Intro to Utilities
A survey of useful commands not located in
one chapter of your text (but can be found in
Ch3 of Sobell, A practical guide to Linux).
Consult Forouzan Ch1 and your appendix
for more info.
Review
• Passwords
• Logging out
• Basic Commands
To Make a Good Password

A good password
– Easily remembered by YOU
– Difficult to be guessed by others

Tricks to make a good password
– Pick letters from a sentence
 I love Unix  Ioenx
– Pick letters, numbers, and symbols that
sound, look like, or replace a phrase
 I hate carrots!  ih8^s!

A bad password not only harms you
– Attacks are much easier with a compromised
account on a computer
Log out

When you’re done, don’t forget to logout!!!!!!!
mlc104$ exit
OR
mlc104$ logout
Some Basic Commands

who: Who are using the system.
terra$ who
katchab
ttyp0
scott
tty02
jenny
tty03
 who
Aug 11 08:47
Aug 10 11:01
Aug 10 07:21
am i: Who am I.
terra$ who am i
katchab
ttyp0
Aug 11 08:47
Some Basic Commands

ls: List the files under current directory
terra$ ls
readme
cs211.2.ppt cs211.ppt.gz notes.zip
cs211.1.ppt cs211.3.ppt make/
shell/
 cat:
Display the content of a file
terra$ cat readme
Unix is easy!
terra$
Some Basic Commands

Ctrl-c: (press <Control> and c at the same time)
Interrupt the current task.
terra$ cat
^c
terra$
 netscape:
surf the net. ONLY WHEN X is running
terra$ netscape
 lynx:
surf the net.
terra$ lynx www.yahoo.com
Some Basic Commands

man: See the manual page of a command.
terra$ man cat
Reformatting page. Wait... Done
User Commands
cat(1)
NAME cat - concatenate and display files
SYNOPSIS cat [ -nbsuvet ] [ file ... ]
DESCRIPTION
cat reads each file in sequence and writes it on the standard output. Thus:
example% cat file
prints file on your terminal, and:
example% cat file1 file2 >file3
concatenates file1 and file2, and writes the results in
file3. If no input file is given, cat reads from the standard input file.
OPTIONS--More--(11%)

xman: Graphical, X-Windows version
Commands covered today
• File Manipulation Commands:
– copy (cp), rename (mv), print (lpr), examine a file
(head, more, cat), search a file (grep), delete (rm)
• Miscellaneous commands
– echo, date, cat
• Basic File Compression – gzip, gunzip
• Finding Utilities and help
– which, whereis, apropos, man, info
• Communicating online
– Chat (write/talk) and email (pine)
Communication Utilities in UNIX
The talk Command
A Complete talk Session
A Complete talk Session
A Complete talk Session
The write Command
E-Mail Programs
• Some Programs available in Unix/Linux
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–
–
–
–
–
Mail – most basic, low level mail command
ELM
PINE (PINE Is Not Elm), more user friendly text mail
Outlook, GUI driven
Eudora
Netscape Mailer
Email Address
PINE
•
•
•
•
A menu-driven client
Uses pico as an editor
Allows MIME attachments
Main Menu
– C - Compose to write a message
– I or L - View messages
– Q - Quit
Figure 7-10
Local login
Figure 7-11
Remote Login