours students may participate in the course but may not count it as
one of their required history courses. Open to History Honours students only.
HIST 5910 Fourth Year Reading/Research 6 ch (R) [W]
A reading research course for fourth year students to be supervised by a professor with whom
the student is enrolled in a 3 or 6 ch seminar. The supervisor's permission must be obtained
prior to 1 October. This course is for fourth year students who are enrolled in at least 12 ch of
seminars.
HIST 5920 Honours Thesis 6 ch (R) [W]
A reading and research course open to exceptional Honours students in their fourth year which
should be used to produce an Honours Thesis. Permission to take this course must be sought
from the professor in the desired field and the project must be approved by the Department.
This course may be used as an alternative to a seminar in the fourth year. It requires a CGPA of
at least 3.6 in History courses for admission.
HIST 5925 Evolutionary Ideas in Modern Thought (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Examines the emergence of evolutionary ideas in western culture with an emphasis on Darwin
and his predecessors, and with some attention to subsequent scientific debates over the
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mechanism of evolution. Primary emphasis is on the impact of evolutionary thinking on religion,
philosophy, political and social thought, and ideas of race in the nineteenth and twentieth
centuries.
HIST 5945 The Cultural Origins of Science (O) 3 ch (3S) [W]
Why did the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century occur in Western Europe and not
in China, the Islamic World or the Greco-Roman period? What was the Scientific Revolution and
its cause? The course explores these vexed questions through the historiography on the
Scientific Revolution, its medieval and Renaissance background, and the context of natural
philosophy in other cultures.
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