Appendix 1: Confirmatory factor analysis path diagrams
Path diagram 1: Unidimensional (14 items; excluding item 3)
Path diagram 2: Unidimensional (13 items; excluding items 3 & 13)
.22
.22
e1
scir1
.14
scir2
.13
.22
e2
scir2
.22
e3
scir4
e1
scir1
e2
.24
e3
scir4
.47
.43
.37
.46
.47
e5
scir6
.65
.31
.47
.22
.45
.51
e7
scir8
.18
.42
e8
scir9
.23
.45
.21
.19
.45
Self-Care
.48
e9
scir10
.10
.31
e8
scir9
e6
scir7
.69
.18
.42
.47
.66
e7
scir8
e5
scir6
.50
.10
.69
.43
.47
e6
scir7
e4
scir5
.36
.47
.49
Self-Care
.25
e4
scir5
.51
e11
scir12
.20
.45
.26
.34
.34
e9
scir10
e10
scir11
e10
scir11
.26
.04
e11
scir12
scir13
e12
.20
.20
scir14
scir14
e13
e13
.11
.12
scir15
e14
The path diagram shows that the majority of the items intended to make up the single
factor SCI-R scale load at an acceptable level (except items 8, 13 and 15 which load
<0.40). The RMSEA (.111), CFI (.663) and significant chi-square (412.493, p<0.001)
suggest that the model is not a good fit to the data.
scir15
e14
The path diagram shows that the majority of the items intended to make up the single
factor SCI-R scale load at an acceptable level (except items 2, 8 and 15 which load
<0.40). The RMSEA (.118), CFI (.670) and significant chi-square (385.36, p<0.001)
suggest that the model is not a good fit to the data
1
Path diagram 3: Unidimensional (12 items; excluding item 3, 13 & 15)
Path diagram 4: 2-factor model (15 items; including item 3)
.22
.20
scir1
e1
scir1
e1
.13
.12
e2
scir2
e2
scir2
.22
.23
e3
scir4
.24
.37
.46
.47
.69
.48
Active management
.43
.67
e6
scir7
.10
.45
.18
.46
.34
.18
e9
scir10
.20
e8
scir9
.20
e11
scir14
e9
scir10
e10
scir11
.77
.21
.43
.51
.23
e7
scir8
.42
e8
scir9
.45
.30
e7
scir8
.48
.09
.70
e6
scir7
.32
.49
.51
Self-Care
e5
scir6
e5
scir6
.66
.45
.35
.43
.49
e4
scir5
e4
scir5
.26
.45
e3
scir4
.47
.12
.18
.44
e12
scir15
e10
scir11
.01
.26
scir3
Preventative routine
.19
scir14
.11
e11
scir12
.66
The path diagram shows that the majority of the items intended to make up the single
factor SCI-R scale load at an acceptable level (except items 2, and 8 which load
<0.40). The RMSEA (.125), CFI (.677) and significant chi-square (349.02, p<0.001)
suggest that the model is not a good fit to the data
e14
scir12
.24
e12
e13
.43
.06
scir13
e15
The path diagram shows that the majority of the items intended to make up a 2-factor
SCI-R scale load at an acceptable level (except items 8, 15, 3 and 13) which load
<0.40). The RMSEA (.104), CFI (.662) and significant chi-square (427.50, p<0.001)
suggest that the model is not a good fit to the data
2
Path diagram 5: 2-factor model (15 items; including item 3)
Path diagram 6: 2-factor model (13 items; excluding items 3 & 13)
.22
.22
e1
scir1
e1
scir1
.14
.13
e2
scir2
e2
scir2
.21
.22
.47
.24
.47
.43
.49
.48
.34
.48
e7
scir10
e5
scir6
.47
.69
.23
.45
.43
.66
Glycemic control
e6
scir7
e4
scir5
.50
.47
.69
.25
.47
e5
scir6
.66
e3
scir4
.36
e4
scir5
.46
Glycemic control
e3
scir4
.37
e6
scir7
.23
.45
.20
.34
e7
scir10
e8
scir11
.20
.12
e8
scir11
e9
scir15
.97
.11
.01
e10
scir3
e9
scir15
1.00
.10
e11
scir8
.10
.09
.19
.32
.44
.18
.31
.27
Other items
e11
scir8
e12
scir9
.52
.20
scir12
.26
.04
.46
Other items
e14
scir13
.51
.45
scir12
.21
scir14
e12
scir9
.42
e13
e13
.20
e15
The path diagram shows that the majority of the items intended to make up a 2-factor
SCI-R scale load at an acceptable level (except items 2, 15, 3, 8 and 13) which load
<0.40). The RMSEA (.104), CFI (.660) and significant chi-square (429.53, p<0.001)
suggest that the model is not a good fit to the data
scir14
e15
The path diagram shows that the majority of the items intended to make up a 2-factor
SCI-R scale load at an acceptable level (except items 2, 15 and 8) which load <0.40).
The RMSEA (.119), CFI (.669) and significant chi-square (385.36, p<0.001) suggest
3
that the model is not a good fit to the data
4
Appendix 2: Known-groups validity
Treatment
Diabetes duration
HbA1c
Complications
algorithm+
SCI-R
≤16 years
>16 years
≤7.5
(58mmol/
mol)
n
>7.5
Algorithm
Algorithm
1
2
(58mmol/
Present
Absent
mol)
179
173
116
236
188
165
246
106
4.02
4.51
4.52
4.14
4.22
4.31
4.33
4.12
(1.0)
(0.7)***
(0.8)
(1.0)**
(0.9)
(0.9)
(0.9)
(1.1)
3.60
4.12
4.09
3.75
3.77
3.95
3.93
3.69
(1.4)
(1.1)**
(1.3)
(1.3)*
(1.4)
(1.3)
(1.3)
(1.4)
4.79
4.83
4.84
4.79
4.77
4.86
4.80
4.82
(0.6)
(0.5)
(0.6)
(0.6)
(0.7)
(0.4)
(0.6)
(0.5)
4.60
4.60
4.73
4.54
4.62
4.58
4.57
4.67
(0.6)
(0.7)
(0.5)
(0.7)**
(0.7)
(0.6)
(0.7)
(0.5)
3.72
3.83
3.83
3.75
3.75
3.80
3.75
3.83
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
3.82
4.02
4.13
3.82
3.87
3.98
3.90
3.97
(0.9)
(0.7)*
(0.7)
(0.9)**
(0.9)
(0.8)
(0.9)
(0.8)
1.49
1.70
1.56
1.61
1.58
1.61
1.62
1.52
1. Check blood glucose with monitor
2. Record blood glucose
4. Correct dosage of pills/insulin
5. Take pills/insulin at correct time
6. Correct food portions
7. Meals/snacks eaten on time
8. Keep food records
5
(0.9)
(1.1)*
(1.0)
(1.0)
(1.0)
(1.0)
(1.0)
(0.9)
2.95
3.30
3.22
3.08
3.05
3.21
3.11
3.16
(1.4)
(1.3)*
(1.5)
(1.3)
(1.4)
(1.3)
(1.4)
(1.4)
3.44
3.69
3.75
3.49
3.54
3.61
3.58
3.55
(1.3)
(1.2)
(1.2)
(1.3)
(1.2)
(1.3)
(1.2)
(1.3)
3.72
3.85
3.96
3.70
3.73
3.85
3.80
3.74
(1.5)
(1.5)
(1.4)
(1.4)
(1.5)
(1.4)
(1.5)
(1.5)
4.82
4.90
4.95
4.82
4.87
4.85
4.85
4.88
(0.5)
(0.4)
(0.2)
(0.6)*
(0.5)
(0.4)
(0.5)
(0.4)
2.04
2.27
2.25
2.11
2.12
2.19
2.16
2.13
(1.7)
(1.7)
(1.8)
(1.7)
(1.7)
(1.7)
(1.7)
(1.7)
3.41
3.29
3.40
3.32
3.39
3.31
3.31
3.45
(1.1)
(1.1)
(1.0)
(1.1)
(1.1)
(1.1)
(1.1)
(1.1)
3.28
3.47
3.35
3.39
3.40
3.35
3.30
3.58
(1.5)
(1.4)
(1.5)
(1.4)
(1.4)
(1.4)
(1.4)
(1.3)
67.00
71.00
72.00
68.00
68.00
70.00
69.00
69.00
(13.0)
(12.2)***
(10.8)
(13.5)*
(13.5)
(12.0)
(13.3)
(11.8)
9. Read food labels
10. Recommended carbs
11. Carry quick acting sugar
12. Attend clinic appointments
13. Wear medic alert
14. Exercise
15. Adjust insulin dosage
SCI-R Total Score
Data are mean (standard deviation)
+ Algorithm 1 (fixed insulin doses) of the original protocol; Algorithm 2 (self-titration) regardless of insulin type
*p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001 (Mann Whitney U-Tests)
6
7